Gerts Genrih: engobomi, izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu

Nakule yonke kwinzululwazi wenza izinto ezifunyaniswe ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, bambalwa kubo, kufuneka ukuba nazo yonke imihla. Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso ubomi mihla ngaphandle wenza Gerts Genrih noRudolf.

Le yamachiza German, yaba ngunozala nemiba yaye yaba ihlabathi ubukho amaza. Kuyinto ngenxa yophando lwakhe, sisebenzisa TV nonomathotholo, ezo ngokuqinileyo ubomi ngomntu wonke.

usapho

Genrih Gerts wazalwa ngomhla 02/22/1857 uyise - Gustav - uhlobo yemisebenzi yabo igqwetha, emva unyuka usiya eHamburg leNdlu yeeNgwevu umzi, apho intsapho waphila. unina womntwana - Betty Augustus. Yena ke intombi ngunozala lomlambo odumileyo Cologne. Kubalulekile ukuba eli ziko lisasebenza eJamani. UHenry waba Betty amazibulo kunye Gustav. Kamva, le ntsapho weza amakhwenkwe amathathu enye intombazana.

iintsuku zesikolo

Esengumntwana, Genrih Gerts wayeseyinkwenkwana abaswele amandla, nabayimilwelwe. nto ayengathandi imidlalo yaphandle kwaye imithambo zomzimba. Kodwa Henry ngodlamko olukhulu ukufunda iincwadi ezahlukeneyo kunye neelwimi bafunda zasemzini. Konke oku negalelo kuqeqesho bulo. Kukho ezinye izinto ezinomdla biography of sisazinzulu elizayo, abathi inkwenkwe akwazi ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo Arabic nesiSanskrit.

Abazali babekholelwa ukuba owamazibulo zabo qiniseka ukuba igqwetha, akuba bahamba ekhondweni likayise. Inkwenkwe lanikwa kwiSikolo Hamburg. Apho kukufundela umthetho. Noko ke, kwelinye amanqanaba nokufunda esikolweni baqalisa nokufundisa iiklasi physics. Kususela kuloo mzuzu iimfuno Henry watshintsha ngokupheleleyo. Ngethamsanqa, abazali bakhe abazange babambelele iimviwo icala lomthetho. Bavumela inkwenkwe ukufumana lobizo lwakhe ebomini, wabuguqulela naye yokuzilolonga. On veki, uHenry wafunda kwi-School of wezandla. Ixesha elininzi inkwenkwe wachitha imizobo yakhe, ukufunda nokuchwela. Njengoko yesikolo, waqalisa imizamo yakhe yokuqala ukudala izixhobo izixhobo nasekufundweni ophathekayo. Konke oku kwabonisa ukuba umntwana ubaleka kulwazi.

studentship

Ngowe-1875, Genrih Gerts wafumana isatifikethi sematriki. Oku wamnika ilungelo ukungena eyunivesithi. Ngowe-1875 wafudukela Dresden, apho waba ngumfundi Technical College. Ekuqaleni, ukufunda kweli ziko uthande mfana. Noko ke, Genrih Gerts waqonda ukuba umsebenzi njengoononjineli xa - yayingeyiyo lobizo lwakhe. Inkwenkwe abemkileyo esikolweni yaye waya Munich, apho wamkelwa ngqo kunyaka wesibini eyunivesithi.

Indlela zeSayensi

Njengomfundi, uHenry waqalisa balangazelela uphando. Kodwa lo mfana waqonda ukuba ulwazi afunyenwe kwi-yunivesithi kuba oko akwanelanga. Kungenxa yoko le nto, ebamkele idiploma, wafudukela Berlin. Apha, kwi ikomkhulu eJamani, uHeinrich waba umfundi kwiyunivesithi waza wafumana umsebenzi ukusebenza njengoko umncedisi kwi elabhoratri Germana Gelmgoltsa. Le yemvelo likhulu ixesha wabona indoda abatsha abanetalente. Kungekudala phakathi kwabo Wamisa ubudlelwane obuhle, nto leyo kamva udityaniswe kuphela ngumhlobo wakhe omkhulu kodwa intsebenziswano yenzululwazi.

doctoral degree

Phantsi kwenkokhelo ka yamachiza odumileyo Hertz wayekhusela ithisisi bakhe waza waba nengcali elaziwayo ebaleni electrodynamics. Kungenxa kweli cala kamva aba ezifunyaniswe ezisisiseko immortalize igama sisazinzulu.

Kuloo minyaka ayikhange kufundwe okanye intsimi zombane okanye ngemagnethi. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba kukho iziselo ezilula. Okuthiwa babe inertia, apho umqhubi uyeza aze aye yangoku yombane.

Genrih Gerts baqhube imifuniselo ezininzi. Nakuba kunjalo, iziphumo ezihle ekuchongeni inertia ekuqaleni oko ayifumanekanga nguye. Noko ke, ngo-1879 ngenxa yophando lwakhe, wamkela umvuzo University of Berlin. Le mbasa uye wakhonza njenge inkuthazo enamandla ukuqhubeka uphando yakhe. Iziphumo ze-eksperimenti of Hertz zenzululwazi kamva yenza isiseko le ithisisi. 5. 02.1880 ukhuseleko yayo yaba sisiqalo njengekhondo zezenzululwazi oselula, ngelo xesha yazaliseka iminyaka engama-32. Lwezinga wamisela degree doctoral, idiploma lokugqitywa kwe Berlin University iimbeko.

laboratory Manual siqu

Genrih Gerts, ogama biography zezenzululwazi zange uphele ngomhla ukuziphendulela ithisisi yakhe, ixesha, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe theoretical component kwi-Institute of Physics, zibekwe kwi-University of Berlin. Noko ke, ndakhawuleza ndaqonda ukuba bayanda iqalisa ukuba nomtsalane imifuniselo.

Ngowe-1883, ngomhla ngengcebiso Helmholtz nzulu oselula wafumana iposi entsha. Waba umncedisi unjingalwazi e Kiel. Kwiminyaka emithandathu emva koku ukuqeshwa, Herz wonyuselwa ukuba Professor of Physics, waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe kwisixeko Karlsruhe, apho kwakukho Technical School ePhakamileyo. Lwezinga sisihlandlo sokuqala wafumana elebhu yaso yokulinga, elibonelela kuye inkululeko ubugcisa kunye nokukwazi ukumelana imifuniselo yayo umdla. Eyona ndlela iphambili zophando lwezenzululwazi ibe yintsimi zokufunda oscillations zombane olukhawulezileyo. Ezi imibuzo Hertz wayesebenza, ngoxa ungumfundi.

E Karlsruhe Henry watshata. uElizabhete umfazi wakhe waba uQheleqhele.

Ukufumana ubungqina izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu

Ngaphandle komtshato, Isazinzulu Genrih Gerts akazange abashiye imisebenzi yabo. Waqhubeka ukwenza isifundo kwi inertia. Xa zophando zenzululwazi lusekelwe kwithiyori Hertz iqhutywe Maxwell, njengoko apho uqina kwamaza erediyo kufuneka efanayo isantya lokukhanya. Kweli thuba ukususela-1886 ukuya 1889. Lwezinga kwenziwa amalinge amaninzi kweli cala. Ngenxa yoko, i-nzulu kuye kwaba ubukho amaza.

Ngaphandle kokuba amalinge zabo yamachiza abaselula izixhobo nobu-, wakwazi ukufumana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Umsebenzi Hertz waba kuphela isiqinisekiso ubukho amaza. Izazinzulu ziye zachongwa kwaye isantya kwazo, refraction kunye reflection.

Genrih Gerts, ukuvulwa leyo yenza isiseko electrodynamics mihla, sifumene inani elikhulu amabhaso ezahlukeneyo umsebenzi wakhe. Phakathi kwabo:
- Comic Award, thaca kwi-Vienna Academy;
- wasebusika. Matteucci, zandlalwa Society of Sciences Italy;
- Prize ka Paris Academy of Sciences;
- Order Japanese ye-Treasure Engcwele.

Ukongezelela, sonke siyazi Hertz - unit zobungakanani ogama emva vulindlela odumileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, uHenry waba ehambelana lilungu oqeqesho of Sciences baseRoma, Berlin, eMunich eVienna. Ezo zinto zifunyanisiweyo, owenza Scientist, a ngokwenene gqitha. Ngenxa yokuba Genrih Gerts wafumanisa, yokusungulwa, ezifana kusungulwe engenazingcingo, unomathotholo nomabonwakude, kamva waba kunokwenzeka ukuba uluntu. Kwaye namhlanje, ngaphandle kwabo akunakwenzeka ukuba nomfanekiso ubomi bethu. A lwezinga - iyunithi yokulinganisa eziqhelekileyo ngamnye kuthi evela esikolweni.

Ukufunyanwa kwe isivamvo

Ukususela ngo-1887, oososayensi baqalisa ngokutsha izimvo zabo theoretical malunga nohlobo ukukhanya. Kwathi ngenxa zophando Genriha Gertsa. Ngomsebenzi kunye kwisisu evulekileyo, yamachiza edumileyo, uYesu wabonisa ukuba xa zikhanyiswe iifyuzi yiultraviolet ukukhanya lula kakhulu enkalweni ube yintlantsi phakathi kwabo. Le isiphumo photo kuye ngokupheleleyo sivavanywe Russian yamachiza A. G. Stoletovym ngo-1888-1890 gg. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba le meko ibangelwa ukususwa ukusuka kumphezulu metal umbane HIV ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni kweultraviolet light.

Genrih Gerts - physics, wafumanisa isenzeko (kamva wachaza Albertom Eynshteynom), nto leyo namhlanje lisetyenziswa kwi ubugcisa. Ngoko ke, lo isivamvo ngokusekelwe yintshukumo photocells, apho kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa umbane kwelanga. izixhobo anjalo kolu suku kufaneleke ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele indawo, apho kungekho eminye imithombo yamandla. Kwakhona ngoncedo iiseli elanga kunye ifilim idlalwa emva isandi orekhodishiweyo. Kwaye loo nto bonke.

Namhlanje, oosonzululwazi baye bafunda ukudibanisa iiseli elanga kunye relay, nto leyo eye yakhokelela ekubeni ekudalweni ezahlukeneyo yokubona "" koomatshini. Ezi zixhobo bayakwazi ukuvula ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye uvale ucango, cima kwaye vula izibane, ukulungisa izinto, njalo njalo. D.

meteorology

Eli candelo lenzululwazi Hertz ebezisoloko umdla onzulu. Nangona sesayensi kakhulu meteorology uphando, wabhala inani lamanqaku ezinxulumene nesihloko. Eli xesha xa wayesebenza umncedisi eBerlin yemvelo Helmholtz. Kwakhona, izifundo ziye zaqhutywa yi Hertz phezu komphunga ulwelo, ukuzimisela weepropati phantsi utshintsho adiabatic komoya efumileyo, ukuvelisa izixhobo ezitsha graphic hygrometer.

ubucukubhede contact

I Hertz ethandwa bazisa ezifunyaniswe kulo electrodynamics. Ngowe-1881-1882 gg. umphengululi lapapasha amanqaku ezimbini isihloko ubucukubhede zoqhagamshelwano. Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kwabangela kwiziphumo, konke ngokusekelwe ingcamango wezinto luthambe kunye eziqhubekayo ubucukubhede. Ukuphuhlisa lo mbono, Hertz waphawula ukuba amakhonkco Newton leyo akhiwa nokubambisa ilens yeglasi sphere. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ngcamango noko kwakhona, kwaye zisekelwe phezu zonke imodeli lotshintshiselwano lomfowunelwa ezikhoyo nentekelelo yemida nanosdvigov.

Spark radio Hertz

Olu qambo yaba Scientist siphu- dipole eriyali. Radio Hertz kudalwe ukusuka inductor ithuba elilodwa capacitor of a ukulenza, othe wemka umsantsa umoya yintlantsi. Esi sixhobo ibekwe kwibhokisi physics mnyama. Oku kwenza ukuba sibone ngcono yintlantsi. Nangona kunjalo, la mava Genriha Gertsa lubonise ukuba kwibhokisi yintlantsi leyo kakhulu lifinyele. Ke nzulu wazisusa kwisahlulo yeglasi ukuba kubekwe phakathi umamkeli kunye umthombo amaza. ubude yintlantsi ngexesha elifanayo landa. Yintoni ebangele le meko, Hertz akazange abe ixesha uchaze.

Kwathiwa kuphela kamva, enkosi kuphuhliso inzululwazi, izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu ziye ayikaqondwa ngabanye waza waba isiseko ukuzalwa 'ixesha engasebenzi ngeengcingo. " Ngokubanzi, onke amalinge wachaza Hertz nokwehlukana magnetic, refraction, reflection, uphazamiseko, kwakunye isantya, nto leyo ebonisa amaza.

ukusebenza umqadi

Ngowe-1892, ngokusekelwe zabakubonileyo Hertz wabonisa indlela semitha cathode ngokusebenzisa ngefoyile ye obhityileyo ezenziwe ngentsimbi. Oku "isiphumo umqadi" wancinwa ngakumbi umfundi we yamachiza enkulu Filipom Lenardom. Kwakhona waba ingcamango ityhubhu cathode waza wafunda kwii--X reyi izinto ezahlukeneyo. Konke oku yaba isiseko fyabo kakhulu, nto leyo lisetyenziswa namhlanje. Yaba ukufunyanwa kwe-X reyi, baqulunqe esebenzisa imfundiso magnetic lokukhanya.

Ukukhunjulwa sisazinzulu enkulu

Ngowe-1892, Hertz wehlelwa migraine kakhulu, emva koko kwafunyaniswa kokosuleleka. Academic owawusebenza izihlandlo eziliqela, ezama ukuphelisa esi sifo. Noko ke, eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithandathu Gerts Genrih noRudolf wafa yityhefu kwegazi. yesayensi edumileyo abasebenza umsebenzi wakhe 'imigaqo yokulungisa lowu Uxhulumaniso Entsha "nemihla yokugqibela kakhulu. Kule ncwadi Hertz wazama ukwenza ingqiqo seziphumo, ukuchonga iindlela ngakumbi ukufunda izenzakalo zombane.

Emva kokufa komsebenzi sisazinzulu kaThixo yagqitywa salungiselela ekupapasheni Germanom Gelmgoltsem. Kwintshayelelo kule ncwadi, wabhekisela yokuba Hertz yaba zezona ngcali zinetalente abafundi bakhe, yaye oko kwavula kamva ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso yenzululwazi. La mazwi esiprofeto. Inzala e ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu wabonakala kubaphandi sele iminyaka embalwa emva kokufa kwakhe. Yaye kwinkulungwane yama-20 isekelwe phezu umsebenzi Hertz baqalisa ukuba phantse zonke iindawo ezivela physics mihla.

Ngowe-1925, ngenxa kokufunyanwa kwemithetho Ukuntlithwa komhlaba elektroni kunye sesayensi atom wawongwa Prize Nobel. I got umtshana wakhe, yamachiza omkhulu - Gustav Ludwig Hertz. Ngowe-1930, i-International Electrotechnical Commission yamkela iyunithi entsha ye kweenkqubo yomlinganiselo. Waba Hertz (Hz). Le frequency ehambisana elinye ixesha oscillation ngenxa mgomzuzu omnye.

Ngowe-1969 kwi kummandla eMpuma Jamani wamisa sisikhumbuzo kubo. H. Hertz. Ngo-1987, imbasa yasekwa ngu Heinrich Hertz IEEE. ibhaso yonyaka wenza ukuba impumelelo ebalaseleyo kummandla eksperimenti theory kungekho ngamaza. Behlonipha Hertz kubizwa nangokuba mngxuma kwenyanga iqhele emva empumalanga emzimbeni yasezulwini.