Eyona engundoqo iintlobo zezilwanyana. Iintlobo Animal: yokuhlela

Ngokutsho ingcamango yendaleko, zonke iintlobo zezidalwa emhlabeni ophilileyo ngokuthe ngcembe, izigidi ezininzi zeminyaka, bavela izinyanya zabo kwiseli enye. eziphilayo ezintsonkothileyo kungenzeka ukuba kwavela amakoloni elula. Oku kungenziwa zilandelwa ukuba ukuhlola ngakumbi iintlobo eziphambili zezilwanyana. Ulwahlulo wahlula zonke izidalwa iintlobo, iintsapho, imiyalelo, iiklasi ngokwendlela yesakhiwo nemiqondiso yangaphandle, leyo ezifunyenwe ngethuba kwemvelo.

Ukwenza iintlobo ezintsha kwinyama zezilwanyana, kwakukho imizimba angekho gogo yamandulo. Isanda yeli inkqubela ibonakala iziponji. Xa coelenterates sele ngokupheleleyo wavakalisa endoderm kunye ectoderm, kwaye nakhululeka kuzo iziqalelo izihlunu. Iintlobo eziphezulu izilwanyana luphawulwa kwisakhiwo entsonkothileyo-luvo kunye nezinye iinkqubo omzimba. Ukuze siqonde nasekusungulweni imfuneko ukuqwalasela iinkcukacha iimpawu zazo ezibalulekileyo.

sabaqalayo

Oku izidalwa ezincinane ekubeni nesakhiwo iseli enye. Izazinzulu wazi malunga 15,000 iintlobo lenyama. komzimba yabo yahlukile, ukusuka ebabusisakha yezi unyulu-up. Ixesha elininzi amathanga ezintsonkothileyo evumela izazinzulu ukuqikelela ukuba naziphi na iintlobo zezilwanyana multicellular. Zahlulwe kwiiklasi, kuxhomekeke iindlela intshukumo kunye nesakhiwo umzimba.

sponge

Eyona kwakudala eziphilayo multicellular. Zihlala becala elwandle. Zahlula-hlulwe iiklasi ezintathu, kuxhomekeka kubume skeletal. Yokuphila kwabo apha. Ezinye iindidi zobukumkani isilwanyana ngesibindi, kuba iziponji akukho amalungu athile kunye namalaphu. Kukho yangaphandle, ukukhusela umzimba ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba, kwaye kukho umaleko engaphakathi owakhiwa ngayo iiseli ezizodwa ikhola flagellated. Phakathi kwabo mesoglea - maxa wambi iqela iseli kakhulu omkhulu, inxalenye eyenza ngamathambo.

coelenterates

Izidumbu yezi zilwanyana kuba lamanqanaba ezimbini kuphela iiseli angqonge lweHo- umzimba, kuthiwa isisu, omnye umlomo lokuvula. Banolwazi zakuqala zeethishu luvo kwemisipha. Yegazi kunye nenkqubo excretory ayikho. coelenterates lifestyle ungenzi okanye svobodnopodvizhnym. Phila, ngaphandle ezimbalwa, kwi olwandle zibe ngamathanga enkulu. Olu hlobo luquka jellyfish, nekorale, hydroids kunye anemones ulwandle.

flatworms

Ploskotelye okukuyo nokuqala inkqubo excretory kunye ebuchotsheni. Ingquza ke wayengekho. Abameli olu hlobo - hermaphrodites. Kule hlobo fanele ntshulube ciliated okanye turbellarians, ngokunjalo ezinye izinambuzane - limenitis kunye flukes.

ziintshulube

Yiba imingxunyana ngomlomo okanye ezimpundu emathunjini iqhagamshele. iqela Main - nematodes, kuquka izinambuzane ezininzi, kodwa kukho iintlobo simahla-ophilileyo. Eli sebe beemfama nasekusungulweni ifuthe kuphuhliso eziphilayo, eli qela akazange abe na. Olu hlobo luquka ngakumbi iinwele-ndingumbungu, rotifers ezidala, adla baphathwa kumaqela ahlukeneyo.

annelids

Izidumbu zezilwanyana ezinjalo iqanjwa amacandelo ngamnye. Ilifa inkqubo yokujikeleza, umthamo ophezulu ngokutsha lomzimba niguqukele kwiziqalelo zamandulo nezasesekondari kwisisu umzimba. Eyesibini, iintlobo kuphuhliswa ngakumbi kakhulu zobukumkani izilwanyana ziye kwasekwa phantsi kwempembelelo olu tshintsho. Ukususela iimpethu annelid zaselwandle kwakukho abameli ezininzi zelo qela arthropods.

squid

Izilwanyana, edla umzimba ethambileyo kumgxobhozo ezikhuselweyo. Banolwazi uvalo kakhulu inkqubo lesibini kwisisu umzimba. Kwakukho izivamvo nentliziyo - isihlunu ukuba iimpompo igazi. Xa bivalves uyakwazi ukwahlula phakathi komboko umlenze gastropod - entloko. Bahlala elwandle kunye namanzi acocekileyo, naphezu komhlaba.

echinoderms

Abemi yolwandle. Engqonge abameli ezinkulu musa ukudlula-50 cm. Uhlobo kweeklasi iquka ulwandle urchins, iinkwenkwezi, roses, iinyibiba kunye nabanye. Yokuphila esisigxina, ngoko liqulunqe elikhethekileyo echinoderms indlela ezintlanu-macala. Abameli Uhlobo le inkqubo yokujikeleza, amathambo lwangaphakathi mezodermichesky.

arthropoda

Iintlobo avumelekile ezinkulu kakhulu. Yile qembu arthropods. Olu hlobo - yeyona eyahlukeneyo natyebileyo kwiintlobo. Yeempawu ke ubukho ezintsonkothileyo-uhlobo ubona ezihlobene zomlomo ezikhethiweyo - zeepali, kwahlulwe ecacileyo umzimba kumacandelo, iziphelo, ezibandakanya amacandelo intshukumo ngakumbi kakuhle. Development agcinwe arthropods trilobites extinct kunye namaqela nobu-, nto leyo umzali kwezilwanyana kunye ezinamaqokobhe, nezinambuzane aphezulu eziphaphazelayo. Amasongololo zithathwa ukuba ikhonkco yexeshana nasekusungulweni kwale hlobo.

kumenze

Uhlobo iquka iintlobo kunye neeklasi, abohlukeneyo imbonakalo yazo, indlela yokuphila, bume. Iintlobo-luvo izilwanyana nobunye kwakheka kwi amaphiko inxalenye ityhubhu yomzimba, nto leyo embindini zonke iziphelo ezininzi, olukhusela notochord, intlala okanye ithambo intonga, inkxaso skeletal. Development abameli kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo aya kulandelelwa ngokumana kusenziwa lichinkohordovyh kunye bescherepnyh (Amphioxus) ukuya kakhulu obeku-, okrelekrele kakhulu.

fish

Kukho cartilaginous, lobe okanye myasistolopastnye, ithambo. Abameli iqela lokuqala kufuneka isikhumba elingqingqwa placoid yinqobo emaxolweni zabo. Roth kubekwe kwicala esezantsi umzimba, akukho ukukhanya kwaye isinye qubha, amathambo liquka intlala.

fish lobe yahlulwe lungfish kunye Crossopterygii. Aba bamva zimelwe namhlanje uhlobo omnye kuphela, awayengabemi Indian Ocean. Bafana kakhulu iminyanya eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, kwaye umdla ingakumbi ukuba abaphandi, ukulwela imfundiso yokuba izinto zazivelela. Lungfish bakhathalela iimpumlo kunye nemiphunga.

Ithambo - yinxalenye enkulu ngabameli mihla kwiklasi iintlanzi. Yiba isinye qubha, yaye amathambo eqinileyo; Ulusu lungqiyame alekwe esikalini, kodwa ke kukho iimeko ezininzi.

namasele

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mibungu ezi zidalwa aphefumle ngokusebenzisa iigilizi yaye bahlala emanzini. Le omdala ukukhanya, yaye uhlala phezu komhlaba. Ulusu moisturized engeva iinwele okanye isikali. Olu didi lubandakanya amasele, leenewt, maxoxo, salamanders.

izilwanyana

Umzimba igutyungelwe esikalini, baza baphila kumhlaba kunye namanzi. Kumaxesha amandulo, olu didi alawule phakathi kwezinye inani, kodwa emva yindawo ilawulwa izilwanyana. Zinelungelo ezininzi ubukhulu, imilo umzimba, yokuphila. Iingwenya, amacilikishe, iinyoka, Ufudo zivela ezirhubuluzayo.

iintaka

Anatomically efanayo izirhubuluzi, kodwa kwafuneka uyakwazi ukugcina ngokuzimeleyo ubushushu bomzimba wabo kungakhathaliseki ukuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo. Xa iintaka, yakhiwe intliziyo kunye amaphiko ukuba ivumele uninzi lwazo ukuhamba ngapha emoyeni elula,-zawo ezine.

ezanyisayo

Ngoko ke igama ngenxa yokubakho unamadlala ezikhethekileyo nefihlakeleyo ukuba ukondla abantwana babo. Umzimba lidla alekwe iinwele, ukuba ezinegazi elishushu, imilenze subsumed phantsi umzimba kwaye zisasazwa phambili. Xa ezanyisayo eziphezulu, obeku-, ukuphuhlisa ingqondo elungele kakhulu ukusinda.

Types of isondlo sezilwanyana

Bonke abantu zahlulwe ngokweendidi 3 ngokungqinelana nenkqubo ukutya:

• Izilwanyana ezitya utyani. Enza ukutya kuphela abatya - ulele, ingca, amagqabi, okanye iziqhamo. Umzekelo, iielk, amaxhama, umvundla.

• ezizingelayo. Inyama izinambuzane ukutya okanye ezinye izilwanyana. Umzekelo, amasele, ingwe, lynx.

• zezitya konke. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ambient, batye zombini izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ukutya. Umzekelo, linjengebhere, chickadee, yasendle.

impilo kolwandle

Izinyanya yamandulo izidalwa kuxhaphaka bephuma olwandle, nto leyo eyaba nelaye wobomi Umhlaba. Le ukufuduka ingenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi - nje emdeni kumhlaba, xa amanzi okanye emiqolombeni komhlaba. Ngenxa utshintsho olukhulu zokuhlala itshintshile kwaye kuphuculwe iintlobo izicwili yesilwanyana ezaziyimfuneko ukuze siphile. Amanye amaqela - iminenga, ezirhubuluzayo neentaka - waza wabuyela elwandle emva ngendlela elide yendaleko.

Ngoku abameli uninzi yeeklasi zifumaneka olwandle okanye kufutshane nayo. iintlobo ezininzi kunene izilwanyana, ingakumbi ezingenamqolo kuhlala ingatshintshanga kwizigidi zeminyaka kwaye sisibonelelo esinexabiso kubo ukufunda. Ezinye iintlobo eziphambili zezilwanyana zithathwa eselula, kodwa ukufunda wabo wanceda zibonisa unxulumano yemfuza phakathi kwamaqela ebonakala ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunefuthe elikhulu ukufezekisa umanyano umntu nendalo nokuqonda ukufana enkulu izidalwa eziphilayo.