Eziphilayo Multicellular: izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Nangona ukwahluka single-elilodwa, eziphilayo ezintsonkothileyo zingcono kakhulu ezaziwayo emntwini. Zimele iqela elikhulu, olubandakanya iintlobo ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi. Zonke izinto eziphilayo multicellular aneempawu ezithile esifana, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, cinga indleko izikumkani ezahlukeneyo, yaye kwimeko kwezilwanyana - neeklasi.

iipropati Common

Eyona iphambili eyahlula kwiseli enye kwaye multicellular, kukho umahluko olusebenzayo. Yavele ngethuba zazivelela. Ngenxa yoko kukho iiseli zomzimba entsonkothileyo baqalisa ukugxininisa, ukujoyina kwithishyu. Ukusetyenziswa elula kuphela enye yonke imisebenzi eyimfuneko. Kule izityalo zomthonyama kunye fungi kwabalelwa kuba ngokwakhe njengoko iiseli zezilwanyana nezityalo nazo umahluko omkhulu. Kodwa ke, nabo, kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa isifundo ngesihloko. Mu kuya kwa nshita elula, zisoloko ziquka iiseli ezininzi, uninzi lwazo imisebenzi yabo.

ezanyisayo class

Kakade ke, eyona kakuhle eyaziwa eziphilayo multicellular - izilwanyana. Kwezi, yena, wabalaselisa ezincancisayo. Olu udidi abamanyeneyo kakhulu chordates, ebandakanya ezine nesiqingatha iintlobo amawaka. abameli balo bahlangana kuyo nayiphi na kokusingqongileyo - emhlabeni, kumhlaba, kumanzi acocekileyo kunye netyuwa, emoyeni. Izinto eziluncedo eziphilayo multicellular kule hlobo ngaphezu elinye iqumrhu isixhobo enzima. Yahlulahlulwe yaba entloko, entanyeni esifubeni, iperi ngaphambili kunye ngemilenze nomsila. Ngenxa yelungiselelo ekhethekileyo imilenze umzimba ngaphezu komhlaba, esivumela Isantya intshukumo. Bonke bephela ulusu ngokusengqiqweni lalingqingqwa kwaye eneplastikhi kwindawo umhlaza umbilo, kutyetyiswa, odorous wamabele. Izilwanyana babe yokakayi enkulu kunye musculature ezintsonkothileyo. Kukho ulwahlulo ekhethekileyo phrenic ekuthiwa uvalo. Bokuhlala iindlela zezilwanyana zokuhamba ziquka izinto ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka ekuhambeni izindawo. Intliziyo iye Amagumbi ezine ukunika igazi esimbaxa onke amalungu kunye namalaphu. Esetyenziselwa imiphunga ukuphefumla, ukubalaselisa - nezintso. Ubuchopho eminyangweni emihlanu kunye zifaka ezininzi palsy kunye kwiCerebellum.

iintaka class

Ukuphendula leyo eziphilayo - multicellular, akunakwenzeka singasathethi iintaka. Oku ehlelekile izidalwa ezinegazi elishushu kukwazi ukubhabha. Kukho ngaphezu kwama namawaka alithoba kweentlobo mihla. Ixabiso ephilayo multicellular ezinjalo eklasini aku- phezulu, njengoko eqhelekileyo kakhulu, yaye ngaloo ndlela inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho yabantu ze badlale indima ebalulekileyo yendalo. Ukusuka nezinye izidalwa iintaka eyahlula iipropati eziliqela ezisisiseko. Baye lilungelelanise umntla kunye yangaphambili, kumbi kwi amaphiko kunye nomsila, ezisetyenziswa wandixhasa. Iintaka umahluko isikhumba ngaphandle amadlala namaqonga horny eyaziwa ngokuba iintsiba. Skeleton angamarhoqorhoqo, ixesha elide, kunye nemingxuma umoya, ngokubonelela ukudlala yayo. Inkqubo dystrophy inikeza ikhono ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukutsiba, nokuqubha, behle kunye neendidi ezimbini moya - bokubhabha andize. iintlobo ezininzi bekwazi ihamba phezu ezikude. Iintaka akukho Amazinyo kwaye goiter apho, yaye isebe izihlunu, usile ukutya. Ubume ulwimi kunye kumlomo ixhomekeke ezikhethiweyo ukutya.

ezirhubuluzayo class

Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye, yaye olu hlobo izidalwa, emele eziphilayo multicellular. Izilwanyana kule klasi lomqolo yokuqala kukodwa. Okwangoku, kukho malunga namawaka amathandathu iintlobo. Isilwanyana esirhubuluzayo isikhumba kwaye uswele kwamadlala, babugubungela umaleko horny, elehla ezithile phakathi ukobuza. skeleton Ehlala ossified kwahlukile igxalaba lwesamente, nakumbhinqo zangasese, kwakunye njengoko iqulunqwe iimbambo kunye nesifuba. Eli phecana kokudla elide ngokwaneleyo kwaye ngokucacileyo neenkalo, ukutya kwikhompyutha usebenzisa imihlathi yamazinyo abukhali. ukukhanya yokuphefumla thaca kunye kumphezulu elikhulu, uqhoqhoqho kunye bronchi. Intliziyo yahlulwe ezingontsini ezintathu. lobushushu emzimbeni uzimisele zokuhlala. Magunya ukwaba izintso kunye isinye. kwezichumiso yangaphakathi, amaqanda abo babekwa emhlabeni kwaye ukhuselwe bulishica okanye iqokobhe-iqokobhe.

emanzini class

Uhide eziphilayo multicellular, kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye, kunye emanzini. Eli qela izilwanyana isagquba, ingakumbi eqhelekileyo xa imozulu ifudumele yaye kufumile. Baye kakuhle nokusingqongileyo ezisentlabathini, kodwa sibe nolwalamano ngqo kunye namanzi. izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini livela Crossopterygii. umzimba zamasele likaThixo imilo ezahlukeneyo tyaba kwaye ukwahlulwa entloko, esifubeni, ngambini kwamalungu ngeminwe ezintlanu. Abanye kwakhona ube ngumsila wena. isikhumba Thin into iphawulwa nobuninzi amadlala yangaphakathi. Amathambo sakhiwa nobuninzi intlala. Izihlunu kukuvumela ukuba wenze iintlobo zeentshukumo. Izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ukuba ezizingelayo, ukutya kwetyiswe isisu. amalungu zemigudu na ulusu kunye nemiphunga. Imibungu are iigilizi. Three-zawo intliziyo namaphephandaba ezimbini - inkqubo basoloko eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo multicellular. Bona zisetyenziselwa nezintso. Ukuchumisa ongaphandle, kwenzeka emanzini, uphuhliso lwenzeka nge milo.

Iklasi izinambuzane

kwiseli enye kwaye multicellular, hayi ubuncinane ezingafaniyo iindidi kuyamangalisa. Olu hlobo luquka nezinambuzane. Yeyona iklasi kakhulu ezininzi - oku kuquka iintlobo ngaphezu kwesigidi. Isinambuzane features ukukwazi ukubhabha kushukunywe phezulu, apho kubonelelwa musculature ngemilenze ezigoba. Umzimba iindidi Ulobuza chitinous, umaleko zangaphandle eliquka izinto olunamafutha ukukhusela kumzimba evela desiccation, ukukhanya UV kunye nomonakalo. mouthparts ezahlukeneyo ukunciphisa iintlobo yokhuphiswano ekuvumela ukuba ugcine inani eliphezulu labantu. Ubukhulu ezincane inzuzo ukusinda, kwakunye noluhlu olubanzi ngeendlela asetyenziselwa ukujikwa - parthenogenetic, ulala namadoda, mibungu. Abanye kwakhona kwahluka polyembryony. Zemiphunga ukunika exchange igesi olunzulu, kunye nenkqubo-luvo onezivamvo abafezekileyo idala iindlela ezintsonkothileyo ukuziphatha ngenxa neemvakalelo.

umbuso plant

Kakade ke, izilwanyana ivame kakhulu. Kodwa kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye, kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo multicellular - izityalo. Them kukho malunga amathathu anamashumi amahlanu amawaka iintlobo. Baya bahluke kwezinye izinto eziphilayo kukukwazi lokwenza photosynthesis. Izityalo kuba kukutya nezinye izinto ezininzi. iiseli babo neendonga ekugcinweni kwincindi, kwaye iqulethwe ngaphakathi ngokuba yiklorofili. Uninzi abakwazi ukusebenzisa iintshukumo esebenzayo. izityalo Lower awunayo kwahlulwe amagqabi, iziqu kunye neengcambu. ulwelwe Green ezihlala emanzini kunye Inokubanomahluko isakhiwo zizalele nakuzo iindlela. Brown eyenziwa nge photosynthesis fucoxanthin. ulwelwe Red bafumaneka nokuba kubunzulu 200 meters. Ulele - elandelayo Subkingdom. Zezona zibalulekileyo uluhlu emhlabeni, yaye zisetyenziswa amayeza, izinto zokuthambisa kunye namashishini imichiza. izityalo Higher ahluka bubukho amagqabi, iingcambu nezikhondo. Eyona kwakudala - ubulembu. kakhulu iphuhliswe - imithi ukuba abe eneentyatyambo, khe okanye monocots kunye Conifers.

Ubukumkani fungi

Kuyimfuneko ukuya kuhlobo lokugqibela, elinokuba yi eziphilayo multi-ezineseli. Amakhowa adibanisa iimpawu zombini izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Kukho ngaphezu kwesinye ikhulu lamawaka iintlobo. Neyantlukwano eziphilayo iiseli multicellular ibonakala ngokucacileyo makhowa - bayakwazi zizalana yi imbewu, nokulungelelanisa iivithamini cwaka, kodwa ngaxeshanye njengoko izilwanyana adla heterotrophically nga ukwenza umBoniso kwaye ngechitin, nto leyo nayo ezifumaneka arthropods.