Erlih Volf Iosifovich - imbongi eSoviet: biography, ubuchule

Igama lakhe ayikho elikhulu, kodwa izisa imfudumalo kangaka kunye nentlungu ... The admirer elinenzondelelo eArmenia, imbongi unesiphiwo Umntu olungileyo, umhlobo obhubhileyo yeengxaki ngesiquphe Sergei Yesenin kaThixo, utyunyuzwe ngumtshangatshangiso zocindezelo, kodwa ulibele - Erlih Volf. Yena - nombhali lo izibongo emangalisayo, iincwadi zabantwana kunye nemisebenzi ezinkulu eziye ziyahlonelwa iincwadi Soviet.

Volf Iosifovich Erlih, Biography

I. Wolf wazalwa ngoJuni 7, 1902 kwidolophu Simbirsk, yintsapho ka iVolga amaJamani. Uyise - usokhemisi, Erlih iosif Lazarevich. Umama - Anna Moiseevna udade - Tolkacheva esaziwa losifovna.

Volf Erlih imibongo namabali waqala ukubhala ngexesha ukufunda kwi Simbirsk yokuzilolonga. Emva kokuba ekupheleni kwayo, wangena University of Kazan. Ekuqaleni, wafunda kwi-Faculty of Medicine, ize ke idluliselwe kwi-History ne Philology. Ngowe-1920, wakhonza kwi 1st webutho Kazan Territorial. Le mfazwe yamakhaya wayelijoni Red Army, GPU uNobhala of Education of the Republic of Committee Tatarstan.

Volf Erlih wafika Petrograd ngo-1921. Ekuqaleni wafunda kwiYunivesithi City kwicandelo loncwadi kunye obugcisa, kodwa, ngelishwa, wagxothwa ngenxa yokuswela ukuma. Waye nokuthatha inxaxheba kule mpikiswano kwezopolitiko noncwadi, weza ezithandwayo ngelo xesha "Order Imagist". Ukongezelela Ehrlich, xa Ezinye iLeningrad iimbongi ezinoncolo Polotsk, uNikolay Grigorov oko Ivan Afanasyev, Soloviev, Gregory Shmerelson. Ngowe-1925, Wolf waba Ehrlich umsebenzi ojongene kwikhaya yokuqala yeBhunga Leningrad.

Le vesi yokuqala

ingqokelela yakhe yokuqala yemibongo ebizwa ngokuba 'Ingcuka kaThixo Sun "Erlih Volf yakhululwa ngo-1928. Kwalandela "Incwadi memoirs, 'uze' Arsenal". Okulandelayo aba "Incwadi yemibongo" ukuqokelelwa, ngowe-1934, emva koko "Order of Battle" (1935). Ngowe-1929, Ehrlich wabhala umbongo Sofe Perovskoy revolution eyaziwa, umququzeleli kokubulawa loMlawuli Alexander II. Kule 30 wayesebenza "iLeningrad" ibhodi lowu wokuhlela, ngoko - kwiphephandaba "ekhubekisayo." Ngowe-1932 waya kwindawo yokwakha ngokubaluleka zesizwe - i-White Sea-Baltic Canal. Lonke 1935 eyayibanjelwe kwiMpuma Ekude, kunye nabanye ababhali ukudala "iintsuku Volochaevskaya."

Xa kwaziwa

"Le ncwadi iivesi" Wolf Ehrlich ilula ngqo, kulula ukufunda, ngokunjalo zonke imibongo yakhe iprozi. Yonke imisebenzi yakhe zizaliswe kunye nentsingiselo enzulu, wacinga ingcinga. Ngowe-1937, ilungu le-Union of Soviet Writers I. Wolf epapashwe ukuqokelelwa abantwana ababini ngayo imibongo kunye nencwadi "Adventures ngokuNgaqhelekanga nabahlobo." Lobo Ehrlich imisebenzi kupapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye namaphephancwadi ezifana "ababephila zoncwadi," "Red Night", "The Star". Ukongezelela imisebenzi yabo zoncwadi, Erlih Volf bubonakala ukusuka Armenian. Phakathi kwezi mibongo Mkrtich Achemyan, Mkrtich Nagash.

"Iinkumbulo of Yesenin"

Kuba okokuqala sijongene kunye imisebenzi Yesenin, Wolfe I. wachukunyiswa ngokunyaniseka, ubunzulu kwizibongo nemibongo yakhe. Badibana ngo-1924 eLeningrad, yaye kamva abazana yazo yaba ubuhlobo olomeleleyo eyaqhubeka de kube lusuku lokugqibela yobomi Sergeya Esenina.

Xa wayesele esaziwa Ehrlich, imibongo yakhe yapapashwa kumaphephandaba iLeningrad kunye neemagazini. Kanye abanye ababhali, yena inxaxheba ufundo kwimibongo. Ngowe-1924 Erlih Volf kunye Sergey Esenin ababekhona kunye nemibongo yakhe eLeningrad kunye namadlelo ayo, kuqukwa Tsarskoe Selo. Apho wenza ifoto zokubhiyizela kunye nabafundi ze-Institute of Agriculture. Sergey Esenin wayesoloko ekwabelwana kunye Ehrlich izicwangciso zabo zobugcisa, ukuvavanya bona kunye neendawo zazo, ebonisa ukuba yonxunguphalo ngethemba labo omnye komnye. Iminyaka emva kokufa Yesenin kaThixo abaninzi kunimangalela Ehrlich wobandakanyo kukubulawa kwakhe, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngolwalamano lwabo, begubha ubuhlobo futh, kwaye kucacile ukuba zonke ezi marhe - ubuxoki.

Ngenye imini, xa iqela e Anna Abramovna Berzin Yesenin ndakufundayo ubhale nje umbongo, yakhe "Wengoma Campaign Enkulu". Berzin uye wacela ukuba kushunyayelwe iindaba ezilungileyo kwijenali. Wolfe I. nangoko wabhala phantsi ngentloko yonke mbongo Sergey Esenin wenza izilungiso ezincinane kuphela ize isayinwe. Emva kokuba bemkile, Anna Abramovna bayibuyisela wesandla iphephandaba "Oktobha".

Incwadi kuphela memoirs iprozi Ehrlich waba "amalungelo ingoma," ebhalwe 1930. Kwintshayelelo, umbhali ithelekisa imbongi amajoni inkcenkce, waphupha ephupheni lakhe, waza kamva ndathenga yokwenene. Uyamangala apho iphela Sergei Yesenin, owayefile, yaye apho iqala khona Yesenin, lowo ndayibonayo ephupheni? Wayebonakala ukuba ukuthetha malunga nemifanekiso ezahlukeneyo umntu omnye, lo unyuke kunye nabo, yengxoxo. Kwezi memoirs azichazayo kuphela iinyaniso kakhulu eyaziwa kuye, kodwa wahlala xesha, woyika into akwazi amanga.

Kule ncwadi, I. Wolff othetha ubuhlobo bakhe Yesenin, malunga neminyaka emibini yokugqibela yobomi imbongi elikhulu. Kuyo, yena ukhankanya yokugqibela umbongo Esenina, leyo igqithiswe Ehrlich phambi kokufa kwakhe.

Ndlela-ntle, umhlobo

Xa kabuhlungu ngentsasa ngoDisemba 28, 1925 Erlih Volf enye wokuqala ukuba athole umzimba Esenina kwi ehotele "Angleterre". Ezimandundu Njengokungeniswa ukufa komhlobo wakhe, yena wafumana amandla ukuthatha inxaxheba ntle mikhosi, esenzeka Disemba 29 kwi iLeningrad House of Writers kwi Fontanka River. Next Ehrlich and Nozipho Tolstoy-Yesenin, umhlolokazi imbongi kaThixo, bathatha ibhokisi eMoscow. NgoDisemba 31, 1925 Sergeya Esenina wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni Vagankovsky.

Armenia

Ngasekupheleni nenani-20 I. Wolf kunye nomhlobo wakhe Nikolaem Tihonovym waya uhambo lwakhe lokuqala Armenia. Apho batyelela Argatse phezulu ezintabeni mlilo ka Sevan waqhekeza iintaba Geghama, watyelela woonongendi, apho abahlali bathi Ayrivank. Kugxile leli lizwe kwi Iosifovicha Ngcuka, akwazi ukunceda, kodwa kubonisa umsebenzi wembongi. Ngoko kwakukho "amabali Alagezskie" yaye "Armenia".

Hayi iphumelele kuphela uhlobo amakhulu Ehrlich, kodwa abantu. Yena ukuba umhlobo wakhe UNikolai Tikhonov wathi: "... Ndibone abantu abaninzi, kodwa ufuna ukubona ngaphezulu ...." Kwaye akazange nje sibuyele Armenia. E Ararat intlambo eladlelana abalimi kwi Arakas Mna ndenza abahlobo kunye abalindi umda, wavuya kunye Izilumko Armenian, kufutshane kakhulu ekuthatheni zonke ubunzima zamanene. Armenia ndazana ngokupheleleyo intliziyo Ehrlich. Ngelishwa, le thando iye esibulalayo kuye.

uphazamiseka

Ngowe-1937, ngoxa uhambo ukuya eArmenia, wayefuna ukuba ubhale umbhalo malunga abuyileyo, kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke. Ehlotyeni wabanjwa Julayi 19 e Yerevan wathumela phantsi neempelesi ukuya eLeningrad. Ekwindla ka Novemba 19 waloo nyaka bazibhala Ehrlich wagwetywa intambo ngenxa yelo ukuya abagrogrisi Trotskyists umbutho lowo enyanisweni ayikho akazange. Isigwebo wabulawa November 24, 1937. Kuyinto kuphela emva kweminyaka 19 Military Collegium yeNkundla Ephakamileyo Erlih Volf lokukhululeka ngenxa yokungabikho izenzo zakhe kube ubugebengu.