Imvano-siphelo. tindlela rifmovok

Igama elithi "rhyme" uye etymology ezintsonkothileyo. Lenza emva Old umba French elithetha "sequence". Kodwa ke, mhlawumbi, igama French kakhulu rhwaphilizo abolekwe kwiLatini umqondiso Latin, yena, uya emva ulwimi zamandulo zamaGrike.

Amagumbi abafundi Modern zingeniswa iingqiqo ezifana imvano-siphelo, imvano-iindlela, nangona kunjalo, esi sihloko etyebile stihovedcheskaya kakhulu okuninzi yonke imibuzo yayo umdla ukuya esikolweni umfundi.

Ukusuka kwimbali rhyme

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, intsingiselo yokuqala yekota bekungenjalo, njengoko kunjalo ngoku. Kwakungekho malunga ukufana phonetic wezintlu ekupheleni yesihobe, kwaye njalo ezinesingqi. Kungenjalo ayikwazanga kuba imibongo yamandulo, xa umgaqo, zange yiRhymed, iindlela rifmovok kwavela ngokuzenzekelayo kuphela, umzekelo, badla zingaphoswa kwisihobe Catullus.

Kodwa ukuqonda sethiyori, ngokufanelekileyo, iimfuno rhyme kwaba sekunjalo kude kakhulu kude. Imibongo, kubandakanywa i-Russian, weza isingqisho ngcembe, kakuhle ukwanda imigca manani yiRhymed.

Isicengcelezo semibongo mihla Russian

Namhlanje, imvumelwano i attribute elaziwayo intetho zemibongo, kunjalo, kwimibongo, ingakumbi West yaseYurophu, zibonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye nto leyo itsiba ngaphezulu - ukwaliwa vesi yiRhymed. Kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba bomelele Kuya kuba, xa ucinga ukuba namhlanje sibona ukuba umzabalazo sabaxhasi kunye abachasi "wayengekho" vesi yiRhymed.

Kwisihobe mihla Russian, yena kodwa bulawulwe, ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye Classic, kunye neendlela iguqulwe rifmovok, kwaye ukufunda nokubhala of kwiinkulungwane ngaphambili ngengqiqo ubungakanani vesi kunye zandi kuyigqitha komntu omhlophe omkhulu.

Iikhrayitheriya nokuhlola imvano

Xa sithetha ngalo isicengcelezo kufuneka nje ukuphepha ezimbalwa iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuze bashiye inkcazelo ezimbi, njengokuba "rhyme embi." Ngokwako kuyinto elungileyo okanye embi, konke oko kuxhomekeke mbongo yemisebenzi kunye nemixholo inkcubeko. Ngokomzekelo, kwinkulungwane XVIII Trediakovskii yafuna ziimbongi kuphela zandi esobukhomokazi (aksenti kwi lwegama ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala kumgca), kunye namadoda imvano (aksenti kwi lwegama yokugqibela) kugqalwa umqondiso incasa embi.

Namhlanje, le njengenqobo yokugweba, ukuba wakubeka ngokuzolileyo, ayisebenzi, kwaye igatya, kwakunye uvavanyo olusesikweni oko rifmovok iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngumbhali, ayikho i parameter isigqibo igxininisa ubunzulu umsebenzi.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII "elungileyo" kwakusithiwa phantse kuphela izicengcelezo zegrama, oko kukuthi kuphela wasebenzisa enye izigaba zentetho kunye neentlobo-ntetho. Kwaye namhlanje, iimbongi abaninzi badla kubaphepha njengophawu hluleka zemibongo. Oku, ngengozi, naye impazamo, kuba kwezinye iimeko le ordinariness lesicengcelezo zophuculo zifuneka phambili ukuze isiphumo kubuhle. Umzekelo, kwimibongo abantwana imixube engalindelekanga kwaye ezikhwankqisayo abadli mfuneko ingqondo yomntwana ukuqonda kubo ningekalungi, uvakalelwa iindlela ezingcono standard nelula. Kwaye akukho imibongo kuphela abantwana.

Xa ballad edume Anna Akhmatova "Grey-Eyed uKumkani" yintlekele yokufelwa iyenziwa zichanekile humdrum into eyenzekayo. Kwaye kubalulekile nje kuphela izenzo kunye abasabela ngayo, kodwa zandi eqhelekileyo-ntetho (ifumaneka - yayidilikile, bavuke - jonga, njalo njalo) kunye nendlela rifmovok.

Mayakovsky, Noko ke, wayefuna ukuba rhyme kufuneka ezingalindelekanga, ukutsala umdla womfundi, kodwa kukho imfuneko ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokunxulumene kwisihobe Mayakovsky nabantu bakhe, umphefumlo uvana nowam abaye ineengcambu ezomelele- kakhulu kwiindinyana constructivist, ngokulandelelana, indima yokufakwa ngabom.

Kodwa lo thesis nto eziphosakeleyo ngokuphathelele kwisihobe xa iyonke. Yonke into ixhomekeke umsebenzi ke lowo wengcibi yokuluka. Umzekelo, indlela anemvano "uAshera yegolide" S.Yesenin emveli, lo Classic cross-rhyme, imigca wokuqala nowesithathu - nabafazi, kwaye yesibini neyesine - abantu.

Phezu kwalo lonke, lo mbongo alinayo nayiphi na iimvano eziqaqambileyo. Kodwa ke ngelo xesha nye wobugcisa ayinakuphikiswa zemibongo.

Imida ukushukumisa nemvano-siphelo

Imbono Russian kwinkcubeko imvano liphunyezwa, njengoko umthetho, xa yokugqibela efanayo yabethelela bezikhamiso wema ecaleni kwakhe ngokuzithandela. In IsiNgesi kunye nezithethe yaseJamani ndixinezelekile ngokwaneleyo noonone. Oko kukuthi, ke musa ukuba imvano-siphelo, umzekelo, igama elithi "window," yaye "emele", kodwa abavakalelwa ukuba imvano-siphelo "window - ubona" okanye igama "Oknov -. Emphandeni" Nakuba kunjalo, eneneni kukho imibongo kwaye kakhulu iimeko ezinobunzima ezifanayo neziphelo emgceni. Umzekelo, ke ngoko inokusetyenziswa zandi dissonant xa umdlalo neziphelo umgca azikho ngengozi, kodwa lwesikhamiso lokugqibela wagxininisa eyahlukileyo nje. Oko kukuthi, umzekelo, A. mbongo isigqebelo Chebyshev Igama uphawu "dissonance" ngokucacileyo ebonisa randomness reception:

Kohl zidlulela phambili ukuze wena inguquko;

Ingakumbi xa inyanga ngokupheleleyo -

Ngaba uya wona benz,

Uze ijula olukhulu.

Zonke umfazi ngokukhawuleza zalaskat,

Amabele akhe zableskany iinyembezi.

Ugwayi incwadi zalistany ...

Nkqu imbewu zaluzgany.

Kwaye ke umphefumlo Ott,

Nangona, Kakade ke, ngendlela ingozi,

Ngokuba, mhlawumbi, umbilo,

Yaye kwenzeka angina.

Ngaba sikubiza lo mbongo zandi? Ngokwe-nkcazo umgangatho imvano - hayi, kuba iinqobo rhyme aphulwe. Ukususela ngokombono "kraesoglasiya", njengoko lisetyenziswe kubizwa imvano-siphelo, - akuthandabuzeki ngenxa phambi kwethu ngokucacileyo abacingayo yokwamkela ukufana nonrandom ngayo neziphelo emgceni.

igatya

Ngokubanzi, ngokutsho okuvunyelwana "umgangatho" Ukuhlelwa isicengcelezo ngokuqhelekileyo echazwe ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, uhlobo gatya (EOL). Ngamanye amazwi, indlela apho kukho ngendlela lokugqibela. Ukuba indawo yokugqibela, isicengcelezo ngokuba eyindoda (kwakhona - igazi), ukuba kwi ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala - nemazi (narόdy - svobόdy), ukuba kwi lwegama sesithathu ukusuka ekupheleni - dactylic (hόlodno - gόlodno). kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa nazo-ebizwa ngokuba kukho giperdaktilicheskie imvano-siphelo, xa ngendlela yokugqibela ibekwe kwi lwegama yesine phambili ukusuka ekupheleni (ebandayo - enomtsalane).

Indawo kwisitanza

Oko kukuthi indawo kwindinyana yakhiwe uthi abafundi eklasini ngelixa befunda umxholo othi "anemvano-siphelo. imvano-"iindlela. 5 grade kwisikolo esiyisekondari kubandakanya nje ukufunda kuphela, kodwa izifundo ezisebenzayo.

Xa isikhundla kwisitanza (kaninzi iba umbuzo quatrains) rhyme ingaba eqinileyo (Valentine), umnqamlezo (ABAB) - ukuwela indlela imvano-zandi icace gca ngokuphathelele kuqeqesho practical ekuhlaziyeni izicengcelezo, umphunga (AABB) kunye umsesane (Awa).

Kwindinyana ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi ezinye iindibaniso nemvano, umz, ilizwi classical iivesi ukwakhiwa iya kuba: AVAVAVSS.

Ezinye izizathu lucalulo

Ngokufuthi izicengcelezo zihlelwa kunye nezinye izizathu (mkhombe sisityebi, oko kukuthi, sonorous, kwaye mkhombe abasweleyo; ngqo kwaye zichanekile; monosyllabic kunye namacandelo, loo nto ndiyibhalayo indibaniselwano amagama amabini, afana "iminyaka elikhulu aluphale ngaphandle kwethu").

Single sesevisi bemfuno imvano ayikho ukuhlela zichazwe kuphela isiseko kakhulu zithandwa.