Electrolysis amanzi. Yintoni inkqubo yaye kutheni uyidinga

electrolysis ebizwa ethile inkqubo physico-imichiza apho ulwelo okanye, ngamanye amazwi, ukuba electrolyte Wazityanda ibe ion akhabayo kunye navumelanayo. Oku kwenzeka phantsi kwempembelelo umsinga wombane. Njani, ke, uthatha le nkqubo?

Electrolysis amanzi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kagesi edlula electrolyte ubangela asabela i electrode, leyo ezifakwe kunye ion akhabayo kunye navumelanayo. Xa electrode kakubi ebizwayo (cathode) ezi iyatshi- yafaka, ngokulandelelana, kwi-HIV (anode) - anions. Le electrolyte kusenokuquka yamanzi, apho iasidi igalelwe, okanye kumxube wetyuwa. Lokubola neetyuwa metal nento asidi kwenzeka emva kokuba electrolyte igqithiselwa kwi umsinga wombane. Icala metal umbane ezakhayo efanele cathode (electrode kakubi wamwisela umthetho), eyile wentsimbi ngokuba zesiqinisekiso. Acid abaseleyo, a kakubi ityala, udla ukuya anode (i electrode kakuhle ityala), kwaye ngokuba anion. Electrolysis kwenza kokufunyanwa neetyuwa zicocwa kakuhle izinto, ngoko lisetyenziswa kumasebe ahlukeneyo kushishino mihla.

Electrolysis amanzi kubalulekile namhlanje, njengoko amawaka zamashishini ezisebenzisa amanzi izigaba ngamnye kwemveliso yawo. Oku kuchazwe yi kukuba emva uninzi kwiinkqubo kwenziwa kumashishini, amanzi emva ukusetyenziswa uba yingozi kubantu kunye zasendle fluid. electrolysis Amanzi asetyenziselwa unyango amanzi amdaka, ekufuneka angene emhlabeni okanye umthombo wamanzi ecocekileyo. Le amdaka kufuneka zicocwe ukuthintela intlekele eziphilayo, ingozi yayo sele kakhulu eziphakamileyo kwimimandla emininzi eRashiya.

Namhlanje kukho iindlela eziliqela electrolysis amanzi. Ezi ziquka electroextraction, electrocoagulation kunye electroflotation. Electrolysis wamanzi asetyenziselwe yokucoca amanzi amdaka, ekuveliseni iiseli electrolysis. Ezi izakhiwo ezizodwa, apho izinto eziphilayo ziye ibolile zibe zesinyithi, asidi kunye nezinye izinto ukubayinxalenye kudidi imvelaphi ezingaphiliyo. Kubalulekile ukuba unyango amdaka-mveliso enobungozi efana neshishini lwekhemikhali, apho kukho esebenza ngobhedu ndimalathise, kwakunye nezityalo, ukuvelisa ipeyinti, lacquers, enamels. Kakade ke, le ndlela ingenandleko lokuhlanjululwa amanzi usebenzisa electrolysis, kodwa iindleko ezinxulumene nonyango kwamanzi, musani ukuya kungena nayiphi kuthelekiswa kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo engqondweni.

An into umdla, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba enze electrolysis yamanzi ekhaya. Le nkqubo uthatha ixesha elininzi kunye nemali kwaye iza kuvumela imveliso ioksijini kunye hydrogen. Kwisingxobo yamanzi, apho ityuwa pre-zichithakala (ityuwa kuyimfuneko ukuba ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-¼ umthamo wamanzi), electrode ezimbini eshiyelelweyo. Bangakwazi kwenziwa ngentsimbi. I electrode ezidibene ukuya umbane kunye amandla zangoku ubuncinane 0.5 A. Kwenye i electrode kwakhiwa amaqamza, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba electrolysis wamanzi kwiimeko zasekhaya yimpumelelo. Lendlela ukufumana icaustic, chlorine, kunye neminye imichiza, kuxhomekeka ekubeni ubucele ntoni na kule electrolyte. Plasma isetyenziswa electrolysis amanzi plazmoteplolizerah. Esi sixhobo mihla iindlela yokusebenza plasma electrolysis entsha amanzi kunye zokufudumeza yayo ngqo kumaqondo ezithile. Plasma electrolysis kwamanzi kwenza kube lula ukuvelisa iintlobo ezintsha ze-eneji, apho yonke imihla ngakumbi nangakumbi ezifuna abantu. Le amandla aokusetyenziswa kuveliswa ngamanzi, uya kunika ithuba ukwenza iintlobo ezintsha, ekhuselekileyo kunye ngempumelelo imithombo yamandla. Le izenzakalo plasma electrolysis amanzi okwangoku kakuhle ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kufuneka isithembiso omkhulu ngoko ngokunzima bafunda ngabaphengululi mihla.