EbuJudeni - ntoni na? Ukuphatha a non-engumYuda kubuYuda. Indlela ukuba ungumYuda

Ukukhetha ubuYuda njengokuphela nangenyaniso yobomi, umntu akazalwanga umYuda, kodwa ngubani ofuna ukuba mnye, ukuba zilungele zonke iintlobo imiqobo kunye nezithintelo. Emva ukwamkelwa inkqubo lwamaxabiso kunye iinkolelo le nkolo - hayi nje usana kunina. It landulelwa uvavanyo lokwenene uluvo kunye neminqweno amalungisa. Ukuba umviwa lowo Uyasiphumelela amaYuda isidima sabo, ilindela ukuba atshintshele kubuYuda. Yintoni na kwaye kutheni na efunekayo? EbuJudeni na uguqulelo kwi ebuYudeni, kuquka nalawo eziphawula ukuvela omnye ummeli ningabantu abanyuliweyo.

EbuJudeni: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Phambi kokuba Beit Din, ebizwa ngokuba yi-inkundla oorabhi, umviwa, ngenxa yamaYuda, nokuba sex uthembisa ukuthobela imithetho 613 iTorah. Le ndoda, abathatha phezu le dyokhwe, maziye izithethe zamaYuda zilandelayo: Brit Mila (ulwaluko) kunye twill (ubahlambe ngamanzi). Women ukuguqulwa ebuJudeni eyenzekayo vele. Kufuneka wenze twill kuphela. rite nganye intsingiselo yayo ekhethekileyo yaye yenza imisebenzi ethile ekwenzeni sokuguqula.

Brit Mila: Iimpawu

Brit Mila sesona manyano phakathi uMdali noSirayeli. Ukususela kwixesha lakudala, lo mkhosi inyanzelekile ukuba umntu othi ebuYudeni, yaye amaYuda namanje ukuba buyafuneka xa ukuguqula kubuYuda. Emva ulwaluko uzuza ubungcwele zabantu, ithi loo ndoda uyibolekayo ngaye contraindicated Judaist akasayi kuba.

Iintlanga anconywe Brit Mila phantsi zomzimba zasekuhlaleni, ukuze bakwazi ukunikela ingqalelo ekwenzeni imithetho, kodwa wavumela zomzimba ngokupheleleyo xa kukho isizathu esinyanzelisayo.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba sicelo woluke ngaphambili, kufuneka bangenele inkqubo atafat Dame endaweni Brit Brit kuhle ukuba enze iguquka kubuYuda. Yintoni na kwaye ukuba kwenziwa njani? Atafat ukunika-Brit imele deflation amathontsi zokomfuziselo ezimbalwa igazi ngokusebenzisa okuhlatywa encinane kwindawo apho ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenza bolwaluko.

Yena Brit Milah, wenziwa phambi Beit Din abagwebi. ulwaluko Performing Mohel uvakalisa intsikelelo phezu igqibeke ze usele iglasi yewayini. Emva mkhosi umntu kwakhona emzimbeni, ukwenza twill. Kuthatha ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu.

Njani na twill?

Twill uchaphazela ukungena mikvah emvula ichibi okanye umthombo wamanzi. Xa lo mkhosi kufuneka zilungiswe ngokucophelela: ekucoceni, uhlambe amazinyo akho uze ukame iinwele zakho.

Indoda engena ze mikveh waza waziphosa emanzini intloko yakhe. Emva kokuba umfazi dip wokuqala ushiya ichibi kwaye kubeka zibe ingubo enkulu. Oku akufuneki angqamane qha umzimba ngamanzi xa kwakhona engena mikvah. Le ingubo iza kuvumela kwisiko echanekileyo baziva bekhululekile phambi kwabagwebi. Le ndoda, ngokuchaseneyo abafazi musa ukunxiba kwaye ihlala emanzini. Iijaji bachitha incoko encinane kunye umviwa, wacela ukuba ukuphinda-ukwamkela imiyalelo kunye neentsikelelo nithethe kwi dip yesibini.

Bati kulo mzekelo luphawu yokuzalwa ngokutsha ngokomoya goy (non-umYuda), yakhe yokucoca kunye ukuyilwa gerom, ie ukuguqula. Emva kokugqitywa Twyla ndikuthambise lakhe igama lesiHebhere. umntu lakhe ukhetha kwangaphambili. Utsho kuphetha non-mJuda kubuYuda. Ekupheleni kwaso rep entsha lifumana isiqinisekiso sokugqitywa soguqulo.

Izizathu ezibangela ukuba ebuJudeni

On kuyo isonjululwe abantu ngokunyanisekileyo nokuphupha ukuphila ngokuvisisana nemithetho ukuba unqulo, yonke imithetho ngoMdali ukugcina isithethe sabantu abanyuliweyo. Phakathi kwazo kukho into eninzi yamaYuda ngokuzalwa, kungekhona nemithetho zobuYuda. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka izalamane yamaYuda kuphela kwicala zooyise. Aba bantu bafuna ukubuyela iingcambu zabo.

Lo mbuzo ubuzwe ngokunxulumene ebuYudeni ayikho esisiseko. Ubukho amaYuda emthini usapho, Kakade ke, iya kuchaphazela kakuhle, kodwa yayibaluleke ukuba koorabhi namanje ukusulungeka kweenjongo.

Uguqulo ebuJudeni ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu yokuzingca, umzekelo, ngenxa yokuba umtshato kwaSirayeli okanye ngenxa umnqweno eyeyomzuzwana ukwenza utshintsho oluphawulekayo ebomini, loo nto ithathwa ayamkelekanga. Abantu phithi nezimvo ezinjalo, koorabhi banyanzeleka ukuba phezulu, okanye kwenzeka iguquka bogus kubuYuda. Yintoni na yaye iza kuba yintoni nempembelelo? ukuguqulwa wasentsomini ebuJudeni kucingwa ukuba sicelo ngamaYuda akayi ukugcina imithetho, okanye hayi ekuqaleni yaqalisa ukwenza kubo emva giur kwanenjongo ukuphila ubomi abangamalungisa waba eyiyo.

izibonelo ezinjalo koorabhi bazama ukuphepha. Noko ke, zithi zenzeke. lixoki Giyur ukuba nilenze emva kweminyaka, ukuba ndiya kukubuyisa iingxaki ezinkulu ubomi intsapho yakhe, ngoko ke kufuneka pre-ucinge ngokuba ukuya nenkohliso.

Yintoni Kufuneka kukhunjulwe?

Abantu abanqwenela ngokunyanisekileyo ukwenza ebuYudeni, kufuneka uqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba indlela yabo yokuphila, baya ebuJudeni, iza utshintsho olubalulekileyo. Emva ngenzuzo Twyla baya kufuneka ubonakale aziphathe amaYuda oyinyaniso. ERashiya, njengoko kwamanye amazwe kunye inkolo namasiko, amaguquka sinokujamelana kakuhle incomprehension phezu yinxalenye yentsapho zamaKristu, okanye abasemzini.

Amadoda kukhula eguye kunye mfushane ezintlafunweni. Kwiindawo zikawonke ukuba sinxibe iminqwazi (okanye imfumba hat). Malunga imibala esimnandi ngeempahla kunye nempahla yokunxiba, ezifana ibhulukhwe okanye T-shirt, kuya kufuneka ukuba ukulibala. Baya kuya kufuneka ukuba kufakwe iisuti okanye zangaphantsi. Musa ukulibala malunga lwamaJuda tallit-skating.

Abasetyhini bashiye izihlangu eziphakamileyo isithende, banxibe kunye neckline nzulu, eqaqambileyo make-up yaye liya kukhetha kumfanekiso othobekileyo yaye enyulu. abafazi abatshatileyo nesigqubuthelo entloko nge isikhafu okanye ufake kwi iwigi.

NgoMgqibelo, iguquka kufuneka ayeke emsebenzini kunye nexesha ukunikela kwezinye iintsuku zemfundo-self zonqulo. engadli zitshintshile. Ukususela yehagu kunye umvundla, umzekelo, kuya kufuneka ukuba ube phezulu. Kwaye yinto nje imizekelo embalwa utshintsho ebomini.

Zekhompyutha yaye ebuJudeni

Ukuba bathe yika umntu, ukuba isibheno kwinkundla oorabhi. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka ziqondwe kakuhle into afuna ebuJudeni ukuba: okutsha, Conservative okanye Orthodox. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kuphela yamva ithathwa kwaSirayeli okwenyaniso.

Reform and course Conservative ubuYuda aphike into yokuba ezasungulwa uMdali. ITorah abameli babo - ngaphezu akukho ngaphezu kokuba uhlobo lokuziphatha zingatshintshwa ngokungqinelana neemfuno zale mihla, ngelilixa ukuqondwa yobu waphezulu imithetho kunye ukuphunyezwa - iimeko okugunyazisiweyo ukuguqulwa.

Ezi nkundla azikho onegunya. zizigwebo zazo kuxhomekeke kukuhlaselwa ezininzi. Zekhompyutha, lo giyur yokugqibela loHlaziyo okanye endala kufumana ingqalelo evela kubantu bakwaSirayeli. Kungenzeka, kuya kufuneka wenze inkqubo isicelo kubuYuda kwakhona, kodwa kwinkundla eyahlukileyo.

Ekhaya of the Orthodox ebuJudeni?

E Moscow ngemiba ukuguqulwa ngundoqo kwi rabbinate, nto leyo ikhokelwe Berl Lazar. Phantsi kwesikhokelo oyiNtloko Rabi of Russia yabamba iintlanganiso Beit Din. Bazimisela bayahlelwa labaviwa amaYuda. In Russia kukho kuphela goy uyakwazi ukutshintsha ibe nge- epheleleyo-epheleleyo incoko kwaye kwamkelwa liSebe amaSirayeli ngenxa yabo.

Yiya kwi-Central Rabbinate ukuya ulwamkelo ngasekunene soguqulo bathole izithethe akusayi kusebenza. Oku lwandulelwe ixesha elide uqeqesho. Iikhosi zifumaneka simahla, kodwa zivaliwe. Fumana ukuba umntu abe nethuba kuphela ngemvume enokuba Rabhi sobeseduyuschego zicelo. Noko ke, ukuze idinga asinto ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala kufuneka ukuba ufumane ingcebiso yesikhungu urabhi ebhaliweyo ekuhlaleni. Le meko kuyimfuneko ukuze yokusebenza.

Umbuzo othi, njani ukuba enye indoda engumYuda ndawo apho kwindlu yesikhungu ayikho? Kulo mzekelo, i-Central Rabbinate Kucetyiswa ukuba ukufudukela kwelinye isixeko. Kwaye oku kuphela uvavanyo lokuqala usendleleni yokuba gerom.

Utyelelo lokuqala ukuya kwindlu yesikhungu

Ayisafuni nakucaciswa yona into yokuba lo mntu lowo isigqibo ukuya urabhi, sele isitokhwe encinane ulwazi. Wayifunda ulwazi oluninzi kumxholo namdla bade baqalisa ukufunda Torah ufunde isiHebhere. Ngoko wenza a lot of ukhetho amathuba amaYuda. ERashiya, akukho ukunqongophala neencwadi zezifundo, ngoko imfundo-self angenza nganye.

Ukuba ulwazi oluncinane zobuYuda kunye nemfuneko yokomoya gqolo iqeqesha yezithethe zonqulo, indoda waya endlwini yesikhungu ukuthetha urabhi. Xa incoko naye amaYuda umgqatswa elizayo ofana ngokunyaniseka amava akhe. Le urabhi, nazo, ukuze avunyelwe ukuba aye kwindlu yesikhungu, ukuthandaza, yiya kwiiklasi ezizodwa umthetho, ukwazisa amalungu oluntu yamaYuda. Kwaye oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba, ehamba esebenzayo, abantu bafumane amava kunye nolwazi, ukuqinisekisa abafowunelwa. Ukuba rabbi uyohlwaywa ngabo ngokunyaniseka bakhe nobukrelekrele, uya kunika iingcebiso eziyimfuneko.

Udliwano-ndlebe ne Rabi

Emva kokufumana kwabo, esi sicelo abanesakhono ebuJudeni unako ukwenza idinga ukuba Rabbinate Central. Kufuneka sibuye ngexesha elimisiweyo, uze ugcwalise iphepha lemibuzo elifutshane. Emva koko, lo Rabhi umgqatswa elizayo ziya ukuthetha.

Isifundo wentetho iya kuba ikakhulu isizathu sokuba eyabangela umntu ukucinga malunga iguquka kubuYuda. Rabi ubuza imibuzo emininzi ngokuphathelele indlela yobomi yomviwa, izalamane zakhe nabafowunelwa kunye noluntu yamaYuda, funda iincwadi malunga lobuYuda kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elizayo.

Phendula kubo buyinyaniso. Le urabhi, owaziyo kakuhle kwimibandela sokuguqula, okuqonda, kwaye nayiphi imeko aya kufikelela inyaniso. Njengomgaqo, siqulethe umviwa elizayo sencoko ngaphezu kwesinye isizathu sokuba le ndoda yagqiba ukwamkela kumaYuda.

Of umdla ezithile ubudlelwane intsapho yabantu. Ukuba umviwa utshatile okanye nje ukungena kuyo, urabhi wamcela ukuba eze kunye isibini yakhe. Emva giyur iya kuba kunokwenzeka kuphela xa onke amalungu entsapho bazimisele ukuba aqhubeke nezithethe zamaYuda.

Ilungiselela ebuJudeni

Xa Rabhi Ndowuseza uhluthe neenjongo elimhlonelayo uThixo umntu, uya ungawuchaza eklasini. Ukuba umfaki-sicelo a ri ni ndyangu, uqeqesho ibandakanya onke amalungu ayo abadala. Abantwana kufuneka ukuba beze kwizikolo zamaYuda.

Goy eklasini baya kuba nako ukuhlola ubuJuda ngokupheleleyo. nezimaphambili ezingundoqo ye unqulo, ezifana zaseKosher nesabatha, kwakunye imithandazo imithetho, uya kuchazelwa ukuba umviwa ngexesha loqeqesho. Kwaye ngethuba yona ndasukuzana ukuba ebuJudeni uyakuqonda kuphela icala theoretical component umba.

Umele atyelele rhoqo eMoscow yesikhungu, ukuseka ubudlelwane nobuhlobo kunye noluntu yamaYuda. Umviwa uya kuthatha phezu ukusekelwa omnye iintsapho zamaYuda.

Yokuphila ukuguqulwa ukuya non-umYuda

isicelo ezithile ukuba enkundleni oorabhi ukubona indlela uqeqesho, kwaye ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinjongo zakhe nangoku kakhulu.

Kwintlanganiso nganye, loo mviwa ufumana imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo leyo imiyalelo ukuba bagcine. Emva ukuqhuba ubomi bamaYuda ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba uguqulelo ebuYudeni uthathwa isono. Umzekelo, uyakwazi ukubona ngokupheleleyo isabatha, phambi kokuba iguquka kubuYuda. Ntoni na, kuchazela ootitshala kule khosi yaye njani ukuthobela nayo, iya kunika ingcebiso kwinkundla zoorabhi. Self-intando kwimiba enjalo alwamkelekanga, ngakumbi njengoko koorabhi bemlalele zonke iwadi ize ibhungisane rhoqo malunga nemicimbi bakhe amalungu oluntu kunye nootitshala.

Ukulungiselela umviwa kuthatha umlinganiselo iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Xa ulwazi lwakhe uya kufumana ngakumbi, yaye ukulungele ukuba baphile ubomi kwamYuda olilungisa, ngoko kuya kubizwa intlanganiso ye-Beit Din.

Zokuvota enkundleni

Kukho umviwa kunye nekhadi ID, kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo iincwadi zokuyalezwa: urabhi yesikhungu, amalungu oluntu kunye nosapho ehamba.

Inkundla oorabhi ayikhuthazwa ukuza yedwa. Plus uya kuba kaGrant abahlobo kunye nabamelwane zonqulo. Ngelo kwetyala, kufuneka babekho kule khosi abahlohli, umququzeleli kunye nosapho onelungelo. Ukuba umviwa indoda enokwenzeka okanye inkosikazi umfazi okanye indoda,, ukuya kwabo kusisinyanzelo, kuba bobabini kufuneka babonise ulwazi lwabo kunqulo kunye nokuzimisela ukugcina imithetho.

Abagwebi baya ukubuza imibuzo kunye goy nabantwana. Noko ke, ukuba mancinane kakhulu, izicwangciso zezemfundo yazo kufuneka babelane abazali.

Yintoni angacela nomgwebi?

Beit Din, nto leyo ikhokelwe Berl Lazar, ikhuphe isigwebo emva kokuqwalasela Kwimeko yomviwa, iincwadi zokuyalezwa, kwakunye incoko ngqo kunye naye.

Imibuzo eziya kucelwa ijaji zingangqamana imbali yamaYuda, izithethe, imithandazo, imicimbi emikhulu kunye engumfuziselo iTorah. Xa yawa Temple kaSolomon? Indlela ukupheka intlanzi zaseKosher? Apho ke wakhula umprofeti uMoses? AmaJuda ukugubha yePuri? Ngamanye amaxesha abagwebi bacelwa ukuba avakalise iivesi yokuthandaza. Basics zobuJuda eeNtlanga, esithi ubume sule, kufuneka wazi ngokupheleleyo.

Le ngxoxo iza kuba elide kunye ngokucokisekileyo. Ngexesha abagwebi bawo ukuze bazame ukweyisela umvavanywa ukuthatha giyur, bethetha zonke yamashwa yamaYuda. Yinto uhlobo kuvavanyo lwe-sicelo. Xa abagwebi ukufumana ulwazi ngokwaneleyo kwincoko, kuya kubizwa umviwa kwixesha ukuba baphume kwelo gumbi. Emva kwentlanganiso emfutshane siya kukhutshwa isigqibo kwi sigwebo phambi kwakhe.

Isigqibo senkundla

Judges singenza isigqibo esibi okanye esihle malunga sokuguqula. Kwimeko yokuqala, zikhomba izikhewu kunokwenzeka ulwazi nokucebisa ukuba ulinde sisigqibo uxanduva esinjalo. Intlanganiso entsha iya kuqhutywa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.

Kwimeko isigqibo omhle abagwebi umviwa ukhethe igama lesiHebhere. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko oko kwangaphambili. Noko ke, ukuba umviwa akukho iinketho, ijaji wamthembisa ezimbalwa oza kukhetha kuyo, aze ke anike umntu kwicala le Brit Mila kunye twill.

Umfazi okhulelweyo, pretender ukwazisa abagwebi isikhundla sakhe giyur aya kusebenza kwakhona umntwana. Kwaye, ukuba kukhawulweyo emva twill, kuya kuba elilinganayo iwonga emntwini, owayezalwa ngamaYuda, yaye ke ukuba akunjalo, ngoko - zekhompyutha.

Zekhompyutha ebuJudeni

An mbuzo umdla, kodwa yintoni na imeko labaguqukileyo ekuhlaleni yamaYuda? Enoba ngamalungu yinxalenye nto? Imbonakalo emehlweni amaYuda zekhompyutha? Xa Tanach (iSibhalo) uthi amaYuda ukuba siyahambelana iguquka ngentlonelo, njengabantu abalinganayo ungamxinzeleli phantsi, ukuba ukudelela kwaye hayi ukuba akhohlise. Ukongeza, iintlanga ezininzi yamandulo, ibe Gere waba ngumntu obalulekileyo, nto leyo abantu khumbula unanamhla.

Ngoko, kwi neTanakh ikhankanya umMowabhikazi uRute, iguquka ebuJudeni abe makhulu enkulu kaKumkani uDavide. umfanekiso wakhe umlawuli luthathwa lophumelele. Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe omnye yamaYuda, ngenxa yohlanga yakhe uMesiya, wayethunywe nguThixo ukuba asindise ihlabathi kuzisa isiqabu ukubandezeleka koonyana bakaSirayeli.

Sithathe ebuJudeni abangamaYuda uyise-umseki kuMoses Itro, yaye uRahabhi, unina yokuqala umprofeti uYeremiya noHezekile. Indlela Tanah ubonisa gerom ibe mbi akukho ngaphezu kokuba ungumYuda. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko omnye isekhona. Guqula akakwazi kuqhina ngeqhina lomtshato kunye Cohen (umbingeleli).

Ekuphetheni

Ngoko sizicingele indlela ukuba ungumJuda. Kuhleli kuphela ukoyisa imiqobo endleleni eya njongo. Kodwa akufuneki edidekile umntu, efuna ukuzibandakanya abantu bakwaSirayeli. ikholwa ntiyiso emasangweni ubomi zamalungisa ihlala ivulekile, yaye sinokuqiniseka ukuba uya kudlula zonke iimvavanyo kwindlela kubo, lunozuko.