Division Blue. 250 Division of amavolontiya Spanish

Amanyeneyo isekutyakatyweni kusingelwe phantsi kwe eSoviet Union iphambili yaseJamani eRomania eFinland. Ezi kamva bekunye eBulgaria, Estonia, Italy, Lithuania, Latvia, Albania, Croatia naseSlovakia. Kwakukho kwelinye ilizwe, Germany engenayo kwaye ayikho kwimo imfazwe eSoviet Union, nangona kunjalo, unikwe ntliziyo ukuba bakhonze kwicala lwe eJamani. Yaba Spain.

History of eSpain waphawula ukuba kanye kuphela, ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, abalwa yawo nxamnye Russian, kodwa emva koko Franco wakuphepha inxaxheba evulekileyo emfazweni, lo gama kugcinwe cala. Ezinye iimeko apho la mazwe mabini inxaxheba kule mpi kwi ngapha nangapha, wayengekho. Funda ngakumbi ngezi ziganeko IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Kungalo ngalo mbandela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba hlula enye kuphela walwa eSoviet Union. Loo "Blue Division" iSpanish, okanye 250-I, olu sapho lwaluquka ntliziyo iSpanish. Kuyinto ukuba abo balwa ngexesha Second World War kwicala lwe eJamani. Zithathwa abalwa ngegama swi "yokuhlasela iSpanish", eli candelo ngenene ngumxube amajoni rhoqo, amalungu Phalangist wamajoni kunye amagqala kweMfazwe Civil. "Blue Division" yayiyilwe izinqumo Spanish. Kwakugcwele omnye zokudubula webutho, kunye nomkhosi ezine. Ngenxa kwiCandelo iihempe blue kwathiwa igama "Blue Division". Blue waye uhlobo le ndlela yokuhlasela.

Isikhundla Spain emfazweni

Kuba engafuni ukuba bazobe eSpeyin ekuhleni empini kwicala waseJamani, yaye kwangaxeshanye befuna ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko eli lizwe kunye indlela kule ndlela yokuhlasela, Francisco Franco ibanjelwe ngexesha cala bexhobile, ngaloo ndlela Ndiyahamba ngaphambili empumalanga ngokwahlulwa waseJamani lamavolontiya ababefuna ukuya kulwa eSoviet Union kwicala waseJamani. De jure, Spain wagqiba nokungakhethi cala, kungekhona inxalenye namahlakani baseJamani wavakalisa imfazwe kwi-USSR.

nezizathu sokuzithandela

Imbali Spain sele inxulunyaniswe bayahlelwa eSoviet Union phambi imfazwe. Kungekudala, uMphathiswa weMicimbi Foreign, ngowe-1941, ngoJuni 24 yabhengeza ukuba ukuyilwa kwalo candelo, besithi eSoviet Union unetyala le-Spanish Civil War, eyaqala ngo-1936, xa Franco ikhokelwa nabalwi wesizwe abaqalise kwase exhobileyo. Atyhola eSoviet Union kwaye oku imfazwe yayitsala waza wathabatha babulawelwa khona ezingezizo ezenkundla, ekubulaweni kwenqwaba. Isifungo kuye kwatshintsha kwisivumelwano kunye amaJamani. Amajoni ayithatha loo isifungo nxamnye yobukomanisi, hayi uMlawuli.

Ezahlukeneyo aba lokukhuthazwa amavolontiya, leyo lwaluquka 250 ICandelo: umnqweno ukuziphindezelela izalamane wabulawa imfazwe yamakhaya, ukuba umnqweno ukubaleka (ukusuka Republican yangaphambili, awayenzayo ubuninzi zokukhetha ukuya eSoviet Army). Kwakukho amadoda wayefuna ngokwenene ukuba kucanyagushelwe kwakhe kwixa elidlulileyo uhambele. Amaninzi ngayo ngenxa yezizathu zokuzingca. umvuzo ofanelekileyo ufunyenwe apho abasebenzi zomkhosi ixesha, plus kwaba sekunjalo umvuzo German (7.3 peseta yi-Government of Spain kunye iJamani ukususela 8,48 ngosuku).

besigaba

Ayefikelela 18693 karma Division (ezintlwini 15780 asezantsi, ngowe-2272 amagosa non-wathuma, amagosa 641) wemka ngo-1941, ngoJulayi 13, ukususela Madrid, waza wasiwa eJamani emkhosini elide iiveki ezintlanu Grafenwöhr emhlabeni yoqeqesho. Augustin Munoz Grandes, kwiMfazwe Civil gqala, yaba umphathi wokuqala kwelo candelo. Amajoni yodwa, ukuqalela Poland, unyawo Matshi ukuya phambili. Emva koko, le "Blue Division" yanikwa i Wehrmacht njengoko elihamba 250th. Ngenxa ubulungu balo lonke ixesha sele abantu abangaphezu kwama-40 amawaka (ngaphezu kwama-50 amawaka -. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo) ..

Umlo kunye Russian ngexesha wawalwela eLeningrad

"Blue Division" ibanjelwe e eLeningrad zokhuselo kwakujongwa songqamano olubuthathaka kakhulu kwi umyalelo eSoviet. Ngoko ke, ebudeni ukusebenza ebizwa ngokuba "North Star", ejolise ukukhululwa kweNqila Leningrad yaye yabanjwa kwindawo phantse-60 km (ngaphantsi boron ebomvu) wabalaselisa zaba amandla encinane, ezingenakulinganiswa nakwimozulu embi kwaye kunzima namageduka ukunika ikhefu ngokupheleleyo ngaphambili, nangona yayize kunye umgama ebalulekileyo.

Kule ndawo baba amadabi abaziingwanyalala macala omabini. ngezigaba phambili isithuba se Red Army, ngubani wakwazi ukuba atyhudise, lokuhlaselwa nangegxalaba anqamka evela koovimba babo kunye uphathwe uwafake isiphumo kwindawo esinzima. iiyunithi ukubetha kusala kungekho iimbumbulu kunye nokutya, kwafuneka ukuba lirhoxe okusingqongileyo kuya imeko "Blue Division".

Emva uphume lungquzulwano okusingqongileyo kunye ukhohlakale ezahlukeneyo Spanish kunye ngokukhawuleza. Abaphandi, ingakumbi, i isiqephu xa iqela Russian, ndingenabo obam phantse iziqhushumbisi emthethweni, nobusuku ndachwechwa ukuya amaphenyane, apho amajoni waphumla olova "Blue Division". Engena amaphenyane, amajoni wabatshabalalisa iingalo abandayo yotshaba.

Kuchaphazela ngakumbi ingqeqesho baseSpeyin

Kuchaphazela ngakumbi ingqeqesho amajoni baseSpeyin wabonakaliswa nkqu ePoland. Wanyamalala wathabatha amadoda eziliqela neempahla zokunxiba. Babanjwa amaGestapo, kuba ngathi amaYuda ngenxa imbonakalo emnyama. Emva kokuba ukudubula, ekhulula namaqabane abo. Morozov, usodolophu Novgorod, wabulawa lijoni evela ezandleni "Blue Division".

Abasemagunyeni ahlelwe ukunikezelwa yobisi abafazi abakhulelweyo. Bonke umgca ntsasa nganye. Ngokuthe ngcembe oko yaqala ukuba bajoyine amajoni yeli candelo. Bathi Zinokuxutywa okhulelweyo ngoxolo ngaphandle kokufuna excess ngokwayo - ifunyenwe kuphela ulawulo jikelele, wazisusa. Kodwa Morozov liyakhathaza kukunqongophala ubisi. Waya kwibhunga lesixeko, phantsi ngezinyuko omnye baseSpeyin. Wavele waza wadubula kuye nompu.

Iindibaniso ngempumelelo ophezulu sloppiness kunye

Le indibanisela sloppiness kunye ngempumelelo ophezulu jikelele Halder waphawula emva lokulwa Red Janai. Wabayala ukuba xa ubona ndabona enga, ukunxila ijoni kunye ingubo unbuttoned, akukho mfuneko sukela ukumbamba, ekubeni oku mhlawumbi hero Spanish.

Kwakukho iimeko rhoqo utshintsho phakathi amajoni Division kwicala Russian, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba ukutya kakuhle kunye krwada amagosa akhe.

Ohlel uxhulumaniso, Isiphelo sakhe

Ngowe-1943, ngo-Oktobha 20, Francisco Franco ngenxa yoxinzelelo zangaphandle isigqibo ukurhoxa ngaphambili "iBlue Division" kwaye baseLimpopo joint. Noko ke, abantu baseSpeyin amaninzi wahlala ngokuzithandela kwi iminqongo umkhosi waseJamani phambi imfazwe. Kuba engafuni ukuba baphelelwe amandla amajoni zabo, amaJamani wavula ukukhuthazwa amavolontiya yokuzibandakanya kwaba phantsi umyalelo waseJamani, "isiJamani Foreign NdinguMkhosi." Baba, njengoko umthetho, imikhosi SS (elihamba Division of the Wehrmacht), ngubani walwa de kube sekupheleni. Ide emuva e Berlin ingqongwe walwa malunga 7 amawaka. Spanish.

Kwi-post-imfazwe Spain, abaninzi amajoni owayesakuba yeli candelo wenza umsebenzi ngempumelelo emkhosini kamva.

Umlinganiselo amadoda lahlule ibandla kunye nenkolo

igunya elikhulu e Spain Franco ilizwe laxhamla unqulo kunye nebandla. Ngethuba neziqhushumbisi, umzekelo, kwi kwawo esembindini ibekwe Veliky Novgorod Hagia Sophia wafumana sabaleka ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yoko, ndaqalisa eziwisa umnqamlezo emhlabeni. iinjineli Spanish ndayihlangula, wambuyisela ngexesha lemfazwe, waza yena wathunyelwa kwilizwe labo lasekhaya.

Naphantsi uhlala Franco kwi 70s, umnqamlezo wema Engineering Academy. Umbhalo ngaphantsi efunda, ukuba eSpeyin ukho yokugcina eRashiya yaye uza kubuya nini urhulumente yamaBolshevik uya kunyamalala. Ulawulo eSoviet emva kwemfazwe etyholwa ukuphanga baseSpeyin, ngubani na isibetho Novgorod Antiquities. Baphendula Church of the abangena eYerusalem ukuya Eziko, kunye Palace Archbishop abazange ezigcinwa kuyo. "Blue Division" ngaphambili yasempuma uye uninzi iconostasis for iinkuni. Ngokupheleleyo wayitshisa ukuba Znamensky Cathedral "ngenxa yokungakhathali".

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iingcango yeetempile yamandulo babengene imibhalo ayabiza in Spanish kwaye isiJamani, kodwa isiSpanish nakweyiphi akabaphulaphulanga yaye waqhubeka kuphanga ibandla Russian. Phantse onke amabandla Novgorod wakhathazwa baseSpeyin. Ndafumanisa ukuba xa bekhangela njengezikhumbuzo iinjineli basiwa eSpeyin kunye emnqamlezweni of St. Nozipho Cathedral, kusithiwa nje zwi સ્પ્રેડપત્રક. Iyabuya ngo-2004.

ubudlelwane German ukuba amajoni Spanish

Bonke ababhali-mbali bathi phakathi ubhalo Spanish kunye nesiJamani baba umahluko omkhulu. BaseJamani baseSpeyin otyholwa komama, nezimilo, nabaqheleneyo nabantu basekuhlaleni, ingakumbi amabhinqa. Ukuzama ukondla amavolontiya banikwe umgangatho, nto leyo amandla elihamba Division of the Wehrmacht, yajika enziwa kakhulu. Ukusuka kwesi sidlo owa isimo salo ngamajoni, leyo i "Blue Division" ngaphambili empumalanga. Kuphela konke oko, emva iintetho-kwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye kwizikhundla Turkish ziintlumayo nee-ertyisi wabalekiselwa ngaphambili empumalanga.

Noko ke, amaJamani baqiniseka ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuba ukunqongophala ingqeqesho ukwenza uqulukubhode zobuqhawe baseSpeyin ayizange iphazamise. Kungekudala emva kokuba uloyiso waqalisa ukumbuyisela amabanjwa amaJamani, abantu baseSpeyin baba nako 'ukuhlala ngaphandle " kokufa kukaStalin kunye uxolelo ezilandelayo. ezingxoxweni zabo nxi ezenziweyo, kodwa watsho phantsi. Emva Franco kwafuneka kwakhona ukuba benze umdlalo bokuphathisana a ngoku emfazweni "iqhosha lokulayita".

"Division iBlue" (zinja)

ERashiya, kukho kwakhona icandelo igama elifanayo. Ukususela ngo-1972, ukususela ngoMatshi, 150 ezizimoto Rifle Division, ekwabizwa ngokuba 'Blue ", omi Borze. It is a dolophu kwi Trans-izimvu Territory, 378 yeekhilomitha ukusuka Chita. Abemi layo abantu 29405. Borzya-3 ( "Blue Division") akananto yakwenza amabutho iSpanish.