Cavaliers Full of St. George - kuluhlu. Isidoda Mihaylovich Budenny, Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev Rodion Malinovsky

George lweRibbon, nto leyo kwi-19 - kwinkulungwane yama-20 iye fixed emnqamlezweni kunye umfanekiselo njengengcwele, amashumi ezininzi, efuzisela uloyiso lizwe lethu kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Yena unxulumano phakathi Amaqhawe Russian uBukhosi kunye eSoviet Union.

Cavaliers Full of St George kwilizwe lethu babephila ambalele jikelele nkqu yamashumi novalo, xa imemori abantu babeza ukucima konke oko phambi October Revolution. Phakathi kwawo kukho abo kamva waba Hero eSoviet Union, kuquka ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

prehistory

Order of St George wabonakala phezu uludwe Russian Empire Amabhaso 1769. Waba degrees 4 umahluko kwaye senzelwe amagosa. Abanikazi unxibelelwano Order. George aba bantu 4 kuphela:

• MI Kutuzov;
• MB Barclay de Tolly;
• IF Paskevich-Erivan;
• II Dibich-Zabalkansky.

iziko

Kweli nqanaba nto iyaziwa ncam owaqala nokusekwa imihombiso, okanye njengoko kubhaliwe ngakumbi ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuba, i-St George Cross. Ngokutsho lokusinda amaxwebhu, ngo-1807 egameni Alexander I qaphela sele sifakiwe, nto leyo iphakamisa ukusekwa umvuzo zamajoni. Yayiza kuba "isebe eyodwa Order of St George." Le mbono savunywa, kwaye ekuqaleni Februwari 1807 lwapapashwa kupapasho-ahambelanayo.

Kukho iimeko ezininzi akangowesiphithiphithi, kunye nento yokuba lo myalelo edidekile kunye nejoni "egor". Umzekelo, ukuba kubhalwe ukuba waphumelela kwisikolo ngodaba ngo-1881 Colonel Zorya Lev Ivanovich - Full George Knight, oko ngoko nangoko wala ukuba oku impazamo. Eneneni, phakathi namadindala, kwakungekho mntu wawongwa eli kwakhona umnqamlezo-, nevuthisayo, abo umyalelo degrees 4 - II Dibich-Zabaykalsky - wafa ngo-1831.

incazelo

Lo mvuzo umnqamlezo, nto leyo yenziwe yi ekupheleni ikhaba. Xa iziko yayo yi medallion ngeenxa zonke. Le obverse wawubonisa unxibelelwano. George kunye umkhonto wakhe, inyoka. Ngomhla ngasemva medallion kukho oonobumba C no-D oxhulumene ngokohlobo monogram.

Umnqamlezo atyabukile kuzo zonke namhlanje ezaziwayo-kakuhle film 'umsi nelangatye imibala "(black and orange).

Ukususela ngo1856, mbasa iye ukuba isidanga 4. Yokuqala neyesibini zazenziwe ngegolide, kunye nabanye ababini - eyenziwe ngesiliva. On the reverse ibonisa ubungakanani umvuzo kunye nenombolo serial.

Kwakukho ayebaluleke "Muslim" Uluhlu lwemenu. Aba ingubo Russian lwesizwe baboniswa endaweni njengengcwele zamaKristu. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba abantu abavela North Caucasus kunye nebhaso "egor" wafuna ukubanika ukhetho "kunye jigit", endaweni yokuba a.

Ngowe-1915, ngenxa iingxaki ezibangelwa yimfazwe, iqabele 1st kunye izidanga 2nd baqalisa ukuvelisa intsila leyo 60% yayiquka zegolide, 39.5 - isilivere kunye nesiqingatha ipesenti point - ukusuka zezobhedu. Ngelo xesha uphawula-3 kunye izidanga 4 zange phantsi ukutshintsha.

yanikezelwa

Eyokuqala George Cross ehlotyeni ka-1807 yaba igosa non-ethunywe of EI Mitrokhin. Yena Ikhutshelwa sobukhalipha kwakhe edabini kunye isiFrentshi Friedland.

Kukho iimeko ovuzayo zamajoni. Ngoko ke, ngo-1810, i-George Cross imbasa MA wamaFilisti Gerasimov. Ekunye namaqabane akhe, lo mntu okhaliphileyo wabanjwa Russian yabarhwebi inqanawa kuthinjwa umkhosi waseBritani, yaye wakwazi ukuba inqanawa kwizibuko Varde. Kukho emagezeni kwabakhonkwixeyo, nabarhwebi ancediswa. Ukongeza, kuba ubuqhawe emfazweni ka-1812 George Cross ngaphandle amacwecwe mvume ndandifumana ngqwayi zamaqela yabanqolobi of abahlali iklasi elisezantsi.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto umdla enxulumene ibhaso le-George Cross, sinako ukubhale sakhonza odumileyo General Miloradovich. Le ijoni nesibindi kweli dabi Leipzig phambi Alexander ndandiba inkonzo kunye amajoni ndisiya kwi ngentlawulo onencula, kuba abasamkelayo ezandleni * uKhesare "egor", nto leyo engazange bathembele isimo sakhe.

bamalungelo

Chetyrehstepenny cross lweminyaka 57. Kule minyaka ngokupheleleyo George Knight (uluhlu) ezikhuphile abantu malunga 2000. Ngaphezu koko, ehlangana ngomlinganiselo yesibini, yesithathu neyesine bawongwa malunga 7000, 3 neye-4 - 25 000, yaye inqanaba 4 - 205.336.

Ngexesha i-Oktobha Revolution eRashiya, wahlala amakhulu ambalwa Knights ezele St George. Abaninzi kubo wajoyina i-Red Army wabuya wavuka waya ziphezulu USSR. 7 kubo baba Heroes eSoviet Union. Phakathi kwabo:

• Ageev GI (Kuhlolwe);
• SM Budyonny ;
• Trump M.E.;
• Lazarenko IS.;
• Meschryakov MM.;
• Undercuts KI.;
• Tyulenev IV

SM Budyonny

Igama le ubuntu edume waduma iindawo amahashe Russian ngexesha iminyaka leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, kwaye phambi koko - Russian-Japanese. Ngokuba nesibindi kwi imiphambili Austrian, isiJamani kunye abaseAfrika Semyon Mikhailovich wawongwa iminqamlezo kunye iimbasa degrees 4.

ibhaso lakhe lokuqala yafunyanwa elaneleyo lokufakwa ezikhaphayo isiJamani kunye namajoni akhe 8. Kodwa Budennogo ndayihluthwa into yokuba wamxabela igosa layo. Oku akuzange kumthintele zonke enye ukufumana uluhlu "elipheleleyo Cavaliers of St. George," njengoko ngaphambili Turkish yobudoda Budenny ifumene 3 George Cross kwi Kwidabi evenini, Mendelidzh nowokugqibela (isidanga sokuqala) - elaneleyo lokufakwa yotshaba amajoni-7. Ngenxa yoko, waba yindoda, wafumana amabhaso-5.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, esungula ukusekwa kwe-First-Calvary Army, yaye ngowe-1935 yena kunye nabanye ngqwayi ezine USSR wawongwa isihloko Marshal.

Ngexesha Second World War yobudoda Budenny na ithuba lokubonisa ubuchule babo, ekubeni wasuswa umyalelo we-South-ntshona phambi iitelegram, leyo ochazwe ngeliphandle ingozi esongela abo kwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-bag Kiev.

Emva kwemfazwe, umphathi waba izihlandlo ezithathu Hero eSoviet Union.

Kuzma Petrovich Trubnikov

Eli nani edume uye wabandakanyeka kwiimfazwe ezintathu. Kuba izenzo ezenziwa kwisithuba ukususela ngo-1914 ukuya 1917, uye waphumelela iimbasa ezininzi. Ngokukodwa, uluhlu "elipheleleyo Cavaliers of St. George" iqulethe igama lakhe. Akukho ngaphantsi ngesibindi, yena wahlukile ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, ukuba alungiselele ukhuseleko Tula, mpembelelo zamandla okuqhuba ngexesha Idabi Stalingrad njengomyalelo uyiphathisiweyo iindawo kwinkululeko Yelnya naye njalo-njalo. On Parade Trubnikov Uloyiso, ngelo xesha sele imbasa isikhundla sikhulu, abarhola ibhokisi butho labalandeli phambili 2 Byelorussian. Ebudeni elide inkonzo 38 mkhosi bakhe bawongwa imiyalelo kunye iimbasa ze Czarist Russia, eSoviet Union kunye namanye amazwe.

Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev

Ikamva Hero eSoviet Union wazalelwa amalungu entsapho imfazwe Russian-Turkish. Awathunyelwa umkhosi ekuqaleni kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala waya webutho, apho wakhonza kunye KK ngexesha Rokossovsky. Owaqala emfazweni njengokuba lijoni elula, Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev kukhuthazwa ukuba yibhanile kuwe. Kuba ubuqhawe ekulweni kwi kummandla Poland, kuba amaxesha amane imbasa George Cross. Ngemihla yakudala angels Tyulenev wamiselwa umthetheli-Southern Front, kodwa ngoAgasti yena kakhulu watyunyuzwa, yaye emva esibhedlele, yena wathunyelwa Urals ukuze kwakhiwe amaqela 20. Ngowe-1942, i-ngqwayi wathumela eCaucasus. Xa isicelo sakhe ukuziphendulela Range Main kuqiniswe kwixesha elizayo ukunqanda kwangaphambili ngamaNazi, eba Injongo sizuze namasimi ioli kummandla oLwandle lweCaspian.

Ngowe-1978, ngegalelo layo nokukhuselwa lizwe kunye ekuphuculeni ubuchule ikhusele eli lizwe IV Tuleneva wanikwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union kwaye wayengomnye amajoni ezisixhenxe obalaseleyo zanikwa iwonga liphezulu eSoviet Union, kunye isihloko "Full George Knight of leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi."

RJ Malinowski

Ikamva Marshal ye-USSR xa eneminyaka engama-11, wabaleka wemka ekhaya ngenxa yokuba umtshato sikanina kunye ezibolileyo de ube bangena umkhosi, wabele ngokwakhe iminyaka emibini. Le nkohliso uyaziwa, kodwa elivisayo wayekwazi ukuba beyiseke ukuba ashiye umyalelo kuzisa gunners emthethweni. Ngowe-1915, nesoldati oneminyaka eli-17 ubudala yokuqala "egor 'yakhe. Emva koko wathunyelwa eFransi njengenxalenye Expeditionary Force, apho bawongwa kabini ngurhulumente weRiphabliki yesiThathu. Ngowe-1919 Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky abhalisela kwi Foreign Legion, nangenxa sobukhalipha yakhe phambi yaseJamani yaba knight ye-French Military Cross. Ukongeza, ukulandelelana Jikelele D. Shcherbachev Kolchak yena wawongwa Umnqamlezo of St. George ngomlinganiselo wesithathu.

Ngowe-1919 Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe waza waba inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Civil, kwaye ekupheleni 30 wathunyelwa ngumcebisi yasemkhosini ukuya eSpeyin.

Igalelo gqitha ukuba umphathi ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngokukodwa, abantu phantsi umyalelo wakhe akhululwe Odessa, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo Idabi Stalingrad, amaNazi bagxothwa Budapest naseVienna wayithabatha.

Emva kokuba imfazwe eYurophu Malinovsky wathunyelwa eMpuma Ekude, apho iintshukumo Trans-izimvu Front kwakhokelela ekugqibeleni kwabo woyisa iqela Japanese. Kuba impumelelo yalo msebenzi, Rodion bawongwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, inkwenkwezi egolide yesibini yanikezelwa kuye ngowe-1958.

Ezinye iinkokeli zomkhosi eSoviet oza anobukroti George Cross

Soldier "egor" ngaphambi kokuba revolution zaye zanikwa kunye nezinye amasoldati Imperial Army, leyo isiphelo wabumisela ukuze sibe njengele adumileyo eSoviet Union. Phakathi kwabo zinikwa zihlangane Georgiya Zhukova, Sidor Kovpak kunye uKonstantin Rokossovsky. Ukongeza, ezintathu ezifana amabhaso nimazile ligorha Civil War V. Chapaev.

Ngoku uyazi iinkcukacha ngabantu abathile ezinye emkhosini ophambili, nto leyo zihlelwe njenge "Knight ezele St George." Dwelisa impumelelo yabo, kanye ke ifanelwe intlonipho nombulelo abantwana, abakukhathaleleyo bayahlelwa lizwe.