Calcium phosphate

Tribasic phosphoric acid iifomu kunye iintlobo ezintathu iityuwa calcium. Le calcium hydrogen phosphate CaHPO4, calcium dihydrogen phosphate Ca (H2PO4) 2 kunye orthophosphate, okanye calcium phosphate, ogama formula siyinikwe: Ca3 (PO4) 2. Le ityuwa i into ezingaphiliyo, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo yinto eqinileyo, kwaye abapase engamanzi (inyibilika) kubushushu kunene 1200 C. Ubuninzi ilingana 2,81 g / cm³, ubunzima izinyo - 310,2 g / nolovane. Calcium phosphate ayiqondakali enyibilikayo emanzini: kwi-20 ° C iqhezu ubunzima nto ayidluli 0,0025%. Ngokwahlukileyo ezinye iikhompawundi, inqanaba ukunyibilika kwayo kunciphisa ngokwandayo lobushushu. Ngenxa yoko, zivula le ityuwa uyakwazi ukwenza iidipozithi.

Calcium phosphate i crystalline okumhlophe, nto leyo eyinxalenye apatite izimbiwa (bobabo iklasi ka-phosphate eziqulathe ukuya kwi 56% cao, malunga nowama-41% P2O5), phosphorite (lokubolekwa ezinezikhondo okanye oxineneyo apatite equlathe ngaphezu kwe-18% P2O5) kunye hydroxyapatite (ingxenye main of ithambo kunye nezilwanyana). Sibonisa imvelaphi iidipozithi of endleni okanye izilwanyana abafileyo. Eminye yimihlaba (umzekelo, Ezilwandle nasemanzini yamandulo) langena ngenxa yobomi "fosforobaktery". Kodwa kwezinye iindawo, iidiphozithi le kwezimbiwa imvelaphi kuphela bezimbiwa. Bonke bephela ezisasazwa kwindalo kwaye zisetyenziswa kuqoqosho lwesizwe.

Apatite i ekrwada eziphathekayo ukuze phosphorus, isichumiso phosphate kunye phosphoric acid, kwakunye esetyenziswa yokunyibilikisa isinyithi ahle kwaye nonferrous ekuvelisweni kweti i-glass kunye yodongwe. izimbiwa yemvelo amatye phosphate imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa sedimentary ngakumbi, zisetyenziswa ukuze iyileyo phambili kunye nokuveliswa izichumisi phosphate. Stocks phosphorites kunye apatites zibaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo, ekubeni hayi kuphela kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa izichumisi, kodwa njengomthombo calcium lokondla iintaka okanye izilwanyana: zefula calcium phosphate eveliswa ngokungqinelana ne GOST 23999-80.

Mineral zingaphiliyo - apatite - kusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ngaphezu mabini mveliso. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekuvelisweni abrasives, zeglasi kunye neseramikhi, kwakunye ukuvelisa phosphoric acid simahla kunye phosphorus. Inkqubo le ingeniso ngokwale nkqubo: 3SiO2 + Ca3 (PO4) 2 + 5c → 3CaSiO3 + 5CO + 2P. Le nto ke nawo afunwe yokudla: zifumaneka E341 additive ukutya ku GOST P 53945-2010, apho, kunye 1 no-2-endaweni neetyuwa ze phosphoric acid ziquka calcium phosphate. Ukulungiselela le mveliso ibandakanya iimfuno feedstock olungqongqo. Ekuvelisweni kwezithako ukutya ngokusebenzisa acid phosphoric kwibakala A ngokungqinelana ne GOST 10678-76, calcium hayidroksayidi njengako GOST 9262-77 kwaye iikhemikhali sivete ngetshokhwe njengako GOST 8253-79.

Mineral equlethe calcium phosphate, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Hydroxyapatite angamelwa kwifomula 3Sa3 (PO4) 3 • Ca (OH) 2. Yeyona icandelo ephambili yokwakha kunye ithambo. Le bezimbiwa yinxalenye wayesebenzisa kwifomu fluorapatite. Imfuneko yemihla ngemihla ezinkulu phosphorus ayikho kuluhlu ukusuka 800 ukuya 1500 mg. Ngexesha yokucolwa of iikhompawundi phosphorus emzimbeni womntu aphendule isibindi nokulawula le nkqubo iihomoni kunye novithamini D. izifo ezahlukeneyo ngethambo kunye amazinyo eziphuhliswe kunye ukuswela phosphorus emzimbeni. calcium phosphate kuvela ukutya, someleza amazinyo namathambo, kwaye zidityaniswe kunye nezinye izimbiwa ixhasa inkqubo sentliziyo, kuthintela umhlaza colon, ulawule umsebenzi luvo, inxaxheba ekwakheni collagen, inceda cholesterol. I-phosphate zivela endleni, kunye nomchamo mihla yakhululwa malunga 4 g iityuwa acid phosphoric.

Eyona engundoqo imithombo calcium phosphate ukuze abantu - ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi yenkomo, okuziinkozo, incindi enqatyisiweyo, itshizi, bebhokhwe ubisi, nesalmon, ne anchovies. Ukuba kakubi enyibilikayo emanzini calcium phosphate enamandla ophezulu ubisi, ekubeni kukho inkqubo colloidal ngokohlobo micelles - amasuntswana ze core encinane kakhulu ezingenakunyibilika, nto leyo singqongwe iimolekyuli nazinkinga kunye adsorbed ion. Okubandakanywe casein ubisi, ngakumbi ngqo, calcium caseinate, ebhekiselele phosphoproteins, kuba iqulathe iqela phosphate. Noko ke, iingcali Siyaleza ukuthintela agqithisile calcium phosphate, ingakumbi ngokohlobo ukutya enqatyisiweyo kunye nezongezo, xa umntu nokuba ezi zifo zilandelayo: parathyroid, amatye kidney okanye ngexesha unyango oluqhubekayo eziquka antibiotics tetracycline.