Botanical Gardens e Saint-Petersburg: iifoto, ixabiso kunye neshedyuli

Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg - enye yeendawo ethandwa mzi, izinto zayo nebhongo. Okwangoku, ubizwa ngokuba i Botanical Garden of the Botanical Institute of the V. L. Komarova , Russian Academy of Sciences, yaye ngaphambili wawongwa isihloko Imperial Botanical Garden.

Le kwikona yendalo etsala nje abathandi ngobunono kunye nezityalo. iindwendwe Its - abahlali neendwendwe. Botanical Garden - uyindalo elikhethekileyo idibanisa inkathalo emyoli yokwaphuka kwezizwe, kwaye ubuhle yintlahla bendalo.

indaba

Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg yasekwa Peter I ngowe-1713 njengoko avumba limnandi Garden, nguwuphi ukukhula imifuno nezityalo kusetyenziswa amayeza. Yayikumgama kwisiqithi emnyama, leyo igama avumba limnandi kamva. Lo mmandla ngokuthe ukwanda, ngoku igadi mihla iquka iihektare ngaphezulu kwama-16. Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg ukususela ekuqaleni zayo zokusebenza ngokusondeleyo iintlobo zonyango, ezobunzululwazi kunye emfundo nemibutho kunye namashishini kweli lizwe, loo nto yenza izifundo kubafundi baseyunivesithi, zezona mboniso ukhenketho guided epriskuli abantwana.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX kwaba ezikwimeko engafanelekanga, isityalo encinci - malunga 1,500 kuphela iintlobo, wenza amaqela amabini kuphela - ngezityalo nezonyango. Ngowe-1823 lo myezo kwagqitywa ekubeni igama Imperial, ngoko umsebenzi yaqala ngo litsha, kunye nokuphuculwa kwayo. Ukongeza, ukusuka kwamanye amazwe elibhalise izityalo ezitsha, kwakhona sakhiwe ngokutsha izakhiwo, intsimi wabaphakamisa. kamva A elincinane imyuziyam kunye kwithala leencwadi. Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg iye isetyenziswe hayi kuphela unyango kunye nezempilo, kodwa nangenxa imisebenzi yophando. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, abasebenzi bayo wenza i uhambo ukuya lizwe ngenxa iisampulu zezityalo, iinjongo zobunzululwazi kuba kokona kubalulekileyo.

Ekuqaleni le XX kwinkulungwane ye Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg, ephethwe yi-Academy of Sciences waseUSSR, waza wadala Botanical Institute wayenza lokuyiphuhlisa kunye nokuhlaliswa. Ngaphezu koko, imisebenzi yophando ziye ngokubanzi. USSR abasebenzi zenzululwazi benza kuphuhliso iimeko ezifanele izityalo ezahlukeneyo, iingxaki ukukhula zokungaqheli. Ngexesha angels egadini ubunzima ukusuka iziqhushumbisi yaye ubunzima ilahleko enkulu. Phantse ingqokelela yonke yalahleka lwemvelo, iintlobo ingakumbi ezinqabileyo yetropika izityalo, imithi, iintyatyambo hothouse, kwaye ngaphezulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha zokulwa yonakele kwibhoyila zonke izityalo ubushushu-bothando ezilahlekileyo nobutyobo. Gcina ikwazile uhlobo kuphela nje ezimbalwa usindile ngabasebenzi: Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga baye benza eflethini okanye wamshiya greenhouse encinane, nto leyo shushu yamaziko. Emva kwemfazwe, igadi Ngokuthe ngcembe. Kakade ke, kwathabatha ixesha elide yaye iindleko umgudu omkhulu bonke abasebenzi kunye nabantu nje lingenandaba.

Amasebe Botanical Garden

Kuba ukusebenza ngempumelelo ngakumbi kuzo zonke izinto eziqhubeka egadini ngezityalo yohlulwe kumasebe ahlukeneyo kunye amacandelo yomsebenzi. Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg - akukho kuphela epakini, kodwa zokugcina embalwa ukuba izityalo ikhoyo Kuyashisa sabutropikhi, Arboretum - Garden ikratshi, kukho ezininzi iintlobo ezingamawaka zemithi, ingqokelela herbarium, eliquka amakhulu herbals, wadalwa zizazinzulu-zezityalo ku iminyaka emininzi.

Igadi iye myuziyam yayo, apho imiboniso amawaka izityalo ezinqabileyo kunye ngeefosili. imiboniso Museum kuchuma kude kube ngoku, kuba negalelo izazinzulu ezininzi, zebhayoloji ukusuka kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo, abanegama inzululwazi kunye Botany. Inani lezinto idlula 80.000! Ithala luthi ngaphezulu kwama-600. Ubufundisi Botanical Garden wadala ukuba kwiikhathalogu imbewu kunye izicatshulwa ezivela kwizityalo aphesheya kunye neentyatyambo. ZeBhayoloji Laboratory iye zikwiphulo lokufumana eyona zezityalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukususela ngo-1901, i-Garden Botanical waqalisa ukuvelisa uluvo yayo. igama layo latshintshwa izihlandlo eziliqela, kodwa ngo-1933 wagqiba ekubeni idibane kokupapashwa "Botanical Journal of the USSR." Kamva ke, ekugqibeleni ngokuba "Botanical Magazine".

FYI

imiboniso kunye neziganeko ezahlukeneyo ziqhutywa unyaka wonke, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwixesha zibanjwa kumasebe ahlukeneyo. Tyelela i Botanical Gardens e St. Petersburg, unako kuwo wonke lo nyaka, yaye amaxesha onke nikhunga iza kushiya engqondweni. Summer entsonkothe ephuma kwiingcwele ezimawaka izityalo eneentyatyambo, ezinqabileyo kunye exotic. Ekwindla park dazzles ubuhle amagqabi anemibala, umsebenzi somculo ukufika ebusika. ukhenketho Educational uphiwa ukhenketho kunye njengesikhokelo epakini kunye zokugcina, bengahambi, ungakwazi ukutyelela ipaki kuphela ngexesha ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya ku-Oktobha.

ihlele

Amaqela excursion akhiwa nokwanda kwabantu 15 - ke ndakuzuza ithuba iindwendwe. Uyakwazi Incwadi ezithathwa kwangaphambili. Eyona uthandwayo kubo - "Izityalo kwimimandla emvula Umhlaba", "Plants imimandla etropiki Umhlaba," "Hamba kwi Arboretum" e Palm House kunye abamba Water. Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) - ifoto iindwendwe kujikeleza ekhumbulekayo awayeza ubuhle babo ubungangamsha izityalo kunye neentyatyambo kunye.

ixesha Ukusebenza kunye nendleko

Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) usebenza iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki, iiyure ezili-11 ukuya kwali-16. Le ngaphandle kuphela nguMvulo. A ngasezibukweni izityalo ekhanyayo kunye iiyure ezili-10 ukuya ku-18 wavula Botanical Garden (Saint-Petersburg). Amaxabiso amatikiti zixhomekeka injongo tyelelo: uhamba epakini kubiza engange 40 itikiti omdala, emnyango somculo - 220 engange. Photo badubula video, kananjalo, imali, ukususela engange-90 nangaphezulu.

Wemvula lweengqokelela zobuntlola

Ukususela mhla yasekwa, i-Garden Botanical nizalise iingqokelela zabo kuphela namazwe angaphandle - imbewu nezithole zaye zathengwa eNgilane, eJamani, eHolani. Ukususela ngo-1830, lwenziwa yi matutu ezikhethekileyo izazinzulu eCaucasus, kwingingqi lweCaspian, Baku, ena ukuba nizalise ingqokelela emyezweni nokukhuthaza imisebenzi yophando. Ukususela uhambo aphesheya bezisa izityalo ukususela kwisiqithi Saint Helena, Rio de Janeiro, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil.

Botanical Garden iye yathath 'inxaxheba izixhobo hayi nje imisebenzi yabo, kodwa iihambo zezinye iinkampani nemibutho. Ukongeza, izityalo bathwalwa apha abahambi ezininzi ngokuzithandela - kunye kummango i Tien shan, Issyk-Kul, kummandla Ussuri.

Enye izityalo ezitsha ezizuziweyo, obakhe igadi yezityalo - cherry, yayithengwe Japan. Izicwangciso kufutshane elizayo ukwenza i Alley Sakura ekhethekileyo.