Seversky Donets. Seversky Donets River. Ukuloba Seversky Donets

Kukho nje abazange bayifumane amagama lomlambo inkulu Seversky Donets Donbass ahambele abahambi ukutyhubela imbali yayo elide. Kwaye ke, jikelele, igama elihle, kodwa njani na nakozalelwe Slavic umfula ezidlulileyo oyiNgcwele kwingcinga Monastery, ekuthiwa Donel, Tanais okanye Sirgis? Sasivela ilizwe Seversk na isebe Don, indlela ekuthiwa, njani na Seversky Donets?

Le uviko inkulu lasekunene Don

imvelaphi yaso umlambo inkulu kwimpuma Ukraine ithatha kwi-Central Highlands, kummandla Belgorod of the Russian Federation, kufuphi kwilali Podolhi. Eyona umdla kukuba tihamba uMlambo Don , kakhulu, eRashiya, kodwa kummandla Rostov. Ubude lilonke lomlambo - 1053 km (. Ndawo - 98 900 metres Km), apho iRussia sesithathu kuphela - 330 km, ezinye (phakathi) inxalenye komlambo aqukuqela kwimimandla ezintathu eMpuma Ukraine: IKharkiv, IDonetsk kunye Luhansk - kwaye yesine umfula omkhulu kunayo kweli lizwe. Ukuya ngasempumalanga Ukraine indima lo mfula kunzima ukuba zazi, kuba ngowona mthombo wamanzi amatsha kulo mmandla.

Abanye idatha yendawo

Lonke pool Seversky Donets River eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye phantse kulingana iRhine sokuhlambela, kodwa kabini phantsi kuye phantsi emanzini. Rivers ngqo kwi Seversky Donets, hayi ngaphezulu kwe 1000. Kwaye nje isitya layo; ngokuba baninzi, iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, kukho malunga 2500-3000 imilambo. Eyona projekthi inkulu, ezifana Face Kozenyi, Bahmutka, Oskol, Aydar, Lugan abe ubude neekhilomitha ngaphezulu kwe-10. Lo mlambo ngokwawo, ke, lo uviko inkulu Don kwaye athele kuyo ngeekhilomitha 218 ukusuka emlonyeni. Ububanzi umlambo yahluka ukusuka-30 ukuya kuma-70 eemitha lonke ubude kwechibi zikummandla apho Donets kwanwenwa km 4. Ubunzulu kuyahlukahlukana-10 m kufikelela (inxenye zinzulu kubekwe ngokubanzi kwi isabelo phakathi kwe begoba okanye eWild) ukusuka ku-0.3 m emanzini. Lo mfula flat, nzulu, zasebusika. Kwaye ngoko ke umlambo Seversky Donets ngumkhenkce ngexesha kwiinyanga kubanda, 2-3. Ice ububanzi ne30-50 cm, "Indlela Severskom Donets wavuma uqweqwe iqhwa iqabaka." - kuba mnye ngoma ziculwe. Kodwa ke oko akuthethi ngumkhenkce yonke, kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi lo qhwa ibhityile, ngoko abalandeli lokuloba kwamanzi kufuneka silumke kakhulu.

ikakhulu umandlalo

Ngenxa yokunqongophala iintaba uselenexesha elikhulu kwintlambo ngokubanzi komlanjana; kwi eliphezulu 8-10 km, kwimimandla esezantsi yobukhulu balo ifikelela ngeekhilomitha 20-26. Nangona kunjalo, le elunxwemeni kwiimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwinqanaba sabo - azilingani. Enye bank, iindawo ngokuqhelekileyo eziphakamileyo, enamatye, yaye ngamanye amaxesha luqulathe yekalika njengoko ku Sviatogorsk. I malungana (ekhohlo) yebhanki amathafa. Kuyinto plain ntyala kunye namachibi amaninzi, imilambo imifula yomile (oxbows) emanzi. Kukho amachibi ezinkulu, ezifana noLyman. River jika kwaye zahlukene: sitsho ukuhlangabezana uba ifu, uba nobutyobo. Konke oku ixhaphake kakhulu amacala asentla kunye central. imithombo yamanzi ziyahlaziywa, ikakhulu ngenxa yeemvula nezichotho - imvula zinyibilikile ikhephu.

Umlambo wobomi ngenxa industrial empuma Ukraine

Njengoko kuyo nayiphi na umlambo, ujikeleze lonke kwiindawo mveliso kwaye libonelela mthombo wamanzi okusela yoluntu (Donets elinika kuphela emdeni imizi Ukraine ezintathu eziphambili mveliso - IKharkiv, IDonetsk kunye Luhansk), idama yakhiwe apha kwaye ichibi wadala. Xa sifika asentla, kwisixeko Russian ka Belgorod, eziliqela kubo, kodwa hayi elikhulu kakhulu. Emazantsi kwi Seversky Donets River uthululela kungena Wolf, kwaye xa ibekwe ngqo emva Pecheniz'ke ichibi. It yenzelwe iimfuno isixeko IKharkiv.

Nemingenela nemijelo, silinike ubomi emlanjeni, kunye nezizathu ukuba ambulale

Donets isitya ifumana amanzi ayimfuneko ngejelo Donets - Donbass leyo yakhiwe kakhulu nomfula. Phambi kwakhe Donets kuthatha amanzi imilambo Uda kunye Oskol (inkulu ekungeneni wayo). Kanye phaya, phakathi zawo, kuba ifumana amanzi avela Dnieper (Dnipro channel - Donbass). Xa iyonke, ummandla IDonetsk kwakhelwa iimfuno zamashishini ezahlukeneyo malunga okugcina 148. Oku kubonisa ukuba amathuba woshishino ngingqi iphakame kakhulu, kwaye sezulu owomileyo. Ngoko ke, indima Seversky Donets zibalulekile, kunye nemibandela ephathelele kokusijikelezileyo ezicacileyo kwaye nje abantu akanankathalo, ebetha i alarm malunga emlanjeni lokufa. Izinto ezibangela le ntlekele ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle indlela zemveli ukuya kwamahlathi kunye cropland ngqo neebhanki, ukuphanjukiswa elikhulu amanzi asetyenziswa kwimizi uze uyibuyisele isiXhosa, kodwa ukwimeko efudumeleyo, kwakukho nokhula lwaselwandle exotic. Piste okanye lettuce amanzi, kwiminyaka nje emibini uyotywe umlambo.

umlambo cwaka ububanzi kwi esezantsi

Kule ndawo kwekomkhulu Donbass kwaye ngakumbi, kummandla Rostov, i Seversky Donets River inqumle IDonetsk Ridge. Kucacile ukuba akukho entilini unxweme phantse engumnqantsa kwaye unamatye. Kwaye kufutshane emlonyeni, apho Seversky Donets River yahlulwe amasebe amathathu, phezu 200 km iibhloko komlambo a lot of kuphuma. Kungokwemvelo ukuba ebudeni kade apha, ububanzi isusela ukusuka meters 100 ukuya 200. Ukusuka apha Umlambo iinqanawa.

A yiparadesi abalobi

Phezu kwazo nje iingxaki, ngawo onke amaxesha, edume kuloba Seversky Donets, ku apho we iintlobo 41 iintlanzi. Kakade ke, ungcoliseko, kwaye njengabaphambukeli yimvula kokutshabalalisa recovery yendalo kwezixa zentlanzi zentlanzi ngenxa kokusingqongileyo, ziye kakhulu kwanciphisa inani iintlobo iintlanzi wayephila apha ukusuka kudaladala. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba elibanzi kunye neliphakathi kusekho apha kwaye Pike, kunye walleye, kunye catfish, kunye bream. Kodwa ke iintlobo ezincinane Donets ingakumbi zizityebi, ezifana rudd, zakhele kunye Roach. Ukuloba phezu komlambo, kulungile oku ngenxa yokuba ngenxa ububanzi ezahlukeneyo (ukusuka meters 30 ukuya 200) kulala u ukudlala ezahlukeneyo zokuloba khangela izixhobo zokuloba kunye nezakhono.

indawo wamazisa

Abathandi lokuloba imbeko nentlonipho okhethekileyo ebeyithanda lo elumelwaneni svyatogorsk ukuba A. P. Chehov ekuthiwa IDonetsk Switzerland. Kwaye akukho uhlobo ubuhle mmandla, nokuba kukho nto ", indawo engcwele namolennye" (Artemyevsky News). Ityala inkqubo edibeneyo: lokuloba nokuhomba kwethu, loo ndawo intle, yaye umnyango emangalisayo lula (elandelayo, kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa kude, yeyona ndlela Rostov - IKharkiv - IDonetsk). Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu, eyaziwa kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo uxakekile. Kodwa umlambo elungileyo ukuze ungasoloko ufumana icandelo zonxweme ngathi. Yobuninzi zokuhlala zokuhlala ibekwe ecaleni emanzini, ukuvumela ukuba ushiye imoto yakho kwindawo yokupaka ihlawulwe. Kungenxa kule ndawo Svyatogorsk banokuyifumana abameli phantse zonke iintlobo ngentlanzi zifumaneka Seversky Donets, yaye wephimpi. Abantu kuzo ngokubanzi ukuba kusenokuba nzima ukuba babathande xa ngokuloba ukusuka kwebhulorho.

Kwaye ebusika, kwaye ehlotyeni ...

Ukuloba kakhulu ehlotyeni, kodwa umkhenkce Oluma okulungileyo, kufuneka nje ukukhumbula ukuba mfula ngumkhenkce ngokupheleleyo kwaye kwezinye nesigubungelo iindawo ubusika ibhityile, kodwa nokuloba redfish kule mimandla elungileyo kakhulu emva yeqabaka yokuqala. Ngaphesheya komlambo inani elimangalisayo iindawo for "hunt cwaka": zeerasintyisi, Savintsev (apha catch neKubhi). Kodwa kukho mhlaba uthile basondelayo imizi-mveliso, okanye mandithi, ukuloba nje ukuqengqeleka singakhuselekanga, kuba la omlambo ekhutshwa iimveliso inkunkuma eyingozi.

River kunye yasehlathini - oko kungaba bhetele ukuba lweholide?

Uninzi abemi iinkalo ezintlanu kwi kwimimandla apho kukho umlambo, hayi ezibuza apho ibali iholide yakho okanye abanye ngeCawa. Seversky Donets, emdeni wayo entle, ehlathini engumxube, efanelekileyo ngqo emanzini, acocekileyo okunempilo air - wonke kusoloko ilahlwe ukuba kwakhiwe amaziko zolonwabo sanatoriums. Kungaphikiswa ukuba phantse zonke ishishini enkulu nayiphi na amaziko ezintlanu zengingqi: Russian Belgorod kunye Rostov-on-Don, Ukrainian IKharkiv, IDonetsk kunye Luhansk - phezu kweenxweme iziko yolonwabo Seversky Donets, eminqubeni abantwana okanye lemithi. Ezi ziindawo ezintle zatyelelwa iimbongi kunye namagcisa. Apha kwakukho yaseChekhov kunye Tiutchev, Tsvetayeva kunye Bunin, Nemirovich-Danchenko kunye Repin. Mhlawumbi omnye wabo kuthiwa Pridontsovem ubuhle.

pearl Pridontsovya

Kwaye, kakade, ubuncwane, kwezi ndawo isenguye Svyatogorsk efanayo. Xa angayi oyiNgcwele kwingcinga Lavra, omnye maxe- Orthodox amahle kakhulu. Kuye evela Svyatogorsk yi ibhulorho elihle phezu Seversky Donets. Elizithengisayo ezizoba pine basekuhlaleni ngemizobo bethanda - woonongendi, umculo live. Wona Holy Ingqikelelo Monastery yeyona nto ibalulekileyo National Natural Park "Mountains Ezingcwele", wadala ngo-1997. Oku unique, kuba endaweni yayo kukho imithi oyidingayo, ezifana pine ngetshokhwe avela kwixesha pre-glacial, 129 iziza zakudala enxulumene nexesha ukusuka Paleolithic ukuya kumaXesha Aphakathi, ezikhumbuzo zembali apha 73. National Park "Ungcwele Mountains" kwaye zonke imimandla kunye izinto zayo ukhuselwe ngurhulumente.

Donets emephini

umlambo zahlukahlukene kakhulu Seversky Donets. Imephu apho kwa- kuboniswa ngayo okokuqala phantsi kwegama Sewerski, ezipapashwe cartographer G. kweMercator ngo-1595. Kwimephu 1154 esiphambili Arab Idrisi (1099-1165), kukho kwakhona ikhangelwe, kodwa phantsi igama Rusia.

Igama elithi "Donetc" abafumanekayo amagama amaninzi: seDonetsk, umzekelo, okanye Donetskaya Seymitsa (ekungeneni Ukutya). Imilambo, kuhlanganiselo amagama eziquka eli lizwi, bonke ezintlanu, kodwa akukho namnye kubo nje ekubhekiselwe kuwo. Isihloko ibithethwa ngokuvelisa isichazi qualitative. Ngaphandle Seversky yi Linden, ukuqanduselwa, eyomileyo Donets ufile.

amahle ngokungaqhelekanga

Ngomhla ubuhle umlambo ochazwe ithetha lukhulu, kodwa njengoko bathi, ngcono ukubona kanye, ubuncinane kwi imifanekiso ebonisa ukusuka kumthombo ukuya emlonyeni omlambo Seversky Donets. Izithombe thaca kweli nqaku musa embellish ngokwenene. Phezu komlambo, yaye inyaniso ayikho iziqithi ezintle eluhlaza imithi ikhula egcina imali, kukho kwakhona engaqhelekanga kakhulu.