Annenkov Yuriy Pavlovich: iifoto, engobomi, imifanekiso, eni

Ngowe-1889, inkwenkwezi liwa ka ngegcisa elinye ezigqamileyo ezintsha kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Lo nyaka wazalelwa Annenkov uYuri Pavlovich - artist Russian, ifoto opeyintayo kunye nombhali.

imvelaphi

Famous artist wazalelwa kwintsapho Ukuthanda Abantu Russian ngayo. ebuntwaneni bakhe yokuqala uYuri Annenkov wachitha nabazali bakhe kummandla ena. Ndandikho apho kunye noyise, ngubani eBha- ngokuthatha inxaxheba lombutho "Narodnaya Volya". V1893, le ntsapho ekugqibeleni akwazi ukubuyela kuhlala eSt Petersburg. Ngeli xesha ke babekwa kwidolophana encinane ecaleni Ili Efimovicha Repina.

Le meko iye ibe nempembelelo enkulu kumsebenzi elandelayo kunye nesimo sengqondo annenkov. Yena osoloko engqongwe luluntu abantu bazo zonke imisebenzi kunokwenzeka lokudala, ezingenakulinganiswa kodwa kuchaphazela ukhetho yakhe yomsebenzi.

ekufundeni

Zoba Annenkov Yury waqalisa ebuntwaneni. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko elivisayo waba nomdla kwezopolitiko kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, igcisa wazama ngesandla sakhe woopopayi uhlobo. imizobo yakhe isigqebelo ukuba phephancwadi ngokufihlakeleyo kuye kwabangela ihlazo enkulu. Kuba ifilosofi Annenkov wagxothwa esikolweni. Noko ke, oku akuthethi buthathaka ukholo womzobi ngamandla abo. Nguye yedwa uza kwikhono lezomthetho kwiYunivesithi yase St. Petersburg.

umsebenzi wakhe

Nangona ndandingakwazi ekuqaleni ngenxa yokudweba, inkosi alukhange lufumane imfundo ngokupheleleyo yokuluka. Ngoxa umfundi artist eliphezulu esikolweni waya kwiiklasi e St. Petersburg Art and Industry Academy ogama emva Aleksandra Lyudvigovicha Shtiglitsa. Njengoko umfundi efunda Annenkov Yury kwi studio inkosi odumileyo Saveliya Moiseevicha Zeydenberga. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba naye wahamba ngenye evelele - Mark Zaharovich Shagal.

Ngelishwa, nangona wenkuthalo ukuzimisela ukufunda, Annenkov akazange akwazi ukufumana ukuba Moscow Academy of Arts. Emva ukusilela wayo, uYuri waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe studio ka Jan Frantsevich Tsionglinskogo.

Ukuhlala kwelinye

Isiphelo olusa Annenkov iye yaguquka ngaphandle kwilizwe. Kuyinto ngenxa icebiso nomcebisi wakhe Yana Frantsevicha igcisa oselula washiya ilizwe apho yena wazalwa, yaye wafudukela Paris. Apho Annenkov kaYuri waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe. Ngeli xesha, waya kufunda le iinkosi amazwe afana Moris Deni kunye Felix Vallotton. Ezi ababekolo Symbolists "Nabi" iqela ethandwayo. Kwaba phantsi kwephiko kwabacebisi bakhe 1913 Yury kuqala wathabatha inxaxheba kumboniso lobugcisa kunye ngemizobo yakhe. Le ingcaciso ngokuba "Salon of Independent." Bt wegcisa yimpumelelo.

imifuziselo art

At kwasekuqaleni indlela yakhe bezobugcisa umbhali ukuba wayexakeke kakhulu ukupeyinta. Kuyinto eli xesha ziquka umsebenzi yakhe edumileyo, "uAdam noEva", "isijwili Yellow", "Self-Portrait", ebhaliweyo ekuqaleni kuka-1910. Emva kokubuyela kwilizwe lakhe ngowe-1913, uYuri Annenkov, ifoto leyo isebenza bunokubonwa ngokutsha yethu iqalisa ukufumana inxaxheba kolu hlobo lobugcisa, njengoko kwigrafu. Iya isanda, umsebenzi wakhe waqalisa kushicilelwa amaphepha iimpapasho ezifana "lolwandle ogobele", "Argus", "Lezwe", "Satyricon" kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ukongeza, ngethuba ezithandwa master yemizobo zigcinwe vuxaka lebyikulu lokudala ethandwayo ngexesha epapasha izindlu "Red Virgin lomhlaba", "World Literature", "Rainbow" kunye nabanye. Le artist wamenywa ukuba azokuba umzobi kuba imisebenzi Korney Chukovsky, uJack London, Nikolaya Evreinova. umbhali kwakhona liyaqhubeka isiko elide epapashwe iimpapasho satirical njenge caricaturist. Ngethamsanqa, ngoku, umsebenzi wakhe yavavanywa merit.

nemibono yezopolitiko

Ngexesha bobabini lo mbuso ebona utshintsho kwintlalo yoluntu opeyintayo nangokuzinikela wayethanda kwezopolitiko. Sinokuthi oluye ngendlela yoluntu ziye zaba nempembelelo enkulu kumsebenzi ngakumbi inkosi. Oku kungqinwa kwabaxhamla komsebenzi lakhe emva inzaliseko mdibi. Yaba ngeli xesha kwimeko obugcisa, iindlela ezintsha kunye noluntu. Annenkov kaYuri iba nxaxheba osebenzayo. Umzekelo, igcisa wonyulwa ilungu lebhodi leNdlu of Arts Petrograd.

Nkqu imisebenzi yakhe inkosi yokusombulula umxholo wotshintsho. Oko ngendlela ekhethekileyo umfanekiso iindawo oqhagamshelwano phakathi Annenkov sengqondo evulekileyo ukuya revolution nje umyalelo omtsha. Umzobi ngothando banamava negalelo kurhoxiswe ufakelo elidlulileyo, zombini ebomini oluntu kwaye umsebenzi.

young impumelelo inkosi kukha niyigqibe kwamehlo yaye ngo-1920 George wamiselwa uprofesa e Moscow Academy of Arts Fine.

Iprowuzi nobuntatheli

Ukongeza kwimisebenzi lakhe Annenkov esebenza kunye nokubhala. Emva 1917 wazama ngokuphindaphindiweyo yena abe yekhasi. Njengoko bathi, umntu onesiphiwo kakuhle yonke into. Le ndlela akwenzeki kakuhle, uYuri nokupeyinta mbi. Kungekudala wapapasha amanqaku akhe kwiimpapasho ezifana "Ubomi ubugcisa."

Ngaphezu koko, ngexesha ubomi phandle, uYuri Annenkov, igcisa kunye grafist wavula ngokwayo ukuya macala onke omtsha; wazama kuqala ngesandla sakhe abe ngumbhali. Ukususela lusiba lombhali ngaphandle imisebenzi ezifana "Diary of kwiintlanganiso zam." Baya Annenkov uchaza eni lamagcisa ezininzi Russian. Phakathi kwabo singafumana ababhali Russian, amagcisa, iimvumi. Ukongezelela izincoko ngabantu abaziwayo, Annenkov wabhala imisebenzi ezininzi zobugcisa. Ngoko ke, ukuba umbhali uYuri "Ibali Trivia" ncwadi "era eqwengiweyo." Xa ubhala wabo igcisa wathabatha elabo - melly Temiryazev.

igalari

KaYuri Annenkov, ogama imizobo kwikhondo okuqala kwenziwa ubukhulu becala ubuchule yokudweba, emva kokuba impumelelo kwi umboniso Paris ezibekwe ngayo ekudaleni gallery kwakhe eni. Intsimi engundoqo yomsebenzi inkosi baba abantu adumileyo ixesha. Annenkov ixesha elifutshane nexesha ukufaka umbhali Maksima Gorkogo, imbongi edumileyo Vladislav Khodasevich kunye Anna Akhmatova, kunye Viktora Shklovskogo, uMikhail Kuzmin, Velimir Khlebnikov kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Kodwa ixabiso single kwimifanekiso umzobi aba kunye namaqela ezopolitiko. Ngoko ke, kaYuri Annenkov, portraits ogama waba nempumelelo enkulu, kukhululwa phantsi ngelaphu bakhe brush with afana nabantu abaziwayo noVladimir Lenin, Leon noTrotsky, UGrigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, uKarl Radek, uIsake yiBhabheli, kulya Ehrenburg, Zhan Kokto, Moris Ravel , webhaleyi Russian Olga Aleksandrovna Spesivtseva kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ukuya kwamanye amazwe

Phakathi ku-1924 Annenkov waya kuthi xhaxhe ukuba athathe inxaxheba kumboniso ngamazwe. E Venice, igcisa wafumana ilungelo lokumela le nkundla ya wena Soviet. Emva kwesi siganeko, iindlela zobomi Annenkov akazange bambuyisela eRashiya.

Emva kokuthabatha inxaxheba mboniso uYuri izinziswe eParis. Kukho ukuqaphela kwigophe mculi kabukhali neya- up. Ngeli xesha ke wasebenza ngakumbi yeqonga ubeke ingcibi uyasebenzisana abantu ezikhethekileyo ezifana Nikita Fedorovich Baliev choreographer Borislav Fominichna Nijinsky zolinganiso Chehov Mihail Aleksandrovich, Sergey Mihaylovich Lifar.

Ukusebenza yemidlalo cinema

Ukongeza umsebenzi esebenzayo ubugcisa, inkosi izuze ukubonwa kwinkalo eyahlukileyo. impumelelo enkulu kunye udumo uYuri Annenkov, ogama engobomi igcwele ngempumelelo ikakhulu endle yokudweba kunye portraits ezenziwe kwinkalo kumabala emidlalo. Ukongeza, wapapasha amanqaku akhe kwiijenali eyayinikelwe olu hlobo art, igcisa esenza igalelo elibalulekileyo nendima decorator phantse zonke midlalo yeqonga ogama emva kokuba umdlali odumileyo Russian Vera Fedorovna Komisarzhevskoy. Annenkov kwakhona beqabe ubuhle kunye tetra umhlobo wakhe omdala Nikolaya Evreinova.

Noko ke, ukuba nempembelelo yayo phezu ubugcisa nesiphelo. Umzobi wayengomnye wabaHlaziyi bokuqala komyalelo endala kwindawo yokubonela. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni 1920, saqalisa ukuvela ngoku, apho yathatha inxaxheba kunye Annenkov oselula. Umzekelo, kwi 1921st wapapasha inqaku lakhe imfuno isibhengezo yokubonela entsha. Oko kwaba intuthuko, wathatha waya bathandi efanayo.
Ngaphezu koko, kungekudala igcisa lwanikwa ithuba ukuqonda izimvo zabo lalinamandla zifezeke. Ngethuba ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kumdlalo ngu Georg Kaiser eqongeni Annenkov Mxim Gorky Bolshoi Drama Theatre kuqala ecetywayo ezintsha ngaphambili, oko kukuthi, ukuba usebenzise endaweni lwemenu njengesiqhelo, ezintsha, ngokuya iziqalelo. Ngenxa yoko, le ndawo kwabonakala ukuba basebenzisane abadlali. Ngelo xesha, indlela enjalo kuyilo lomdlalo yaba yimpumelelo engalindelekanga.

Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe elide kummandla nkundla intle opeyintayo akalirholanga ngaphezu umculo zaba ngamashumi omathandathu. Ngaphandle yeyokuhombisa eqongeni kunye inkosi wayenza kuphuhliso imifanekiso ezintsha inkampani. Kwakhona Annenkov wazama isandla sakhe at cinema. Apha wakwazi ukuphumeza ingqalelo engakumbi kunokuba nayiphi eminye imimandla umsebenzi wayo. Master wakwazi ukunika ubuhle ngaphezu kwe amahlanu iifilimu adubula. Nawokulungiselela iisuti ngenxa crew, nkqu igcisa wawongwa odume ngokungaqhelekanga ngexesha ibhaso "Oscar".

ukugxekwa

Phakathi zonke ubuchule ezininzi Annenkov kunzima ukuchonga imisebenzi ebalaseleyo, okanye ulwalathiso. Ngokomzekelo, phakathi ilifa wegcisa ngeetshathi kushishino ngoloyiso bexesha lakhe nabagxeki wonke umntu imizobo umbhali ukwenzela uhlelo elandelayo umhobe Alexander Blok "Zazilishumi." Nkqu imbongi ngokwakhe flatteringly malunga nobuchule umzobi, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo waqaphela ukuba wabeka intsingiselo enzulu. Xa imizobo jikelele annenkov kuvandlakanywa kwenziwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ngqindilili kunye lula. Yena ngempumelelo isicelo njengoko umgca engqongqo kwaye udlala izithunzi uyaganga. Ezo amaqhinga umbhali yakwazi phawula nto ibalulekileyo abalinganiswa bakhe, ukuba kunyuswe phezu kwabo iifitsha esongela ukuhlala zifihlakele.

Ngokumalunga inkqubela ukupeyinta, kwesimbo womzobi kutyhilwa ngokupheleleyo ngendlela Cubism. Ngaphezu koko, inkosi sidima kwaye ngokulula ngokudibanisa mibala modernist kunye nesimbo emveli zemfundo. Annenkov Yuriy Pavlovich, ndandikuthanda imifanekiso yabo impumelelo eyodwa phakathi kubaqokeleli, wenze igalelo elikhulu ngokwenene ubugcisa kwenkulungwane yama-20.