Belarus, i-National Library. ilayibrari of Belarus

Isakhiwo entsha ye-National Library of Belarus lihle kangaka, original kunye eyahlukileyo ngokufanelekileyo okuluphawu kweli lizwe. Ngoko ke incwadi elinguvimba kunokuba neqhayiya nayiphi ezinkulu emhlabeni - mali bazizityebi edibene nje kuphela uyilo elikhethekileyo izakhiwo ezimangalisayo isakhiwo, nto leyo eye wakha Republic of Belarus. I-Library sikaZwelonke kwiziko lophando multi-okukhethekile, ziyakhawulelana inzululwazi zakutshanje kunye nobugcisa kweli candelo.

ithala leencwadi lokuqala

Xa tsarist waye National Library of kwiphondo ngokubanzi, nkqu yalilizwe indawo waqhubeka ukuvela de-1926, sele 1922 State University kwasekwa i-National Library wokuqala Republic of Belarus, ngelo yokuqala ngokuba "Library Belarusian State University" (kwiriphabliki ngokwawo segama le BSSR) . Le ngxowa-mali lokuqala 60 lamawaka imiqulu. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza imigudu eli lizwe kunye neyabantu kuyo yonke kwakhona.

Igumbi lokuqala

Imbali ye-National Library yaqala wobuyiselo House - kwisakhiwo wakha ngo-1913 ngenxa isikhumbuzo sama- 300 ka Romanov ubukhosi, ngaphambili kwaku icawa kunye imyuziyam zakudala njengenxalenye weemonki Episcopal. Esi sakhiwo kwakhiwa iseliswelekile umzi style emva Russian. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwithala leencwadi engundoqo kwiriphabliki isoloko ibekwe kwizakhiwo yokuqala ebonakalayo.

Ngowe-1926, ichibi yokugcina eliqeshiweyo likhulile ukuya kwi-300,000, kwaye inani abafundi liye landa izihlandlo ezi-5. Ithala leencwadi yaba liziko elizimeleyo kwaye kufuneka agqibe ukwakha isakhiwo olulodwa, nto leyo nayo ifakiwe kwimbali kwiriphabliki kunye ukohluka wayo, ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye nesenzo indawo ojolise - ithala leencwadi yaba iziko nje kuphela, koko yokwakha yenkcubeko nakuzwelonke.

Injongo-eyakhelwe isakhiwo

Imisebenzi iprojekthi Georgiya Lavrova kukhethwa. Wacela isakhiwo esitsha ngokupheleleyo ngenxa Minsk, nto leyo angathanda ukuba amaphondo aqalise ngenkqubo zezibalo Ukulungelelanisa - umahluko phakathi nobude lamagumbi reading elime kule ngingqi emva elinguvimba ncwadi. Isakhiwo esingundoqo wayelungele engama-10 letnimu republic - wathabatha abafundi ngo-1932. Le projekthi okulungileyo ukuze ekuhambeni kwexesha lwethu lesikhumbuzo ebuyiselweyo izakhiwo Unxibelelaniso, leyo yashiya impela kancinane, ingakumbi Belarus, ibekwe yiBhodi of Education yeSizwe.

imali ikhule

ingqalelo engakumbi ezinkulu incwadi ezingoovimba weRiphabliki Belarus sele njalo. Library kaZwelonke ngo-1941 waba ezindaweni zabo malunga 2 million iikopi zeencwadi. Nzima yaba ilahleko - Belarus walahlekelwa malunga ne-83% ye-mali. ngqangi Kwento yamandulo kunye nemisongo yabiwa, abaninzi wayitshisa kunye isakhiwo. Kodwa sele ngo-1943, ngokubambisana imali yelizwe kwamathala Belarusian sebeqala kuphila. Ngu 50 phakathi isakhiwo Georgiya Lavrova kuphinda ukumelana yokufika readers. Kodwa 1989 ukhuphiswano kweeprojekthi ezintsha yokwakha.

Ukuvela kwe-National Library

Emva kokuba "kuluhlu sovereignties" BSSR yaziwa ngokusesikweni ngokuba Republic of Belarus. Library National akwazi kwaye kufuneka kube lwentando lizwe ezihlaziyiweyo. Ngu "ukwakhiwa kwinkulungwane" weza ngaphezulu kakhulu (xa kusakhiwa abantu 5,000 baqeshwa, kunye nemibutho 200), nangona eli lizwe ezinye iingxaki ngokwaneleyo. Ukuphunyezwa kwe labazobi project uViktor Kramarenko kunye Michael Vinogradov, kwidabi ngowe-1989, iqale ngo-2002 Sisebenze ngodlamko olukhulu, kuba le projekthi "Belarusian Diamond", nto leyo efuzisela ixabiso nanto uhlobo wayo, ukuqhama kunye nobukhulu ulwazi, woyisa bonke.

iprojekthi eyodwa

Bonke arhola uyilo ultra-mihla esi sakhiwo, iziko engundoqo apho oyintsobi entsonkothileyo - rombokubooktaedr, nobuso-18 izikwere zayo amelwe noonxantathu-8. Esi sakhiwo engaqhelekanga wambu iglasi esipilini iingcinga, ubeke phezu eqongeni, kukho uhlobo stand-eqongeni. Ukwakhiwa wabuyela yanda isantya - imini nobusuku lasebenza, yaye ngokufuthi kwindawo yokwakha zafikelela kubantu 3,000 ngexesha. Esi sakhiwo, leyo kwavulwa kunye grand, wafuna ngokupheleleyo kufanelekile, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba uMongameli, wegqitha Juni 16, 2006, ndadibana zonke iindleko, ukwanelisa wonke amabhongo. Le wobugcisa, nto leyo uyazingca yonke Belarus. I-National Library ayikho kuphela mhle kakhulu, omnye ehlabathini ezimbalwa mihla amathala eencwadi, ezo ngaxeshanye uphando, ulwazi, iziko kwezentlalo nezopolitiko ezentlalo nenkcubeko.

Library yeSizwe - uphawu lwesizwe

Imikrolo Frantsiska Skoriny, i-Belarusian nguvulindlela wokushicilela, umi ongaphambili, phambi komnyango ephambili, enziwe ngohlobo incwadi evulekileyo. Oku kuboniswe zigcawu ekuphuhliseni ulwimi olubhaliweyo, ingxelo Frantsiska Skoriny malunga ekulandeleni abantu ukugqwesa, ukuya ngomfanekiso kaThixo, iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezili-19. Kuyilo ekungeneni osemqoka artists zibhetele abakroli yeRiphablikhi. Eli bhotwe yonke ise nepaka kweli komkhulu. National Library of Belarus (photo iqhotyoshelwe) - nekalikedo ngokwenene. Ukususela namhlanje, ezifana engaqhelekanga, kodwa izakhiwo ezihle nangoko qatha engqondweni ngaphandle Opera Theater eSydney. Wena khangela, kwaye ndijonge.

Eminye imilinganiso nezakhiwo ezimangalisayo

Isakhiwo kunye nobukhulu kwithala bathi data ezinjalo - amagumbi yokufunda 20 kwenza kube lula ukuthatha phezulu ulwazi ngexesha elifanayo abantu 2,000. Ukongeza, ukuba ibekwe 1,500 workstations yenzelwe ukusebenza ikhathalogu ngekhompyutha. Repository ilungiselelwe iikopi kwizigidi ezili-14, kwaye ummandla iyonke ilingana yonke kwithala ka 113.669 square metres. m. Digital obukholekayo akukho uthelekiso kunye yonke indawo of Vatican sesine kuyo. Ilayibrari ubuncwane yesizwe lizwe, ukuze ukukhuthaza ulwazi apha rhoqo ukwenza imisebenzi.

"I-Belarusian Diamond" namhlanje

"A diamond ulwazi", okwabizwa ngokuba kwithala Minsk, namhlanje lwenza ngokuqokelela zabo iikopi 9 million iincwadi, ngqangi, amaxwebhu microcopies iilwimi 80. Nangona ivenkile nangoku ibuyiselwe imali onke athathiweyo baphuma abahlaseli (zokuphanda yenziwa rhoqo, kuwo onke amanqanaba), khathalogu imibhalo-ngqangi enqabileyo, iincwadi zokuqala eziprintiweyo, iintlelo unique kwakudala ngaphezu kwama-70 amawaka iikopi. amaphephandaba kuphela izihloko 4700 igcinwa apha, kunye namaphephancwadi nezinye oolindixesha - iikopi 3 million .. Konke oku kubekwe phezu imigangatho kunye nokugcinwa 10. Kwingxowa-mali enkulu malunga 500 000 liyunithi domain kawonke - amagumbi ukufunda nesikhokhelo.

Xa iindawo ezizodwa zixhotyiswe ngezibonelelo mihla, unako ukufumana imvume yokungena kwi oovimba digital. Electronic Library of Belarus abe kulawulo, nto leyo yokugcina ulwazi lokuqala kunye nenkqubo nokubuyiswa kuzo zonke wogcino ncwadi yesizwe. Wemvula kuyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo in kwimo yesiqhelo.

ezinye iilayibrari

Ukongeza "A diamond kolwazi" kweli lizwe, kukho ezinye ifake. Library ezininzi Belarus lizisa yokugcina yokuqala kaRhulumente Technology and Agrarian Technical University. ingxowa-mali karhulumente enkulu kakhulu une Belarus Association iimfumba BSU. elikhulu kakhulu ke kaMongameli Library of the Republic of Belarus, kukho malunga nama-80 eminyaka ubudala. Eyunivesithi zonke enkulu naye ilayibrari endilisekileyo.