Ayzek Azimov: imihlaba kumnandi iincwadi zakhe. Imisebenzi ye Ayzeka Azimova kunye nolwamkelo yayo film

Ayzek Azimov - omnye wababhali zibalulekileyo kunye nempembelelo of America. Yena, kunye uRobert Heinlein kunye Arturom Klarkom, yinxalenye ebizwa ngokuba "Big Ezintathu" ngababhali yesayensi. Oku kubonisa ingqalelo oogxa bethu kunye negalelo Giant ukuba wenza kule ncwadi. Ukongeza, ezi iinkosi ezintathu olukhulu fiction ingabizwa yaye ootitshala ixesha lethu. Asimov and Clarke wenza lukhulu ukuze yazi inzululwazi.

Biography Ayzeka Azimova. Ubuntwana in Soviet Russia

ummandla Petrovic (District Shumyachsky okwangoku) ESmolensk - indawo leyo uzukisiwe yi ekuzalweni ngoJanuwari 2, 1920 inkwenkwe uIsake, owathi kamva waba umbhali best yenzululwazi kwinkulungwane yama-20 ngoIsake Asimov. Kamva wathi ukuba wazalwa ngomhla lizwe linye, ukuba uYuri Gagarin, ngoko ke nangoku uvakalelwa ngathi bobabo mazwe mabini.

Uyise yombhali, Yuda Azimov, ngelo xesha zizifundiswa. Ekuqaleni, yena benza ishishini losapho, kodwa emva kokuba revolution waba umgcini-zincwadi. Unina zombhali, uHana, uRakeli, kwaba kwintsapho enkulu kwaye esebenza evenkileni.

izwe

Emva kokuzalwa intombi yakhe ngo-1923 abazali kaIsake ufumana isimemo esivela uninalume, lowo wayesele kudala bafudukela USA, bema apho. Usapho ugqiba ukuba kwamanye amazwe ukuya eMelika.

Ayzek Azimov wayesithi ukuba ngaphambi kokuba eze kwi-US, abazali bakhe igama Ozimovy, kodwa amagosa inkonzo kwamanye bhalile njengoko Asimov walitshintsha igama walencwadi yokubhala American. Ngoko ke waba uIsake.

Abazali abazange bakwazi ukufunda kakuhle IsiNgesi, ngoko ukuze ufumane umsebenzi ophezulu ohlawulayo zange isebenze. Emva koko sakwaYuda uthenge kwivenkile yokutya encinane wavula umsebenzi wezandla. Kodwa unyana akazange afune isiphelo zomrhwebi encinane, waza wagqiba kwelokuba bamnike imfundo esemgangathweni. UIsake ngokwakhe afunda ukuzonwabisa, kunye neminyaka 5 tyelela ithala leencwadi.

Kuthi kwakufika yecandelo lwezonyango zange ukusebenza - njengoko kanti, Asimov nako ukuma emehlweni igazi. Kwaba lelo xesha ke wagqiba ekubeni bangene ka Chemistry yeSebe kwiYunivesithi Columbia.

Emva koko waba umsebenzi ngempumelelo. Ayzek Azimov waba unjingalwazi, wawuquka waza waqalisa ukufundisa kwi-Boston School of Medicine. Ngowe-1958, yena ngesiquphe eyeka umsebenzi wakhe zenzululwazi. Kodwa intetho yakhe edumileyo ufunde iminyaka eliqela.

Njengoko uba umlobi yesayensi

Asimov waqala ukubhala njengomntwana. Ngenye imini umhlobo wakhe, emva kokufunda ekuqaleni kwebali, wacela ukuba uqhubeke. Kwaye ngoko ke ikamva ababhali elingezenzululwazi, kwaye kwacaca ukuba wenza into engenakwenzeka.

Amabali yokuqala Ayzeka Azimova epapashwe ngo-1939 ngu John Campbell, umhleli edume kunye discoverer ngayo italente entsha. Ngumsebenzi yesibini epapashwe - "Ukufika ebusuku" - kuba, ngokutsho Science Fiction kunye Fantasy Writers of America, ukutyeba zezidalwa kwamnandi wakha abhalwe ehlabathini.

Iincwadi Best of umbhali

Best Books of Ayzeka Azimova fiction kwi uhlobo - izenzo ezifana "Gods Bazenza", "Base" kunye uthotho "Mna, Robot." Kodwa asingabo bonke indalo yakhe ebalulekileyo. Akukho namnye unako jonga ngcono kwixesha elizayo kangangamawaka eminyaka ngaphambi kwe Ayzek Azimov. "Isiphelo Engunaphakade" - Umbhali ilungileyo inoveli, azinikele ingxaki kwexesha lokuhamba.

amazing Asimov

Bhala iincwadi 500 - kubonakala emangalisayo. Abaninzi musa nokuba ukufunda kangaka ebomini bam. Ayzek Azimov wabhala nje kuphela, wakwazi ukuba nokuba inani enkulu kwezinye iimeko. Waye usihlalo American sezifundo Association, benza lo popularization lenzululwazi, inzululwazi umhleli angeyonyani kweli phephancwadi ebizwa ngegama lakhe. Akazange abathembe arhente zoncwadi kwaye ukhetha ukwenza ngokwam ushishino, nto leyo ke ixesha elininzi. Asimov wakwazi ukuba kwi club usihlalo walo kakhulu babantu. Wenza yonke into isazela. Nokuba intetho encinane iqela lakhe, walungisa ngenyameko. Kwakukho cala ukuba babe neentloni ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo.

Zoqhankqalazo kunye nomda nomdla zombhali. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, unjingalwazi ngamachiza, Asimov akazange ayiphelelanga ukufunda kule nkalo kuphela yenzululwazi. Wayenomdla ezintweni zonke. Ngokuma, yekamva, Ezolimi, imbali, Ezolimi, amayeza, ngezengqondo, yokufundwa - yinto uluhlu nje encinci umbhali ukuzenza yesayensi. Unomdla nje kuphela kwezi zenzululwazi, kodwa ukufunda nzulu. Kwaye incwadi Ayzeka Azimova, ebhalwe kwezi nkalo ulwazi, alusoloko luchanekile yaye nasici ukuthembeka izinto ezingenisiweyo.

umsebenzi popularization isayensi

Ngeminyaka yee-1950, Asimov waqalisa ukubhala ubuntatheli, benza lo popularization yenzululwazi. incwadi yakhe for elivisayo "Chemistry of Life" waba nempumelelo enkulu abafundi, yaye waqonda ukuba ukubhala uxwebhu lusebenza ngayo kulula umdla ngaphezu art. Yena abhale ukuba inani elikhulu jenali amanqaku lwenzululwazi kwimathematika, physics, chemistry, ngeenkwenkwezi. Ubukhulu becala umsebenzi wakhe kuye kwanikelwa ingqalelo abantwana nabafikisayo. Xa kufumaneka kubo ukwenza Azimov waxelela abafundi abaselula izinto ezinzulu.

ngokwabo Asimov

Umbhali waziwa kakhulu kwi kubulela ehlabathini ukuze imisebenzi yakhe uhlobo liphupha kunye nobugqi. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba Ayzek Azimov - umbhali imisebenzi ninzi ngokohlobo loncwadi nenzululwazi ethandwayo. Imbetha iintlobo iimfanelo zakhe.

Umbhali edumileyo yakusasa wabhala incwadi ngembali kuMbindi Mpuma, ngokuvela nokuwa wamaRoma, ubuhlanga kunye yemfuza, nasekusungulweni iphela kunye imfihlelo supernova. Wadala "A Mfutshane History of Biology", apho ngohlobo eyonwabisayo bathetha malunga nophuhliso kwale nzululwazi, ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Omnye umsebenzi, "Ubuchopho bomntu", wancokola ichaza isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo luvo. Kwakhona kule ncwadi iqulathe amabali ezininzi ezibangel 'umdla uphuhliso psihobiohimii yezenzululwazi.

Uninzi iincwadi zombhali nje kufuneka ukuba bafundele abantwana. Omnye wabo - "Popular Anatomy." Ayzek Azimov isixelela ngokweenkcukacha malunga nesakhiwo emangalisayo emzimbeni womntu. Ngendlela yakhe zithwala lula ukuthetha izinto ezinzima umbhali uzama kuvusa umdla womfundi nokwakheka.

incwadi Non-fiction ebhaliweyo Ayzeka Azimova usoloko elingagungqiyo nje, ulwimi eqondakalayo. Yena uyakwazi ukuthetha izinto ezinzima kakhulu fun and umdla.

Liqikelele elizayo. Yintoni Kwathi evela umbhali oqikelelweyo

Ngelo xesha omnye ngesihloko ethandwa kakhulu yaba kwingqikelelo ikamva uluntu eyaziwa fiction ababhali yesayensi. Ingakumbi eninzi ngeenkalo ezahlukeneyo lucetywayo Asimov kunye Arturom Klarkom. Ingcamango ayikho entsha. Ngu Jules Verne kwiincwadi zakhe wachaza ezifunyaniswe ezininzi eziye eyenziwe ngumntu kude kakhulu kamva.

Ngesicelo iphephandaba "The New York Times" ngo-1964, Ayzek Azimov wenza kwingqikelelo ngehlabathi iza kukhangeleka njani njani kwiminyaka engama-50, ngo-2014. Oku kubonakala Akumangalisi, kodwa inkoliso yakusasa okanye nokucingela kuzaliseka, okanye eziqikelelweyo ngokuchanileyo kakhulu. Kakade ke, oku akuthethi kwingqikelelo ngendlela esulungekileyo uhlobo izigqibo zabo malunga nekamva umbhali wenza abantu ngokusekelwe technologies ezikhoyo. Sekunjalo, ukuchaneka amazwi akhe ziyamangalisa.

Yintoni eye kuzaliseka:

1. TV 3D.
2. Cooking iya automated ngeendlela ezininzi. Ikhitshi uya kuba isixhobo "avtogotovki" function.
3. labantu World uya kufikelela 6 billion amazwe.
4. Ngexesha incoko nomntu othile kuluhlu, kunokuthi kubonwe. Phones ziya enokuhanjiswa kwaye ziya kunikwa screen. Nayo iya kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenza kunye imifanekiso uze ufunde iincwadi. Satellites kunceda uqhagamshelane umntu naphi na ehlabathini.
5. Robots abayifumani lonikezelo ngokubanzi.
6. Technique iya kusebenza ngaphandle ingumsipha wombane neebhetri okanye nezihlanganisi.
7. Le ndoda zange umhlaba kwiMars, kodwa program iya kwenziwa ukuba ikoloni layo.
8. Iya kusebenzisa amandla elanga.
9. isifundo computer science ziza kuqaliswa ezikolweni.
10. ngenkuthalo ukuphuhlisa Arctic nenkqantosi, kwakunye nje shelf kwamanzi.

Imiboniso bhanya bhanya lusekelwe elusindisweni ngemisebenzi Ayzeka Azimova. Kukhubazeko film idumileyo

Zimbalwa ababhali baqhayise ngento yokuba iincwadi zabo eziphefumlelweyo bhanya ukudala bhanya esekelwe phezu kwazo. Imisebenzi ye Ayzeka Azimova ulondoloze ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ngowe-1999, ohluza phandle "Bicentennial Man", ezifotwe phezu inoveli by co-Silverberg and Asimov kaThixo "i mntu." Useko umbhali ibali encinane enegama elifanayo isithombe shot. Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne ukuvela robhothi kwixesha elizayo, yengathandi elingeyonyani. kwemvelo kunokwenzeka ubukrelekrele ngumntu, ukuba umntu kokuyaphula uluntu, iirobhothi zokhuseleko, ukoyika kubo, abasemhlabeni - uluhlu imiba ephakanyiswe Azimov umsebenzi wakhe ebanzi kakhulu.

Le filimu ithathwa ingxaki umdla kunene; ukuba irobhothi ube yindoda. Ophambili kwe tape - Android uAndreya, yakhiwe wadlala Robinom Uilyamsom.

Ngowe-2004 kwafika omnye movie enkulu - ". Mna, Robot" Ayzeka Azimova ithathwa umbhali yenoveli kwegama elifanayo, oko isuswe khona. Enyanisweni, baya kubhunga * imifanekiso ezithatyathwe wonke umjikelo we umbhali weencwadi malunga iirobhothi. Le yenye tshintsho kakhulu ngempumelelo imisebenzi Asimov, nto leyo ibonisa kakuhle kakhulu iingxaki ukuba ebi- waphakamisa emsebenzini wakhe.

Ngeli xesha, umboniso lijongana nengxaki nasekusungulweni basemoyeni. Laws of Robotics Ayzeka Azimova wasungula kwabo ngowe-1942, iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo sebali. Ngokutsho kwabo, irobhothi kufuneka ukukhusela abantu kunye kubenzakalisa. Kufuneka uthobele yonke umniniyo, ukuba ngaba kungqubana mthetho ubalulekileyo weerobhoti - lomntu.

Xa ifilimu Artificial Intelligence wiki, iinkampani ezinkulu ekuveliseni robhothi ingqondo yakhe, ngokuthe ngcembe uguquguquka kwaye uza kwisigqibo sokuba uluntu kuyimfuneko ukukhusela ovela ngokwayo, kungenjalo abo bantu ndiya kuyitshabalalisa yonke into. Oluthi omtsha oluphuculweyo iirobhothi, yena nokhupho umzi. Ngelo xesha wabulala abangalwiyo. I-Detective ophambili Del Spooner kunye namaqabane akhe ebusweni benkampani kunye nabasebenzi irobhothi uSonny itshabalalisa Wiki. Le filimu kuchatshazelwa kakubi yi ingxaki ligatya aba matshini bantu benza nabo.

Enye ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwingcamango ethi Ayzeka Azimova "Twilight" - movie "Black Hole" kunye VIN Diesel kwindima isihloko. Le ezibeka free kakhulu imisebenzi yombhali, phantse nto okudibeneyo version yokuqala.

Ukongeza kwezi tshintsho ezintathu screen edumileyo, ngemisebenzi yombhali nazo wadala movie "Twilight", "Isiphelo Engunaphakade" kwaye "uthando Android".

Amabhaso namabhaso

Asimov enelunda kakhulu yayo ibhaso-awinileyo, ingakumbi kummandla liphupha. Baye inombolo enkulu, yaye akumangalisi, anikwe amandla elihle kakhulu umsebenzi umbhali kunye noluhlu lweencwadi yakhe imisebenzi ebhaliweyo 500. Wafumana amabhaso eziliqela, "Hugo" yaye "Nebula", wawongwa Foundation uThomas Alva Edison. Ngokuba umsebenzi wakhe endle zemichiza Azimov wawongwa American Chemical Society.

Ngowe-1987, i "Nebula" Azimov wamnikela Prize sibhalwe eyothusayo - "inkosi enkulu."

ubomi Personal lombhali

Ayzek Azimov iye yaba yimpumelelo njengokuba umbhali, kodwa ubomi lobuqu yombhali ayisoloko kamnandi. Ngowe-1973, emva kweminyaka engama-30 sitshatile, yena wamala umfazi wakhe. Ukususela kulo mtshato abantwana ababini ngasekhohlo. Kulo nyaka watshata umhlobo wakhe omdala Janet Dzheppson.

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi zombhali

Wahlala ke kakhulu ngenxa nemilinganiselo yehlabathi Western - eyi-72. Ngowe-1983 Asimov uqhaqho - utyando bypass entliziyweni. Ngexesha kuyo, umbhali abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngenxa ukutofelwa igazi. Akukho namnye eko reoperation xa uviwo kwafunyaniswa AIDS. Esi sifo esibulalayo kukhokelele ekubeni ukusilela kwezintso, yaye ngoAprili 6, 1992 umbhali enkulu wafa.