Auscultation - is ... Ngokucofa, zezihlokomiso, auscultation

Ngokucofa, umculo, auscultation - a kubuchule bokubhala uviwo emzimbeni ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ehlabathini lonke kwinkqubo loxilongo kwezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ezi ndlela zisetyenziswa kunye kwemichiza kunye nezinye iintlobo wohlalutyo, uphando nezixhobo, iteknoloji isetyenziswa, kukho inani elikhulu. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba eluviweni njongo lidlala indima ebalulekileyo uxilongo.

Auscultation - yeyona ndlela kakhulu ebanzi ulwazi. Oku kusetyenziswa moshilongo kutyando, medicine lwangaphakathi, nokubeleka, wezifo. Ngale ndlela, uphulaphule nokubetha kwentliziyo ka ndingekazalwa, ukuqinisekisa ubukho yinyumoniya, iphika, iziphene ezesifuba nezinye izifo ezininzi abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.

Auscultation wentliziyo abadala

Kunye ulwazi kakhulu, oku kwakhona indlela nto inzima nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Yena ufuna indlebe ogqibeleleyo, ukuva isingqi kunye neenkqubo rhoqo, njengoko kukho inani elikhulu kujonge izinto. Uxilongo indlela auscultation zonyango ukufumanisa isifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo semiphunga kusekwangoko yophuhliso.

Ukuphulaphula intliziyo eyenziwa kwindawo elele okanye imile. Kwezinye izifo, lubonakala lutshintsho ireyithi intliziyo emva umthambo, njalo maxa wambi, kuba ukuxilongwa, isigulane urhoxile imeko yokuphumla ngokwasemzimbeni. indlela auscultation ifuna ukubambelela imithetho ethile;

• ikheswa evela ngumsindo;
• auscultation entliziyweni lwenziwa xa umoya-abambelele (ukuba kunokwenzeka), kwakunye zodwa inhalation kunye nomphunga;
• ifuna ukusetyenziswa yeSkrini kunye yeSkrini ngenxa auskultirovaniya isandi eziphezulu nezisezantsi;
• kuqala ukuqinisekisa ubukho kunye Okukodwa lwezandi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, yaye emva koko kumamela ingxolo nokomzimba okanye zophendlo lwezifo.

emgama intliziyo

Isetyenziswa ukumisela imida umzimba anozizi intliziyo. Kutshanje, le ndlela uthatha isihlalo umva. Ezinye iingcali ukulishiya ngokupheleleyo oko, ngenxa yokuba iziphumo zibuphekhashini, asingabo ichanekile kakhulu kwaye abe ipesenti enkulu icala elinye. Endaweni yale ndlela weza ray ultrasound, enika umfanekiso opheleleyo ubungakanani kunye nendawo umzimba.

Ngokucofa intliziyo

Luphawu ezisetyenziswa uxilongo. Ngokucofa intliziyo yenziwa ukuchaza ngcono indawo ngamandla umlawuli angxamele apical ngokucinezela i ngomnwe ukuya kwindawo efanelekileyo. Kwezinye izifo luphawulwa iingcangcazela omhle esifubeni, okanye "ikati kaThixo purr syndrome."

Ukukwazi indlebe, eve

Intliziyo akaphulaphuli ngendlela bahlupheke. Kukho projections semigudu kwentliziyo phezu kwesifuba. Zonke ezine kubo.

1. Mitral - IV ubambo ekhohlo kwentamo.
2. Aortic - edge III, uye ekunene kwentamo.
3. Le umba pulmonary - III isithuba intercostal ngasekhohlo.
4. Tricuspid - IV isithuba intercostal ngasekunene.

Noko ke, ingongoma auscultation zahluke kancinane ukusuka ngeprojektha ngqo, ngokuba isandi kwezi ndawo kucace gca kwaye ziqondakale.

1. Njengezona intliziyo - valve mitral.
2. isithuba intercostal II kwicala lasekunene kwentamo - aortic.

Umqondiso ebalulekileyo izifo ezimbi ingxolo kwentliziyo, esenokuba rhoqo okanye kwenzeka emva kokuba umthwalo ethile. Simele sibe nako ukuva kakuhle kakhulu kwaye uve yonke intliziyo isingqisho engaqhelekanga. Kubalulekile ukujonga kuphela isandi kodwa nomlinganiswa kunye nendawo nokubunjwa kwayo. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke kwi systole kunye diastole.

Yezifo, ukusebenza komzimba, okanye inokuba kuphela ingxolo, kodwa ke izigaba ukusebenza. Xa lokufunyaniswa auscultation intliziyo kunceda. auscultation ingongoma efanayo naleyo echazwe ngasentla. Ngamana Ifomu III kunye IV abanzi ezongezelelweyo ezivelayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo (interval kwexesha, lo systole iqhezu lokuqala-yesibini okanye diastole).

Intliziyo Small - imbopheleleko enkulu

Abantwana auscultation - oku kuyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu uxilongo. Umntwana, ingakumbi encinane ngenxa yobudala babo akakwazi ingxelo ngayo iingxaki zabo. Wezifo kufuneka indlebe elibukhali yaye iqondo eliphezulu lokufunda nokubhala, njengoko iithowuni intliziyo yomntwana utshintshe kunye nokukhula kwayo. Inokumiselwa iingxolo esebenza okanye aziqhelekanga. Kubalulekile ukwenza inkcazo lothelekiso phakathi iithowuni yokuqala neyesibini amandla okanye ugxininiso. Nayiphi na impatho ubungqina eziliqela iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo emzimbeni bomntwana.

uxilongo mahluko wesifo sentliziyo ebantwaneni usebenzisa indlela auscultation

sound intliziyo	kubeka	I-pathology luveze (zomzimba)
kuqala	Enkcochoyini kwentliziyo	Le orifice atrioventricular ngasekhohlo iingqameko
okwesibini	aorta	Lwegazi, okanye uphawu bokuphila ukufikisa
okwesibini	pulmonary	Patent ductus arteriosus, stenosis, insufficiency vana bicuspid, isiphako interatrial okanye ekudibaneni interventricular, pulmonary kwimithambo sclerosis, pulmofibroz, myocarditis, congestive kwi kwegazi pulmonary
Yokuqala neyesibini	Kuzo zonke iindawo	Intliziyo enempilo emva umthambo (ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni-emotional)

Ukongeza ingqalelo, ukuze buthathaka iithowuni iintliziyo okanye uphuphu yabo. Auscultation ke elibanzi zikhona ukuba ugqirha uyakwazi ukumamela.

Ukukhulelwa ne auscultation

iphepha intliziyo ibhuqiwe kwaye iqala ukwala sele kwiveki yesithathu yokukhulelwa, yaye ezintandathu wakhe weva kwi-US. Lokufunyaniswa unina kunye umbungu kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha yaye ngokukodwa ngethuba lokubeleka. Ubungakanani kunye nesiqulatho esoloko itshintsha zokhaliso ngokuthelekiswa Palsy.

Auscultation umbungu ngaloo ndlela kakhulu elula nesebenzayo yabo isigqibo nempumelelo yayo. Ukwenza lo nyathelo elula kufuna yeSkrini yokubelekisa (eliboniswe ngezantsi). Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa yeSkrini.

It zingahlukaniswa lonke ithuba lokukhulelwa ixesha eziliqela (ukuba izinga intliziyo eziqhelekileyo ezingekazalwa, kwakunye nohlobo inzaliseko yabo).

Kunika umdla ukuba kwiveki yesi-6 emva kokukhulelwa, izinga intliziyo umntwana ingqamana kunye nomzali. Umahluko inokuba isikhonkwane 3 phezulu okanye ezantsi. zokunciphisa ngaphezulu inani kuqala ukukhula. Njengoko izinga intliziyo kwandisa ngalunye kuqhume-3, kuvumelekile ukufumanisa ephakadeni histologically olungekazalwa.

Heart ngokwayo emva kweenyanga ezimbini zokukhulelwa lwahlulwe yi izahlulelo ezingontsini ezine - imithambo kunye ventricles. Esi sakhiwo odale i yomzimba omdala. Ekuqaleni kwiveki 9 Intliziyo ezingekazalwa wenza malunga 175 ibetha ngomzuzu. Okulandelayo, amaza kunciphisa ukusuka ezintathu yesibini, engekazalwa eqhelekileyo uba 140-160 of ayekelele. Nakuphi na ukutenxa kulo kubonisa hypoxia kunye tachycardia ubonakalise isidanga sokuqala ioksijini kwale nkqubo, kwaye bradycardia - inyathelo enzima, efuna ukungenelela.

Ngokucofa Palsy

Uvalo kwisiqingatha sesibini nokukhulelwa ukufumanisa indawo olungekazalwa nezibilini zayo ngamnye wesibeleko. Ukongeza, kwagqitywa ubudala sokukhulelwa kamama nokuphakama bemi ngezantsi, kwakunye intloko womntwana ukuba ibihleli licinezelwe esangweni isitya esincinane - ezi harbingers yokuqala yokuzalwa. Xa nokubeleka Leopold wasebenzisa indlela equka amanyathelo ezine eziphambili.

Auscultation nasekuzaleni

izinga intliziyo qegu inokuba njengokubonisa leengxaki kunye sabaqalayo kunzima ukuva. Oku kwenzeka xa koomama esiswini udonga ukuqina (ukutyeba), indawo ezingekazalwa ephosakeleyo (umz, imbono elingasemva Occipital okanye breech) polyhydramnios kunye t. D. badla kakhulu wu- izinga iithowuni intliziyo kwenzeka kwixesha generic. Uxilongo umzimba ezingekazalwa ngeli xesha, kubalulekile kakhulu.

Enye yeendlela Kuvavanyo komithiyo - Ngokucofa. Kuyanceda ukucacisa indawo olungekazalwa kunye yayo. Kodwa isiphumo esifanayo kunokufikelelwa xa ngenxa uxilongo zophuhliso ezingekazalwa le auscultation intliziyo esetyenzisiweyo. auscultation ingongoma iimpawu. Ukuba kwentliziyo bucaciswe kakuhle ngakumbi ngaphezu unina inkaba, lo umbungu breech ntetho, ukuba ngezantsi - entloko. Umntwana usenokuba nomdlandla, sijike 'ukusuka ngapha nangapha, "lonke ixesha yokukhulelwa. Ukuphulaphula ilizwi ecacileyo kwinqanaba inkaba ubonisa indawo ezinqamlezayo.

Auscultation luxilongo izifo zemiphunga

Auscultation - iyindlela udlala ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni unesifo yezifo zemiphunga. Ukwahlula iifomu ezifanelekileyo (okanye vesicular) kunye ezahlukeneyo ezingaqhelekanga ukuphefumla. Kwakhona, uphawu uphawu iintlobo zezifo rales ezomileyo okanye emanzi ukuba iimpawu ezithile auscultation. Auscultation indawo amalungiselelo symmetrically.

utshintsho bokuphila internal vesicular

Ukuba umntu olungileyo okanye, icala, ephuhliswe kakuhle ubunzima kwezihlunu, uye izihlunu hypertrophied adipose, ukuguqulwa ukuphefumla isenokuba bejonge buthathaka, kunye nenzuzo yayo. Auscultation esetyenziswa kunye yeSkrini.

Ukuqinisa internal vesicular na iimpawu ebantwaneni. Elinye igama lakhe, leyo kuviwa abezonyango - puerile. Kukho enye inkalo ekhethekileyo - nakuzo phezu iindawo twatsa lwelungelo kunye namacala ekhohlo.

Uxilongo yomoya ngu auscultation

Auscultation bronchitis eyenziwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Xa yokuphulaphula uphawu kweqonga nokoyika vesicular umoya nzima uhlobo. A yokusabela nangokurhala, licuthe kwimibhobho inyumoniya. Sizoku lwisana umoya ukuqina kwagqitywa ukutswina eyomileyo, kwaye inokuba nomahluko ngethoni, kwakunye ikhumbuza ayihlali kunye amakhwelo. Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bronchi kunye neqondo bubukho ubunkazana bazo. Bona weva kakuhle kuzo zombini izigaba ukuphefumla.

Ngophuhliso iphika, imveliso yomoya ukunyuka yencindi, kunye auscultation wazityhila medium ophuphumayo rale.

Ukuwumamela emiphungeni kuhle xa isigulane umi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthelekisa izandi umoya kwaye ukutswina kwi manqaku manye lwelungelo kunye nomzimba ekhohlo. Kukho ulandelelwano ethile aphulaphula - indawo auscultation - nemiphunga.

Umele uqale ngo ezincotsheni uze uhlole umphezulu ngaphambili, uze emva koko icala nangesemva. Xa yomoya elide angazibandakanya ingxolo ezongeziweyo, umzekelo, crepitus, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba utshintsho lwe ukudumba kwi yomoya asezantsi.

Auscultation emiphungeni oluqhutywa kwizigaba ezininzi; kwi kubunzulu oqhelekileyo nempefumlo emva ukukhohlela. Ingakumbi ngokweenkcukacha sihlolisise ingongoma auscultation, ezo zezona "akrokra 'ukuba ugqirha.

Uxilongo lwe kwemigudu yomoya nayo yakhelwe phezu data auscultation kunye nezifundo kwilebhu izinto eziphilayo. Xa ukumamela lung vesicular uhlobo ukuphefumla egqitywe phambi ingumphunga elide ngqongqo okanye kwinqanaba oyingozi. Ngamanye amaxesha, iphika esinganyangekiyo kuphakamisa uphuhliso sifo kakhulu ngakumbi - emphysema. "Cotton" Kulo mzekelo, iba umoya. Ngexesha ukutswina etsolo ukuba kulo lonke kumphezulu semiphunga.

emgama ukukhanya

Uphando umculo ingaqhutywa ngeendlela ezintathu: evunyelwe indawo survey ngqo nge kwipleyiti okanye umnwe kwi ngomnwe. Okwangoku, eyona esebenzayo lowo wokugqibela. Lendlela ayifuni izixhobo ezongezelelweyo kugqirha, kwaye iimviwo yemiphunga zako ulwazi.

Emgama babe orientation lokuthelekisa okanye ubume bendalo. Lwalo kakhulu ethandwayo yokuqala, esetyenziswa ukuze ukuchonga emathunjini. Basimisela itywina, ngoko zibuphekhashini isandi ngaphezu kwabo buthuntu ngaphezu olunempilo ijwabu semiphunga.

Kukho shades ezininzi kunye neethowuni kufunxwa xa uzihlola isandi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufanele kube elikhulu, shrill kunye ixesha elide. Ukuba kukho anozizi, anozizi ithoni, eziyiyo sisinyithi, kweebhokisi okanye thympanitis - libonisa ubukho umguli, okanye ezinye iinkqubo ukudumba emiphungeni, efuna ungenelelo lonyango.

Auscultation kwi lokufunyaniswa izifo lokugaya

Ukuphulaphula lisetyenziswa njengendlela une eziliqela izifo iphecana zesisu. Uphononongo olwenziwe yi ugqirha usebenzisa yeSkrini, okanye ukubeka indlebe yakhe eludongeni esiswini. Ngale ndlela kumiselwa ubukho (lokungabikho emsebenzini) peristalsis ethunjini okanye isisu.

Auscultation lwenziwa kumgaqo oluthelekisayo, oko kukufumana umfanekiso ngokwaneleyo zokumamela kufuneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka ukuba aqhube uphando cwaka yaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle linalo na uxinzelelo esiswini.

Ngokucofa esiswini

Uviwo lwe esiswini ithwala indlela informativeness Ngokucofa eliphezulu. It wenziwa uxinzelelo gentle kwi esiswini. Kufuneka uqale nasemiphakathweni lasekhohlo ngezandla ezishushu, ukuze kubangela ukungakhululeki isigulane. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuba ngaphandle udonga esiswini reflex akhululeke.

Ukuhlolwa uyidlulisela Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa ekunene ekhohlo isiqingatha ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Uxinzelelo kummandla epigastric - yokugqibela. Nale bomzimba egqitywe kwizigqeba ngezigqeba imeko eludongeni esiswini, ubukho ulwelo esiswini (kumahlandinyuka syndrome).

emgama esiswini

indlela umculo ukumisela imida wesibindi, udakada, njengoko sandi buthuntu ngokupheleleyo (hip). Ukongeza, sithelekisa thympanitis esiswini kunye isisu, ugqirha ungenza une kwimiqobo kuye nawuphi na namasebe.

Absolute isibindi anozizi ngokuqhelekileyo ichazwe kwicala lasekunene kwi isithuba intercostal IV ngokwemiqathango kumgca ingono avareji. Ukuba ngethuba loviwo kule ndawo sandi tympanic wabonakala, oku kubonisa perforation amalungu, oko kukuthi lweHo- kukho ulwelo.

Percussing spleen akukho ukubaluleka practical: edge poschupyvaetsya yayo ngezantsi ngokulula uvalo.