Ingaba ikhona emphysema unyango? Oonobangela kunye neempawu

Ibangelwa umonakalo kwi-alveoli nesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo ebizwa emphysema. Pathology kubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla alinyangeki.

Yintoni ebangela emphysema

Unobangela oqhelekileyo esi sifo ukutshaya. Xa iintshayi enzima umsi wecuba kukhokelela vuhlayiseki iinkqubo etshabalalisayo kwi alveoli. Eyona nto ingcono unokuyenza kulo mzekelo - ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Lo mqathango uza kuyeka kwiinkqubo zeethishu alveolar entshabalalo, nokuphucula imeko yezempilo. Kodwa ekuxilongweni emphysema yemiphunga kunokuba nje kuphela iintshayi. Ngamanye amaxesha le sifo luphuhlisa ngenxa esinye isizathu - ngenxa yokungabikho alpha-1-antitrypsin - glycoprotein, nto leyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela imiphunga ekutshatyalalisweni kwithishyu. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba kweli xesha lethu, indima enkulu kuphuhliso lwe emphysema ukudlala imiba engentle yokusingqongileyo, kubandakanywa ungcoliseko lomoya. Ukongeza, isifo ukuze bandiqumbise inhalation rhoqo iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo imichiza, uthuli, oluludaka umoya isamente.

ngezigaba

Unga kubalaselisa wafaka (primary) emphysema yemiphunga ukuvela ngokwayo, kwaye zasesekondari, apho uphuhliso lwenzeka ngokuchasene nentsukaphi nezinye izifo zamaphaphu, adla bronchitis obstructive. Kubungakanani leengxaki yahlulahlulwe yaba kunye kwentamo. Kwaye kuxhomekeke kubungakanani neyentshabalalo acinus, nto leyo iyunithi noshowo kwemiphunga, cell ukuba ezi ntlobo emphysema njengoko panatsinarnaya (xa ubethwe yi yonke acinus) tsentriatsinarnaya (alveoli kumangaliswa embindini acinus) periatsinarnaya (usindwa inxenye distal umzimba noshowo yeyunithi).

Iimpawu emphysema

Ukukhokela uphawu - kuba dyspnea expiratory, ekhatshwa ubunzima ukukhupha umoya. Ekuqaleni, kubonakala kuphela xa umthambo, yaye ekugqibeleni sichubeka kwenzeka nokuba ukuphumla. Ubunzulu le uphawu kuxhomekeke koko degree na ukusilela sokuphefumla. Kunye ukuphelelwa khohlo ngumphefumlo, apho yakhululwa expectoration oluncinane yangaphakathi. degree kuthiwa of ukusilela nokuphefumla ubonakala ubuso puffy, cyanosis, udumba ngemithambo entanyeni. Ill aqale ukuba unciphise umzimba ngenxa yokusebenzisa ophezulu amandla ngenxa nokusebenza izihlunu zifo. Ukuba esi sifo singanyangwa kwinkqubo Cardio-pulmonary liphuhlise utshintsho pathophysiological vuhlayiseki.

Emphysema: isifo kwaye afumane unyango neempawu

Ukuchonga sifo, spirometry olwenziwa - isifundo ejolise yokulinganisa umoya ukurhogele / iyaphuma, iimvavanyo zegazi, isifuba X-ray. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, emphysema asinyangeki. therapy yesondlo isetyenziselwa okudambisa iimpawu. Oku kuquka ukuthatha amayeza kuthintela olunye kokutshatyalaliswa alveoli, kunye ukuyifundisa. Ukuba emphysema ezibangelwa kukutshaya, kuyimfuneko ukulishiya ngoko nangoko umkhwa amanyala - waqhubeka nokutshaya kunokukhokelela kakuhle ekufeni. Long-term uxolelo lwezo esi sifo ngokuthi kubekho iiseshoni ukuyifundisa.