Auschwitz - isixeko ePoland. Imbali kunye ezinomtsalane kwisixeko

Auschwitz - isixeko the Republic of Poland, ogama gama lidla saviwa. Yintoni imbali lugcwele umzi? Zeziphi iindawo ezinika iye?

Auschwitz

Esi sixeko ibekwe neekhilomitha 60 ukusuka Krakow. Le ise emathafeni eAuschwitz kufuphi nendawo apho Vistula River sola siwe Pshempsh. Yinto idolophu encinane ePoland, apho sidume okubuhlungu kulo lonke ihlabathi ngexesha Second World War njengoko eAuschwitz. Apha wayengomnye kwiinkampu zoxinaniso inkulu.

Namhlanje, isixeko likhaya abemi malunga nezigidi ezingama-40. Modern Auschwitz liphuhlisa njengeziko zorhwebo nezoshishino ezinkulu lizwe. Kwaye ke abantu bona zigxininise ekubizweni Polish igama - "Auschwitz", kunokuba isiJamani "Auschwitz", ebakhumbuza malunga iziganeko ezibuhlungu kwangaphambili. Esi sixeko iimpawu ezintathu ezisemthethweni: iflegi, imifanekiso kunye logo. Xa iflegi isixeko umfanekiso kophawu lwesizwe kwisiqalo oluhlaza. Auschwitz ingubo lwesizwe ubonisa ithawa uphahla ebomvu amaxhalanga ezimbini emacaleni. Le Umfuziselo isixeko kwenziwa ngo-2002, phezu kwayo ngokwegrafu ichaza ngemfano ihobe - uphawu uxolo nomanyano phakathi zonke iintlanga.

indaba

Esi sixeko ePoland wabonakala ngenkulungwane XII, yaye kamva wamginya phantse ngokupheleleyo. Kwinkulungwane XIII ke labuyiselwa kwaye kwangoko yaba edolophini. Auschwitz baba iingxabano rhoqo phakathi Czech Republic nePoland, njengoko isixeko kudala ibe liziko kwintengiso yetyuwa.

Kwinkulungwane XVI oko wayeqalisa ikoloni kumaYuda. Kwinkulungwane kamva ukumkani Polish Władysław IV ubanika ilungelo ukuba bahlale ekhaya, kanye emnyango yesikhungu kunye nezizathu amangcwaba. Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX amaYuda uyayenza malunga ne-40% yabantu ezidolophini.

Ngenkulungwane XVIII, isixeko yaba yinxalenye yoBukhosi Austria. Njengenxenye Poland ubuyela emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Ngexesha ulawulo Austria IAuschwitz waba isiphambuka kaloliwe omkhulu, oko owakha mveliso, isikolo, ibandla. Inxalenye sokuyilwa ezisezidolophini elo xesha isagciniwe nangoku.

Phambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II EAuschwitz, bekukho abangaphezu kwe-8000 amaYuda. Ngowe-1939 yena wangena esixekweni amabutho isiJamani, ukuthimba kwi Wesithathu. Apha waququzelela kwinkampu yoxinaniso. Esi sixeko akhululwa ngo-1945.

Auschwitz yangaphambili

Le dolophu ziyatyelelwa qho ngonyaka ngamawaka abantu, ukuba azive emoyeni kanye walawula ikukudandatheka apha. AmaJamani walibiza Auschwitz. Yeyona igama iminyaka emininzi wanamathela kwimemori lwehlabathi.

Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba kuthinjwe kwintsimi Polish amabutho yaseJamani amalungiselelo inkampu apha, olu sapho lwaluquka ezintathu. Amakhulu amawaka abantu zigcinwe enqabeni emxinwa. Ngexesha lemfazwe, ngaphezu kwesigidi abantu babulawa yaseAuschwitz, 90% babo amaYuda.

Le dolophu akhululwa ngo-1945, yaye ngowe-1947, eminqubeni waba imyuziyam. Ngoku Auschwitz zifakiwe kwi-World List Heritage. Abaququzeleli be-lolondolozo lwembali washiya enqabeni neengcingo ezihlabayo. zombukiso ezahlukeneyo ezinikelwe kwizizwe ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezi ufakelo ezintsha, iifoto ezindala, iimpahla kunye nezinye izinto amabanjwa.

Xa zombukiso enye eludongeni negilasi ezininzi kuThixo izihlangu kunye nezihlangu yelo Auschwitz amabanjwa. It is a mbono ukuma nganye.

lwalunjani emzini

Ngaphandle kwinkampu myuziyam iyaqhubeka. Beyond iindonga inkampu yangaphambili kakhulu ezahlukeneyo - cute kunye ethandeka Auschwitz. Okubonwayo aloo mzi - yinto izitalato ekuqhelekileyo yaseYurophu ezivaliweyo bokwakha yamandulo.

Le dolophu uba enqabeni elakhiwa ngenkulungwane XII. Nguye lo isakhiwo indala EAuschwitz. Le nqaba ibekwe phezu kwentaba yaye singqongwe imithi yehlathi. Ngexesha ukuhlasela, Tartars lachithwa. Zenja Meshko II yakhiwe kwakhona ngayo kwinkulungwane XII, singqongwe ngeendonga ngexesha elifanayo.

Auschwitz kukho iicawa ezininzi ubudala. Umzekelo, iBandla Ingqikelelo Virgin Mary okanye Virgin Mary kwiCawa Yokuzalwa. Xa kumbindi wedolophu unguye Town Hall kunye Market Square. Uyacelwa ukuba unike ingqalelo eSt kaMajeke Chapel kunye Church of Lady Lwethu Memoirs of Ikhoboka.

Ukuhamba kwezitrato Auschwitz, sibona ezininzi izindlu ezakhiwe ngokwaneleyo umdla. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kukho indlu Szymon Kluger - amaYuda lokugqibela abahlala esixekweni. Ngoku Museum yamaYuda ibekwe kwikhaya lakhe.

Ngaphakathi kule dolophu kukuliphi kunye mangcwaba yamaYuda kunye yamaYuda Yesikhungu Chevra Lomdey Mishnaes, owasekwa ngo-1918.

isiphelo

Auschwitz - isixeko kunye nembali ende kwaye inzima, nto leyo eye macala mabini. Elinye icala - elidlulileyo embi kabuhlungu, njengoko oko kungqinwa kwinkampu yoxinaniso. Enye - oku izitrato yamandulo, yezinto zokwakha kunye nomoya mnandi.