Amanqanaba e-schizophrenia: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye neempawu zonyango

Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bayabizana ngokuthi "schizophrenics" ngenxa yokungazenzisiyo, ukuthabatha okanye ukuphendula ngendlela engafanelekanga kwengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu babizwa ngokuba bangasigxina kwaye banokutshintsha ngokulula izigqibo zabo. Kancinci sisityale kule ngcamango kwaye singakanani esingaziyo ngokwenene kwisifo, indlela ezibonakalisa ngayo kwaye ziziphi izigaba ze-schizophrenia.

Yintoni i-schizophrenia?

I-Schizophrenia yiqela elipheleleyo leengxaki zengqondo ezidibene nokuphazamiseka kweempembelelo zengqondo, ingxaki yokuqonda yehlabathi elijikelezile, ngokwalo kunye nokucinga. I-Schizophrenia inokuqatshelwa ngamanani amanqaku ahlukeneyo:

• Ukuziphatha okungonelanga.
• Ukuguquka kwemizwelo engacacanga.
• Ulwaphulo olungenangqiqo.
• Ukungahambisani nokucinga.
• Ukunyanzeliswa kwentetho kunye nemisebenzi yemoto.
• Iingcamango zokuphicothwa kwamabhuku.
• Bullshit.

Ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lweempawu, iingxoxo ziqhubekayo, nokuba i-schizophrenia ingaqwalaselwa njengesifo esahlukileyo, okanye oku kukuxilongwa emva kokuba kukho ubuninzi be-syndromes kunye neengxaki zengqondo.

Ngubani ongagula

Uphando lubonisa ukuba kwiplanethi, malunga neephesenti ezingama-0.5 zabantu bonke zikwinqanaba elinye okanye esinye sesifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-disorder iqala ukuzibonakalisa ebuncinane, malunga ne-20-30 iminyaka. Ziyabathinteka ngokufanayo ngokuqhelekileyo ngamadoda nabasetyhini.

Izizathu

Kuyaziwa ukuba abantu abahlala kweso sixeko babhekene ne-schizophrenia ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabantu basekuhlaleni. Omnye udibana nemingcipheko yokugula ngesifo sokuzalwa. Kuboniswa ukuba ukuba ilungu lentsapho (umama, uyise, umzalwana okanye udade) ubandezeleka kwesi sifo, amathuba okuqala isigaba se-schizophrenia inyathelo liphezulu.

Ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuba utywala lwe-schizophrenic kunye neziyobisi. Nangona kukho inkolelo yokuba, ngokuchaseneyo, ixhomekeke ekuxhomekeke kwiziyobisi kunye nokuxhomekeka kotywala kunye nomnqweno wokuthintela ukukhathazeka kunye nokwesaba okuhambisana nokugula kwengqondo.

Ukuxhomekeka okuxhamlayo komngcipheko wesi sifo kuya kubonwa ngokufunda izibalo. Ngokwezibalo, abantu abazalelwa entwasahlobo nasebusika, bagula kakhulu. Kwakhona, izifo ezithwala isibeleko zandisa ukwanda kwe-psyche kwesi sifo.

Isizathu esithandwayo kakhulu somvelaphi we-schizophrenia yi-dopamine theory. Abantu abaphilileyo, i-hormone ye-dopamine, i-neurotransmitter ejongene nombuso wengqondo yomntu, iveliswa ngesixa esithile. Iqondo eliphantsi okanye eliphakanyisiweyo lalo hormone lenza i-hallucinations, mania, i-nonsense- iimpawu eziphambili ze-schizophrenia.

Iimpawu

Kukho amaqela amathathu empawu eziphambili:

• Ukuvelisa (positive) - i-hallucinations, delirium.
• Ukungalungi (ukungabikho komsebenzi) - ukunganakwa, ukungabi nentswelo, ubuthathaka, ukutshatyalaliswa.
• Iingcamango zokungaqondakali kwehlabathi, ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yengqondo, ingqwalasela, ukungahambisani nokuthetha.

Isigaba seProdromal

Njengezifo ezininzi, i-schizophrenia inexesha elidlulileyo. Leli nqanaba lokuqala le-schizophrenia. Eli lixesha apho isifo asikaqalanga ukuphuhlisa, kodwa ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zokuqala zesifo sele zixelele ugqirha kunye nesigulane ngesifo esifikile. Kubonakala ukuba kwimeko ye-schizophrenia, iimpawu ezinjalo zingabonwa malunga neenyanga ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokuqala kweempawu ezibonakalayo.

Iimpawu zeprodrome:

• Ukutshatyalaliswa;
• Ukuhlaliswa koluntu;
• Umoya ophantsi;
• Ukuvakalelwa ngabanye;
• Ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya kobugwenxa.

Izigaba ze-schizophrenia

1. Ixesha lokuqala liyinqanaba lokuqala le-schizophrenia. Iimpawu emva kokuba ixesha elidlulileyo liqiniswe kwaye libizwe ngakumbi. Eli nqanaba lide lide lide lide. Impawu:

• Ukutshatyalaliswa.
• U kuhaha.
• Ukunyuka kwamandla kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba.
• Ukuchithwa okanye ukunyanzeliswa.
• Ingxaki yokuzibona kwimiba ehlabathini.

2. Esebenzayo, isigaba esibi. Eli xesha le sifo lihlala lisusela kwinyanga ukuya kweyesibini. Impawu kule nqanaba ye-schizophrenia ziyimpawu:

• Ukuphahlazeka kwengqondo.
• Iingcamango ezinamandla.
• Ukungakwazi ukwahlula ukunyaniseka kwezinto ezikhohlisayo.
• Ukudideka kwentetho kunye nengcamango.

3. Inqanaba lokugqibela libonakaliswa yimpawu ezinqabileyo (ukunganakwa, ukunganakwa, ukuzola). Kwenzeka emva kwesigaba esiqatha kwaye sichazwa ngokukhethekileyo ukuba akukho lonyango olufanelekileyo lwenziwa.

4. Ukuxolelwa. Xa izigaba zokuqala ze-schizophrenia zidlulayo, ubomi buya kuphucula kwaye, kubonakala, buyela kwikhosi yayo yangaphambili.

5. Ubuyela kwakhona. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-schizophrenia iyabuya, kwaye isigulane (kunye nezihlobo zakhe) ziya kuhlangabezana nazo zonke iingxaki zesifo sengqondo kwakhona. Zonke izigaba zesifo ziyakwazi ukuphinda ziphindwe iminyaka emininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuqaphela ukuhlala rhoqo kunye neempawu zesifundo sesifo kumntu othile. Xa uneminyaka yobudala, inani lokuphindaphinda livame ukunyuka, kodwa kukho iimeko zokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo.

Ezi zigaba ze-schizophrenia zahlula kakhulu ngokwemimiselo. Kodwa isifo ngasinye sihamba, kwaye le mijikelezo iphindaphindiwe emva komnye ubomi. I-Schizophrenics ihlala ihlala kwilizwe elithile. Yaye iqala malunga nexesha elivisayo. Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kunomntu ngamnye. Omnye ngexesha lokuxhatshaza uyeka ukuqonda ihlabathi elikujikelezile kwaye uvale ngokwakhe. Abanye bafumana ubunzima obukhulu ngokulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwabo, badinga ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele.

Izigulane ezininzi kwisigaba sokuxolelwa zihlala ubomi obuqhelekileyo kunye nethemba lokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo bazama ukuchitha ixesha elininzi njengoko kunokwenzeka bodwa, abanomdla kwisini esahlukileyo kwaye banokwesaba ukuphindaphinda.

Ukuphathwa kakubi kweziyobisi kukuchaphazela ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo. Iyanciphisa iimpawu kwaye kuphucula impilo yonke yezigulane.

Unyango

Unyango lwe-schizophrenia luphawu oluthe xaxa, luquka unyango (ezinokuthula) kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa uluntu kunye nengqondo.

Kwisigaba esichukumisayo / esisebenzayo schizophrenia, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unyango phakathi kwesibhedlele. Oku kuya kukhusela isiguli ukuzibulala kwimeko echaphazelayo, ncedise izihlobo zesigulane, kuba ukunakekelwa kwesi sigulane kunzima kakhulu kwaye ngabanye (kakhulu baninzi balahlekelwa ithuba lokuzinyamekela, kwaye ukuziphatha kwabo kubonwa njengentlalo engavumelekanga). Ukongezelela, iindlela zokunyanga esibhedlele zikhokelela ekuqalekeni kokuxolelwa.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane ezine-schizophrenia emva kwexesha lokuxhalabisa lihlala lisebenza kwaye ngenkxaso yamayeza kunye neengcali zingakhokelela ubomi obuqhelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi.