Yintoni sothuke Sergiev Posad: Museum of zokudlala!

Russia kukade icangcisiwe, idume iimveliso ezithandwayo ekhaya eyenziwe, ayikho ubuncinane phakathi zokudlala. impahla 'Ukuhlekisa Usebenziso "eyenziwe ngomthi, ezenziwe papier-intlama, udongwe kunye nezinye izinto. Ezifunwa kakhulu Sergiev Posad zokudlala.

Ukususela emnyango iMoscow

Sergiev Posad ibekwe asixhenxe kuphela kwiikhilomitha kancinane ukusuka eMoscow. Le dolophu encinane kodwa elihle yinxalenye Golden Ring eRashiya. Trip ku kusonwabisa abahambi ezininzi, ingakumbi ukuba uhambo kunye nabantwana. Loo nto inika umdla gqitha ezinika Sergiev Posad Toy Museum anaso phakathi apho indawo yokugqibela.

Kakade ke, okokuqala yonke idolophu Russian idume Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra, apho izinto ezingcwele St. Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Yiyo lo mzi ungcwele sikhona. Ngowe-1340, yimonki, waseka eMonastri encinane, walahleka yehlathi. Emhlabeni cloisters baqalisa ukuba kuvela zokuhlala ezincinci. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwasekwa enye maxe- ezinkulu eRashiya apho. Isihlokomiso uCatherine II ngowe-1782, ezi zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo afakelwe umzi, leyo kuthiwa Sergiev Posad. (. 1930-1992 gg) Kweli xesha eSoviet lomzi elinye igama - Zagorsk.

Arts and yezandla yachuma

Zabanquli zazithontelana ukuya Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra bevela kulo lonke ihlabathi. Oku kube negalelo ekubeni wobugcisa ezahlukeneyo baqala ukuphuhlisa kwiilali ezikufutshane. amagcisa Products zizixhamlele kwimfuno. Ingakumbi umtsalane ama zokudlala, zaba nemikrolo ngokhuni.

Kukho ngokwesithethe aphawula ukuqala ityala wayityatya yokudlala yokuqala umphathi Sergiy Radonezhsky. Emnye nabasemzini ukuthenga izinto zokudlala abantwana babo.

Phakathi ababehamba beza yokuthandaza Abbey, baba ezo tsars Russian, abantwana babo, kananjalo, akazange eya ku zokudlala ngamaplanga. "Ukuhlekisa Usebenziso" sleigh namahashe, iziciko, neenkamba, bratinki - kwaba zonke ekuqokelelweni abantwana basebukhosini. Ayimangalisi into yokuba ngoku odumileyo Toy Museum Sergiyev Posad.

Loqalo lwencopho

Xa engcanjini myuziyam yaba uNikolay Dmitrievich Bartram, ekuzobeni, utitshala kunye mbali. Weza evela kwiphondo Kursk. Impilo akuvumelekanga Nicholas ukugqiba kwiSikolo eMoscow of Irestyu yeHlabathi. Kodwa yena bathabatheka ekudalweni zokudlala kwaye kwilifa lakhe kwilizwe lokuzalwa kuye udale yokusebenzela apho kukho ezininzi ziyamangalisa zenziwa phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, kunye imizobo yakhe.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uNicholas Bartram waqalisa ukufunda ngembali yokudlala, uze emva koko kwabakho ingqokelela wakhe. Waya kumaziko amaninzi obugcisa bezandla of Russia bazizisa iziphumo naphi umdla.

Ngowe-1904, ND Bartram bahlala eMoscow yaye kungekudala waba yintloko yesebe lobugcisa le unokwakhela Museum, apho wadala studio kwakhona. Noko ke, de kube lelo xesha kwakukho Museum of Toys e Sergiev Posad, kwakusekho elininzi ixesha.

Ukususela siqu Museum

Nokuba xa uhambisa eMoscow Nicholas Bartram waba ingqokelela enkulu zokudlala. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, akuyi kuphela zizityebi, kodwa ukwandisa ngeendleko impahla yendlu, isinxibo iintsomi, kwaye nkqu zokudlala bokwakha.

Ukususela ngo-1910, igcisa ukubetha kwingcamango ngokudala yimyuziyam zokudlala. Ukugaya ezahlukeneyo izicwangciso, iiprojekthi kunye nokwenza imizobo. Kwaye ngo-1918 ngokwenene wavula Toy Museum eMoscow. Ekuqaleni, oko ibekwe endlini yakhe Bartram wathabatha amagumbi ezine. Yonke imiboniso zaye yahlulwe yangamacandelo 4: Ayaz yonopopi, zokudlala iintsomi, iincwadi ukonwabisa kunye imidlalo kwezemfundo.

Ingqokelela myuziyam uhlala ihlaziywe, indawo kwigumbi le womzobi akwanelanga. Ngowe-1924 myuziyam bafudukela kwisakhiwo eyahlukileyo - kwindlu Manor Khrushchev-Seleznev ukuba ibekwe kwi Prechistenka. Toy Museum baduma ngaloo minyaka; yesibini kuphela Tretyakov Gallery. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle yokuba kubekho ingqokelela ephawulekayo zokudlala leyo, ngasendleleni, ayikwazanga nokuba iphathwayo, abasebenzi imyuziyam ziye ukusebenza nabantwana. Innovative iindlela ukuba ezisetyenziswa kumsebenzi wabo, ukutsala abantwana kunye nabazali babo.

UNikolay Dmitrievich Bartram wakhokela imyuziyam de ekufeni kwakhe; eyabakho 1931.

Toy Museum Sergiyev Posad

Kutheni, emva kokufa Museum Bartram washukumisela ngaphandle kwe Moscow, kunzima ukutsho. Mhlawumbi, emva konke, kuba ebesoloko odumileyo Sergiev Posad zokudlala bezandla. Kwaye namhlanje kukho likwaqhuba efektri imveliso zokudlala.

Okokuqala, imali ye yimyuziyam ixesha elide bhadu kwizakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kodwa ngowe-1980 ekugqibeleni zabelwe kwigumbi elahlukileyo, ukongeza ukuya kwenye emasondweni eliligugu isixeko Sergiev Posad. Toy Museum ibekwe kufuphi Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra entabeni ize, kwisakhiwo nelembali owayesakuba School Commercial. Le zemizi-lwezitena ezibomvu kwakhiwa phezu kwentaba ngaphezu ichibi elihle. Yena ngokwakhe njengebhakana kwisixeko Sergiev Posad. Toy Museum ibamba ngaphezu kwama-30 amawaka imiboniso phakathi kweendonga zayo. Le zokudlala abantu ezahlukeneyo kuphela eRashiya kodwa ehlabathini lonke.

I matryoshka wokuqala apha kakhulu

Kunzima ukutsho ukuba lihle kakhulu kule Museum: kwiinkulungwane iimveliso XVIII-XIX kunye yobuciko mihla. Nantsi intombi yamahlwempu ngesigqubuthelo, kodwa nenekazi epeyintwe, hussars, Roly-Poly, kunye oonopopi Barbie. Amehlo ukubaleka! Enye onodoli Russian yokuqala yokwakha, apho igcinwa kwi imyuziyam, abe ubudala esingekho ngaphantsi kwe kwekhulu leminyaka.

Le myuziyam has yindlalifa a yokudlala oyithandayo Nicholas II kaThixo, Tsarevich Alexei: imifuziselo iimoto, iinqanawa, zikaloliwe, moya. Kunye neseti wamkhulula France ukuba inokuthatha imidlalo embalwa: Dominoes, ibingo, checkers, iihupu, itafile intenetya kunye nabanye.

Bomntu yeemveliso lead weengcibi kwilali Bogorodskoye, nto leyo imi kufutshane nedolophu Sergiev Posad. Toy Museum akakwazi kuphela ingqalelo ezi mveliso iinkuni, zenziwe ikakhulu zekalika, kodwa ukuze ubone indlela ezininzi iindlela ezilula (iqhosha, sizinze, nemivalo) abakhokelele ngezenzo.

Namhlanje kukho imiboniso eziliqela Sergiev Posad Museum, phakathi leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuthiwe "zokudlala iintsomi Russian." Elandelwa "yokudlala yaseYurophu Russian kwaye Western XIX - kwekhulu XX ekuqaleni" ". Mfanekiso waBantwana", "New Year kunye iKrismesi toy", Kukho kwakhona mboniso "Toy baseMpuma."

Ukuba uyathandabuza malunga nokuba ukutyelela Toy Museum (Sergiev Posad), imiboniso photo kuya kukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo sokugqibela. Hi ndlela leyi, ivenkile yokudlala iMisebenzi myuziyam, ngoko buyela ekhaya kuhambo kunokuba zezikhumbozo umdla.

Buyela ubuntwana kuba ixesha elifutshane kuzakuvumela ukundwendwela isixeko Sergiev Posad, Toy Museum - unobangela omkhulu.