ECG ngexa lokukhulelwa kunye nezinye iimeko

Electrocardiogram (ECG) ngumbonisi lomzobo we isakhono umahluko, leyo ibhalwe phezu komzimba. Le ndlela sisiseko efumanise kwezifo kwenkqubo sentliziyo.
ECG ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubalulekile yokuqingqa Uhanjiso nesingqisho nokuphazamiseka ukuba kube ngenxa amanxeba noshowo le myocardium okanye iziyobisi ukunxila. Ngaphezu koko, umzimba yomfazi, zonke iinkqubo ezo zihlenga-hlengisiwe ukudala iimeko kangangoko ukwenzela uphuhliso ubomi obutsha.

ECG kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ayitshintshi, Kakade ke, ukuba ukukhulelwa aqhubeke ngokwesiqhelo. Ngamanye amaxesha kwi ECG angenza mpawu ngenxa ejikeleza hyperkinetic nokususwa kwe uvalo intliziyo em- esifubeni ngenxa yotshintsho komzimba kwi abafazi abakhulelweyo. TAnokuvela ezilandelayo utshintsho kwi ECG: shift lasekhohlo lwe axis zombane kwentliziyo, imbonakalo kwisigaba-mbini, ukunciphisa kunye behanahanisa, inversion lencinibakazi T ngo-III yokukhokela eqhelekileyo kunye nesifuba ekunene ikhokelela, enzulu izinyo Q (kuncitshiswa ngokuthi zazibambe umoya ukuba umoya) aza atshabalalisa, silungiswe okanye prong elibi R 3 phambili eqhelekileyo. Le ECG ngethuba lokukhulelwa isingqisho rhoqo, sinus, kunokubangela ibetha ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ixesha elifutshane nadzheludochnoy tachycardia. Kumanqanaba okuqala T kunye Q-P-Q ubude lokuphumla angandiswa (ngaphandle ngaphaya nemigangatho nokomzimba) kunye eyihlisayo kwexesha okwandayo. Xa utshintsha ukukhulelwa lomlinganiselo hormone egazini. Oku kukhokelela ukuhla okuncinane ngexesha andise ubume zombane phezu imithambo kunye ventricles: i-ECG abhalwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa lokunciphisa ixesha QRS ezintsonkothileyo, P lokutshangatshangisa

Ngexesha kweenkonzo, ingakumbi ngexesha kwamathumbu, kunye neenzame nobubanzi P yomtshangatshangiso PQ lokuphumla QRS ezimbaxa kunye nokuncipha, kunokubangela aphambuke kuyo esqwini ekunene zombane inhliziyo. Emva kokuziswa kwekhithi, zonke iinguqu lwentliziyo ugcinwe ixesha elide.

ECG isoloko isetyenziswa sifuba angina. Livela kwesi sifo kubangela unikezelo elingonelanga oxygen izihlunu ngentliziyo, nto leyo ngemiqondiso ECG kubonakala ukuba ziqhelekile ischaemia engabalulekanga. Ezi mpawu ST ingxenye ukutshintshwa umgca isoelectric yi-1 mm okanye ngaphezulu, ukuya - xa ischemia subepicardial okanye epheleleyo, phantsi - e subendocardial. Xa Izitrowuku kwakhona Kuyenzeka ukutshintsha i yomtshangatshangiso T ngexesha intlungu anginal kuvela iziphene Uhanjiso nesingqisho: tachycardia ventricular, ventricular ibetha ngaphambi kwexesha, inokuba zezomzuzwana ventricular okanye AV block.

Ukuzilolonga uvavanyo uxinezeleko iyafuneka ukuvavanya uzinzo kwinkqubo sentliziyo, ukongeza, ukuba zinika ithuba lokuba ayivandlakanye indlela nokufunyanwa umsebenzi kwentliziyo emva kokuba umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni ngokuhamba kwexesha. EKG phantsi komthwalo enokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini: kwi obuqinileyo naabo ababathandayo (obuqinileyo naabo ababathandayo) okanye ibhayisekile. Phambi kokuba uvavanyo sibalwa ngamnye kumguli inqanaba iphezulu umthwalo, kuthathelwa isini akhawunti, ubudala, ubude, ubunzima, comorbidities. Lo msebenzi oyifunayo lokuqala kancane, ngoxa kubhalwe ngaxeshanye electrocardiogram kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Xa izinga intliziyo ethile okanye izinga intliziyo, kunye ukubonakala utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwi kobuchopho ECG, xa intlungu yezigulana okanye ukufunda ukudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo nentshukumo kufuneka imiswe. Emva bokumisa ECG uxinzelelo lwegazi kuqhubeka ukurekhoda nokuba imizuzu eli-10. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuziphatha kwezi zifundo lu dityanisiwe umthwalo onzima phezu intliziyo, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni stop yayo.