Indlela ukwakha efihlakeleyo ngezandla zabo phezu kwisayithi igadi

Zewayini abantu bafunda ukwakha indlela kudala - xa engekho iifriji kuphela, kunye nombane. iimeko zendalo sebeqala ukuba imozulu elungileyo, ubushushu rhoqo - zonke zifaka igalelo ulondolozo lwexesha elide iziqhamo kunye nemifuno (ezifana intshumayelo yabo Ubumandi). Abanini izindlu ipoma, ingakumbi abo benza kulinywa iziqhamo zayo kunye nemifuno, ngaphandle nje ayikwazi ukukwenza, kodwa ngenxa yokuba nabani na ohlala kwindlu yabucala, kungekudala emva koko kufuneka ucinge yokwakha ngendlela efihlakeleyo. Phantsi indlu okanye igaraji eyakhiwe efihlakeleyo idla phambi kokuqalisa ulwakhiwo ngokwayo. Ngenxa yokuba sicinga ukusekwa igumbi eluncedo kwi (ipoma) kwindawo egadini.

Indlela ukwakha efihlakeleyo ngezandla zabo

Okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukumisela kwindawo yokwakha, ezisekelwe phezu inqanaba lamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Indlela elula yokwenza oku, agrunjiwe kwisiza elizayo emngxunyeni ubunzulu efihlakeleyo, elingekho ngaphantsi kweemitha ezimbini ezinesiqingatha. Emva koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba bangcwabe umbhobho nokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kubonakala amanzi. Ukuba akukho manzi - ungafumana ukusebenza. Kungenjalo kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane enye indawo, ekukhethwa phezu kwentaba encinane.

Emva koko, baqala ukuba bembe umhadi. Ngokuqhelekileyo imilinganiso yalo elilelona ezi-2.5 yeemitha ububanzi, nobude, nobunzulu efanayo. Foundation emhadini ukuba wemba ngesandla okanye usebenzise excavator.

Ezantsi emhadini kufuneka ubunjwe ngokucokisekileyo uze ugalele ukuphakama ukhuko uhlalutye-30 cm, apho ezingama-20 cm zesanti, no-10 cm - luhlalu. Ngaphezu athethe akumiselweyo ngeentonga metal unyanzeliso 8 mm ubukhulu, emva kokuba eliphalalela ngomxube wesanti kunye umaleko olungundoqo ngokomlinganiselo we-1: 3.

Indlela ukwakha efihlakeleyo ngezandla zabo bonke technologies? Kuba oku kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngamanzi ukukhusela umgangatho kunye neendonga ukusuka ukufuma. Nale njongo, naziphi na izinto amanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa izinto nophahla, leyo ilele phezu eziphathekayo ekhenkciweyo, waza wayityabeka ngetha. Ukuba ububanzi roll lingaphantsi kwe-ububanzi efihlakeleyo, ibekwe sifana kakhulu, kwaye phakamisa uhlangothi lwayo, wogonyela ukunamathela iindonga izinto zokuxhoma uphahla.

Yona ke udonga eziphathekayo ukukhonza okwelitye okanye izitena. Indlela ukwakha efihlakeleyo ngezandla zabo ngokuyilwa monolithic? Ukulungiselela le njongo, okokuqala zonke eziyimfuneko ukufaka ebuhlanti nokuqinisa imivalo-10 mm ubukhulu, uze akhe i formwork kumacala omabini vana. iindonga ububanzi elizayo kufuneka ubuncinane-10 cm. Uyakwazi badlule umxube bay ukuba ukuhamba ukuphepha ukuyilwa imigodi. Ixesha yokomisa umxube kwimozulu eyomileyo enelanga imalunga ezilishumi iintsuku. Formwork kwakhona lungasuswa ngaphambi ngaphezu iiveki ezintathu.

Zophahla waziva kuncanyatheliswe kwiindonga kwicala elingaphandle kufuneka bazizalisa ngomaleko ngodongwe ukuphucula ukhuselo emanzi ubunjwe. Zidlulela kungenziwa nokuba iibhulorho okanye umthi. Le ndlela yokugqibela ilula kakhulu, zombini ngokobuxhakaxhaka kunye ngokwasezimalini.

Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba ufake kuphahla (ivaleleke okanye gable) kunye emiseleni nokwakha leri. Uphahla kufuneka ngerabha. Oku kunokwenziwa afakelwe iisoyi okanye izifudumezi (izinto zendalo ngayo Kukhethwa). Ukusuka phezulu kuyimfuneko ukuba ulisibekele isileyiti.

Indlela ukwakha efihlakeleyo ngezandla zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso agcinwe kuyo ixesha elide kwaye ayakhekanga ngamathontsi? Ngokwendalo, oku kufuna umoya. Ukulungiselela le njongo umntu ukusebenzisa naliphi na umbhobho abamalunga ne-10 cm. Kuyenzeka ukufaka izahlulo nakwezona ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokugcina. Ungqameko olungezantsi ityhubhu omnye kumgama-20 cm ukusuka isilingi, yaye omnye - 20 cm ngezantsi emgangathweni. Ukususela ngaphandle zokugcina kufuneka avuke ngaphezu kwinqanaba eliseluphahleni yi-30 cm. Le ekugqibeleni elingaphakathi kungcono ukusebenzisa iinkuni nzima.

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Ukwazi ukuba kwakhiwe indlela efihlakeleyo (in-indlu okanye kwindawo igadi), ukuba akukho siqinisekiso sokuba iimveliso ziya kugcinwa kuyo elide ngokwaneleyo. Le efihlakeleyo kufuneka zicocwe rhoqo ngonyaka, pholisa nokubulala iintsholongwane. Indlela elula efihlakeleyo kweentsholongwane wayo oluhlephukayo udaka eyenziwe ekubaleni: 1 isisombululo emele 5-6 amabhakethi amanzi kunye nokongeza sulfate yobhedu (isisombululo emele 1 - 1 kg sulphate). Wonke umsebenzi kweentsholongwane kufuneka kugqitywa kwinyanga enye ubuncinane phambi yokulayisha isivuno elandelayo.