Izmailovo Cathedral, eSt Pterburge: idilesi, inkcazelo, iitempile

Wonke umhlali e Northern Capital uya kuthi kuyo ikhephu-ezimhlophe nobungangamsha Izmailovo Cathedral. Idilesi ibandla inkulu Orthodox kwilizwe lethu: St. Petersburg, Izmailovsky themba, isakhiwo wesixhenxe. Emva kokuba revolution, kweyinqambi, kodwa ngoku waphila ngokupheleleyo, lo Cathedral lunikwa ingqalelo luphawu Russian karhulumente Russian.

History of indalo

Ngomhla libalele efudumeleyo ngoMeyi 1828, ukukhala iintsimbi phambi uKumkanikazi Maria waxelelwa ukuba eSt Petersburg, wabeka yecawa. Emnye Church, i Guards Life Izmailovo webutho, ongazaziyo boyisiwe, itempile yaba injongo ekhethekileyo. ukubunjwa Imperial military waba ibandla labo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba amajoni kunye namagosa kwafuneka ukuba aye kwezinye mabandla. Isigqibo ukwakha ibandla ngamatye wathabatha uMlawuli Nicholas I. ngokwesicelo sakhe Emnye Cathedral, Saint Petersburg ukuba Izindlwana ezintathu, kwaye ucinezele ukuya kubantu amawaka amathathu.

Wokwakha zilawulwa ngabantu abathathu: omkhulu, umbhali womzobi yeprojekthi Vasily Stasov kunye injineli uPetros Bazin, awonisa eSt iKomiti Petersburg ezi zakhiwo. Nicholas I zisongamela inkqubo yokwakha, yena iiprojekthi ezivunyiweyo ngokobuqu.

Ukwakhiwa yecawa wayesiya nzima ngokwaneleyo. Xa sixhobo sahamba isiseko kabini bafumba kunokuba bekulindelwe kuqala. Iizilebhu yelimestone Ground wabeka ngaphandle, inxalenye esezantsi yeendonga zangaphandle - zelitye lenyengane kunye nemihlathi - ngezitena.

imibono yezakhiwo

Ezakhelwe Emnye Cathedral, Saint Petersburg iminyaka esixhenxe ubude. Ekuphuhliseni le projekthi, umakhi Stasov wathabatha njengesiseko ingcamango ngokoyisa Russia kunye nomkhosi walo. Le Cathedral elikhulu imilinganiso yalo, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, engowesibini kuphela kwitempile eSt bakaIsake, yona yayakhelayo ngeenxa ngexesha esifanayo. Ngokwesi sicwangciso, ipropati i umnqamlezo alinganayo kunye non-zemveli ilungiselelo ngezakhiwo Russian yeentloko: baba nezamazembe bawela. Umqhele ulwakhiwo kwigubu omkhulu esembindini elilawulwa yonke isakhiwo. Cathedral waba Izindlwana ezintathu, apho eliyintloko kwanikezelwa Emnye oyiNgcwele, ngasezantsi - eSt UMariya waseMagadala, i-North - eSt St. UYohane Gorha.

lokufumanisa

Ngosuku lwesihlanu-amabini ka Meyi 1835, yokumisela lwetempile. Bavuka kusasa isandi kweentsimbi ephawulwe vodoosvyascheniya nezibingelelo koko Archimandrite Neil wawungcwalisa. Usapho komlawuli batyelela Izmailovo Cathedral e St. Petersburg mini ngokuhlwa, emva kokubuya eMoscow. So, phakathi uhlolo oluneenkcukacha etempileni, umakhi wavakalisa ubabalo lwakhe. Ulwakhiwo ababephila zintathu Ongcwele Cathedral ungathathwa enye yempumelelo ezingundo izakhiwo zasekhaya. Namhlanje kuye kufika amakholwa hayi kuphela kwiikona zikude kwilizwe lethu, kodwa kulo lonke ihlabathi Orthodox.

incazelo

Namhlanje le ndlu yecawa kwi Izmailovo Avenue - esikhulu isakhiwo-angqukuva ezintlanu, nto leyo eye nesezindlu ezine ezimhlophe komyalelo laseKorinte. Yena, njengoko senzelwe, oko ukuhlalisa abantu ngaphezu kwamawaka amathathu. Dome Blue ebonakalayo nokuba amabini yeekhilomitha ukusuka esixekweni. Kucingwa indlela yesibini ngobukhulu eYurophu. Wooden Dome ngo-1834 wadala iinjineli P. Melnikov P. Bazin.

Ngowe-1836, unyaka ezindongeni yecawa wakhelwe ngaphakathi umonakalo ibhastile. Bona akrolwa amagama amagosa Imperial webutho wagaxeleka kwi iimfazwe Austerlitz, e Friedland, Borodino kunye Kulm.

Izmailovsky Cathedral yakhiwa kwi isimbo Empire. ukuphakama kwawo malunga asibhozo eemitha. Dome Blue ayiqabe iinkwenkwezi ngegolide. Lwefacade ahonjiswe abane-umhlathi ezintandathu nesezindlu kunye friezes oqingqiweyo. Kule yayigcinwa kukho imifanekiso zobhedu zezulu. Bona zayilwa nomkroli S. Galberga. Ngentla owawukuDonga wayesebenza Leppe odumileyo.

ingaphakathi

Izmailovo Cathedral liwenze eliqaqambileyo. Imvakalelo nangesithuba esadalwa ngenxa awohluke zala mazwe. Amashumi amane umhlathi neyi eKorinte "bavuselwa phezulu" gubhu amajukujuku ephambili, zalungisa kunye rosettes caissons. Kubonakala ukuba kwabonakala ukundanda emoyeni.

Nemihlathi kunye neentsika ezenziwe emarmore emhlophe. Ekuqaleni, baye bacelwa ukuba agubungele emhlophe ipeyinti kwithafa udaka ngcina, kodwa kwesikhokelo webutho, wambongoza imvume oblitsevat kubo.

Dome encinane kwisiqalo blue ayiqabe iinkwenkwezi ngegolide, ijoliswe ukudala ngaphakathi nkundla olongezelelweyo. Ngo omnye wabo amalungiselelo oqingqiweyo iconostasis. Ekuqaleni ke udonga ajikelezayo. Namhlanje, lo iconostasis, ngelishwa, ngokomkhethe zonakale. Nadprestolnaya isinyuko isonjululwe njenge semi-rotunda kwiikholam ezine. Yena wazikrola iconostasis oqingqiweyo ka nokwakheka lulonke.

Xa itempile ukungcwaliswa Nicholas Ndiwise iimpahla jade eyenziwe ngegolide, kwaye pyx itempile Troff wagawulwa neerubhi, ngeempahla zakho pink. Bronze chandelier ezintathu-tiered, eyenziwe 1865, zilahlwe novalo zenkulungwane yokugqibela, xa Emnye Cathedral, Saint Petersburg wavalwa.

zoku-

Le ndlu yecawa i icon mandulo Emnye oyiNgcwele. Kucingwa omdala phakathi zonke ezikhoyo kwiicawa eSt Petersburg. Lo mfanekiso wadalwa ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathandathu eyadlulayo - ngo-1406, lo unyaka. Yena i siphelo emangalisayo: emva revolution, abasemagunyeni eSoviet athimba ngayo. Le icon wathunyelwa Tretyakov Gallery, uze emva koko wazithengisa ingqokelela zabucala eUnited States. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane umfanekiso yathengwa kwi kwifandesi Christie ngayo. Ngexesha iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu engama of St. Petersburg, uMongameli Putin icon yaba sonto isipho.

Amawaka amakholwa minyaka beza eSt Petersburg atyelele Izmailovo Cathedral ukuba zizokunqula oxbow Matrona of eMoscow. Kwaba apha rhoqo kwi izinto zabafazi endala esikelelekileyo. Abantu emxelela malunga iimbandezelo zakhe njengoko kungqinwa ingxelo ngoko nangoko ukufumana iimpendulo kuzo zonke imibuzo yakho imithandazo eqotho.

Abahlali kwengqukuva osemantla bayazi ukuba intsapho yonwabe ukuba beze yecawa kwi Izmailovo Avenue uze uthandaze phambi kokuba izinto ezingcwele St .. UPetros Fevronia of Murom, apho yonke imihla kukho umthandazo.

Itempile unalo umfanekiso ekhethekileyo. Olu nxibelelwano icon. Xenia of Petersburg. Kufuneka wathi imifanekiso apho phantse onke amabandla umama esikelelekileyo xa St. Petersburg, kodwa ukuba kwi Izmailovo Cathedral beqabe Girvelya kwaye eni zokuqala vivo abafazi ubudala.

Kuba omnye ongcwele kaThixo kwakhona amakholwa ukuba umthandazo. Oku uNikolay Chudotvorets. I Izmailovo Cathedral agcinwe kanye ngemifanekiso emibini. Omnye wabo - i icon of St. ngemiboniso ebomini bakhe, kwaye eyesibini - ngasese.

umsebenzi

Ngo-Epreli ka-1996, i-Ngqonyela waqeshwa Archpriest Gennady Bartov. Isikolo Sunday Cathedral. Iiklasi abadala zibanjwa ngeMigqibelo phambi kokuba inkonzo yangokuhlwa. Esi sikolo zithandwa kakhulu phakathi amarhamente. Temple ihlela uhambo rhoqo kuSirayeli, kwiindawo ezingcwele St. Petersburg kunye mmandla, emanyathelweni abangcwele ezininzi.

anika umdla

Ngo-1867 kwi-Izmailovo Cathedral F. Dostoevsky utshate A. Snitkina. Apha emngcwabeni umqambi odumileyo Anton Rubinstein.

Xa ngo-1938 yecawa lavalwa, kwagqitywa ukuvula iindonga zayo izidumbu umzi. Ngethamsanqa, ezi zicwangciso angakhange. Noko ke, le tempile kunjalo kuyekwa, njengoko isakhiwo yayisetyenziswa njengendawo ivenkile yemifuno. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwi yecawa baqala imisebenzi emikhulu-scale. olungaphambili ezakhiwo ibuyiselwe. Imisebenzi zaye zagqitywa gqira zenkulungwane yokugqibela, kodwa elingaphakathi webandla kwaba ukwimeko embi.

Ngo-2006, kule ndlu yecawa wabamba umlilo ngexesha ngokuhlwa. Wathi watshabalalisa uThixo amajukujuku engundoqo nezonakeleyo omnye abo bancinane. Amarhamente zanceda Kwathi ngaphandle kwesakhiwo ovuthayo zonke iimpahla, imifanekiso, kunjalo, altarpieces abambalwa khona. Government of St. Petersburg ngomhla ekubuyiselweni itempile eyabelwe enye lezigidi engange.

Emnye Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, kwaye lakhiwe kumhlathi layo intsimi loloyiso - uzuko lesikhumbuzo songeza uludwe ensembles ezintle kwimbali zomkhosi ibandla kwilizwe lethu. Itempile unalo ixabiso federal. Ngomnye amahlandinyuka ezine wembali yazika Petersburg kunye eSt bakaIsake Cathedral, i-Admiralty noPetros kunye Paul Fortress.