Yintoni na ke esiqu kunye ifana? Indlela ukufumanisa esiqu kunye ifana? Esiqu kwaye ihambelana phambene Mountains

Namhlanje kweli hlabathi akukho namnye indawo kwakungayi bafunda le ndoda, okanye ubuncinane wayengazange watyelela! Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ukuba wabonakala phezu komhlaba wonke umhlaba, kwavela umbuzo engxamisekileyo ngakumbi yokumisela indawo bento. Esiqu kunye ukufana, zona iimpawu grid isidanga, ukunceda ukufumana idilesi yendawo ye kwinqanaba elifunekayo, kunye nokuququzelela inkqubo yokuqhelwaniswa kwimephu.

imbali cartography

Abantu ke ngoko ukuba indlela elula efana yokuqingqa uququzelelo yenjongosenzi, njengoko ekubaleni yeside wayo inkululeko. Abazaziyo sonke esikolweni, umgca engundoqo ngcembe Wabonakala imithombo yolwazi zokuzoba. Ngezantsi kukho ulwazi kwi zigaba ezingundoqo ezimbalwa kwimbali kuphuhliso zenzululwazi, ngokwemimandla nangeendlela ngeenkwenkwezi, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ekudalweni amakhadi Impucuko yanamhlanje kunye igridi degree obutofotofo.

• Enye i "abasunguli" yeeSayensi zeNdalo kuthathwa - Aristotle, ngubani kuqala wabonisa ukuba iplanethi ngokumila ukulenza.

• Umhlaba abahambi yakudala elibukhali kakhulu, kwaye babona ukuba esibhakabhakeni (kuba iinkwenkwezi), kulula ukufumana ulwalathiso C (ngentla) - Yu (south). Nantsi umgca yaye baba "amaza" yokuqala, analog leyo ngoku afumaneka kwi imephu elula kakhulu.
• Eratosthenes, lowo ebizwa ngokuba "nguyise wenzululwazi yejografi" wenze okuninzi obafunyanwa ezincinane nezinkulu eziphembelele ukubunjwa Geodesy. Yena kuqala wasebenzisa skafis (lelanga yakudala) ukuze ukubala ubude ilanga phezu kwintsimi izixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye baye baqaphela umahluko obonakalayo imilinganiselo yabo ixhomekeke ixesha losuku kunye lonyaka. Eratosthenes luveze unxulumano phakathi Sciences ezifana ngeenkwenkwezi geodesy, ngaloo ndlela eyenza kube lula ukwenza izifundo ezininzi kunye nemilinganiselo kwiindawo eziphila kunye ngoncedo imizimba yasezulwini.

grid degree

esiqu ezininzi kunye ukufana phambana emephini okanye yomhlaba, amanyene igridi wejografi "izikwere". Iseli nganye anqongophele ngenxa imigca yaso isidanga. Ngoko ke, ngoncedo kule gridi, ungenza ngokukhawuleza ufumane into oyifunayo. Ubume be-atlasi ezininzi iyilwe ukuze amaphepha ngamnye zijongwa izikwere ezahlukileyo evumela ukufunda ngendlela nawuphi na ummandla. Kuphuhliso lolwazi geographical waye waphucuka kunye jikelele. Esiqu kunye ukufana kwi imifuziselo yokuqala, awothi ayiqukethanga yonke inkcazelo enokuthenjwa izinto eMhlabeni, kodwa anike ingcamango indawo elisondeleyo iingongoma adingekayo. amakhadi yangoku kuba izinto zomthetho eyenziwa umnatha isidanga. zika zichazwa besebenzisa oko.

Elements of grid degree

• Pole - North (phezulu) kunye noMzantsi (ezantsi) iingongoma apho esiqu livuma. Zezona virtual indawo umgca-ebiza esqwini.
• Arctic Circle. Ekubeni siqale emdeni kwiingingqi ezibandayo. Arctic Circle (North and South) afumaneka kwi ihambelana-23 ukuya izibonda.
• Zero okuyi. Iluthe ngaphantsi komhlaba e-Mpuma kunye ikhweyitha Western kwaye amagama ezimbini: Greenwich kunye esiSiseko. Zonke esiqu babe ubude efanayo phezu komhlaba umhlaba okanye ikhadi enxulumene ipali.
• Ikhweyitha. Nguye lo parallel mde, ukufumana indlela eya W (entshona) ukuya B (empuma), nto leyo yahlula umhlaba kwi eseMazantsi ikhweyitha Northern. Yonke eminye imigca zifana kuya ikhweyitha, ngaba ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo - ubude bazo kunciphisa ukuya izibonda.
• Tropical. Kwakhona ezimbini - Capricorn (South) kunye Umhlaza (North). Tropical elise ngasentla 66th parallel nakumzantsi-ikhweyitha.

Indlela ukufumanisa esiqu kunye ukufana lwendawo efunekayo?

Nayiphi na into kwi planethi a nobude! Nokuba yena kakhulu, incinci kakhulu okanye ngokuchasene noko, abaliqela enye enkulu! Ukumisela i esiqu kunye ukufana yenjongosenzi kwaye ufumane uququzelelo yencopho - kakuhle, njengoko kugqiba iqondo imiba engundoqo idilesi yendawo kwindawo efunekayo. Apha ngezantsi isicwangciso samanyathelo, enokusetyenziselwa ekubaleni uququzelelo.

Algorithm yokuqingqa idilesi yendawo yenjongosenzi kwimaphu

1. Khankanya igama elichanekileyo geographical le into. iimpazamo effect kwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala banal ingqalelo, umzekelo: umfundi wenza impazamo egameni kwindawo efunekayo abafunyaniswe uququzelelo engalunganga.
2. Lungiselela atlasi, ipensile ezibukhali okanye isalathisi kunye iglasi. Ezi zixhobo ziya kunceda ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba lingakanani idilesi into eziyifunayo.
3. Khetha i imephu enkulu-isikali Atlas, apho oluthandwa kwindawo ethile. Isikali ezincinane wemephu, iziphoso ezininzi kwenzeka izibalo.
4. Ukumisela umlinganiselo ku gqiba izinto ezisisiseko kwigridi. I algorithm yale nkqubo linikwa emva komhlathi "Ibala ubungakanani mmandla."
5. Ukuba indawo efunekayo ayikho ngqo kumgca ukuphawulwa kwimaphu, fumana elandelayo, ezo ndlela leyo lwamanani. imigca Degree, ngokuqhelekileyo eliboniswe kujikelezo ikhadi, ubuncinane - kumgca ikhweyitha le.
6. Ekumiseleni imvelaphi kubalulekile ukufumana phandle, ngokusebenzisa naliphi na inani izidanga ibekwe ezifanayo kanye esiqu kwimaphu kunye nokubala ngokuchanekileyo esingazaziyo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba izinto kwegridi degree ngaphandle umgca engundoqo singa zotywa ngokusebenzisa nayiphi na ingongoma ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Ukubala ubungakanani kulo mmandla

• Ukuba ufuna ukubala ubungakanani into weekhilomitha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ubude bemigca kwegridi degree enye ilingana - km 111.
• Ukuze ubone Ubude into W ku E (kunokwenzeka ukuba ibekwe ngokupheleleyo kwenye zifaka: East okanye West) inkululeko ngokwaneleyo enkulu enye amanqaku kakhulu, Khupha oluncinane kwaye phinda eli nani nge km 111.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubala ubude indawo N ku S (kuphela kwimeko xa bonke ibekwe kwenye zifaka: South okanye North), kuyimfuneko ukusuka iqondo elikhulu yeside omnye amanqaku kakhulu kukuba, uthabathe ncinane koko phinda isixa waba km 111 .
• Ukuba into edlula kummandla Greenwich okuyi, ukubala ubude W bayo E kwicala inkululeko iingongoma kakhulu adityaniswe, ngoko sum kwabo liphindaphindwe km 111.
• Ukuba indawo into umiselwa ikhweyitha, ukufumanisa ubude bayo ukusuka N ukuya S kufuneka zongezwe izidanga zamanqaku kakhulu ngama kweli cala, wamcacisela engumphumela liphindaphindwe km 111.

Indlela ukujonga umlinganiselo ku gqiba izinto ezisisiseko grid degree?

• Ukuba into ngezantsi-ikhweyitha, ububanzi balo nje kwelasezantsi, ukuba ngasentla - ngasentla.
• Ukuba neencopho ifumaneka kwicala lasekunene ithe cwaka inkulumbuso, nasentshonalanga yayo empuma, ukuba ekhohlo - entshonalanga.
• Ukuba into ngasentla 66 degrees ngasentla okanye ezifanayo ezantsi, ngoko ingena ehambelana kummandla ezibandayo.

Guquka Tye isilungelelanisi

Ekubeni Ezintabeni ezininzi entabeni abe ubukhulu becala, kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo, kunye esiqu kunye ukufana yendlela yokwenza izinto ezinjalo uxabiseke isidanga ezahlukeneyo, inkqubo yokumisela i-idilesi eendawo lukhatshwa imibuzo emininzi. Oku kulandelayo embodiments Kucetyiswa ukubala zilungelelanise imimandla ephakamileyo yaseYurophu.

Caucasus

Iintaba emangalisa ibekwe phakathi kwiindawo ezimbini amanzi kwelizwekazi ukusuka kuLwandle Olumnyama ukuya kuLwandle lweCaspian. Esiqu kunye ukufana zaseCaucasus Iintaba iyahluka ezahlukeneyo, ngoko yintoni zithathwa kakhulu ukuba idilesi nkqubo? Kulo mzekelo, siya kugxininisa indawo ephezulu. Oko yinkqubo ntaba uququzelelo zaseCaucasus - idilesi yendawo incopho Elbrus, leyo ilingana no - degrees 42 imizuzu engama-30 ngama ngasentla kunye degrees 45 nezide ngasempumalanga.

malayas

Inkqubo ntaba iphakame kakhulu ilizwekazi lethu - malayas. Esiqu kunye ezifanayo, nokuba ezahlukeneyo ixabiso-degree, uwele kule ndawo ngokufuthi njengoko ikhankanywe apha ngentla. Indlela ukufumanisa uququzelelo kule nkqubo? Sichubeka ngendlela efanayo kwimeko zeentaba phambene, siya kugxininisa ingongoma eliphezulu le nkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, uququzelelo zingqamane indawo malayas Dzhomolungma incopho, yaye le - 29 degrees imizuzu 49 ngasentla yesibanzi degree 83 imizuzu 23 nobude imizuzwana 31 ngasempumalanga.

ezintabeni phambene

Emide ilizwekazi lethu - i phambene kwiiNtaba. Esiqu kunye ezifanayo, nokuba amaxabiso ezahlukeneyo isidanga yendlela yokwenza into kumacala ahlukeneyo. Ukuze ubone uququzelelo zeentaba phambene kufuneka ufumane iziko zabo kwimaphu. Le ngongoma ziya kuba indawo wejografi yenjongosenzi - degrees 60 inkululeko Umntla wobude efanayo. Loo indlela yokuqingqa zilungelelanise Tye yamkelekile ukuba iinkqubo ukuba ubude enkulu ngakwicala elinye okanye zombini.