Yintoni lwesigodi? Amanqaku nezendawo ngendlela umzekelo Russian, German kunye IsiNgesi

Xa sithetha ngento lwesigodi, oko kuyimfuneko ngokuyintloko ukuchaza kota. Ukusuka Greek "dialektos" bubonakala "sisihlomelo". Oku kuthetha into enye - a uhlobo lwaso ngoba kuthiwa ulwimi, apho kusetyenziswa kuphela inani eliqingqiweyo labantu. ludla ngokubandakanya nokuba abahlali komhlaba liqela elingonanga okanye omsebenzi okanye ekuhlaleni.

Iimpawu neyodwa

Ethetha loo; yintoni na iziyelelane, kufanele kuphawulwe eziliqela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo. Eyokuqala kukuba ezo lwimi ezo indawo, zibonisa izithethe kweelwimi abantu. Maxa wambi nkqu ezi lwimi zaba sisiseko ngenxa yolwimi yesizwe. Athetha isikali ezahlukeneyo intsimi, nolwenzelwa. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kuba nesi zaloo mmandla. Bathi, maxa wambi kukho nangaphakathi lali. Yintoni lwesigodi enxulumene intsimi umsebenzi womsebenzi? Olu uhlobo olumanyanisa kulwimi yawo ngokuphathelene abantu abangamalungu zohlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi okanye iprofeshini. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, amagama ambalwa malunga lwesigodi lwentlalo. Yena kunento liqela elithile labantu. Noko ke, hayi ujonge ukuba igama elithi 'uhlobo' liye iintsingiselo ezininzi, iingcali zeelwimi kunye Philologists ngalo gama ukuthini yonke le nkqubo. Kuyinto zahlukeneyo kangangokuba bakha inzululwazi ebizwa dialectology. Yena sele bafunda ntoni na nesi Okukodwa yayo, imvelaphi kunye nezinye iimpawu.

nezendawo Germany

Germany - hayi ilizwe omkhulu onjalo, xa uthelekisa ne-Russia, kodwa dialect imali enkulu. Bengabakho sendawo. Ngapha koko, Germany yahlulahlulwe-16 ithi, kunye nabantu ngamnye kubo zizakubalulwa lwesigodi yayo. Umzekelo, kumazantsi eli lizwe, endaweni 's "kuthiwa" kwabafundi ". Ngokwale dialect lula ukufumanisa ukuba umntu ekuqaleni evela Stuttgart kunye Reutlingen. Noko ke, ukuba iziyelelane aseJamani uqonde ukuba Abantu bathi ezahlula Swiss kunye nabahlali namanye amazwe abathetha isiJamani, kusafuneka ukuba sifunde ukuqonda. Umzekelo, abantu bevela Switzerland endaweni "e" ekupheleni ukubeka "i": "Spätzle" - "Spätzli", "Grüßle" - "Grüßli" njl Abaneminyaka Southern (ingakumbi bavarians) uhlobo olwahlukileyo imvakalozwi. Ayimangalisi into yokuba ngamanye amaxesha abanako ukuqonda northerners.

umdla Professional ngentetho Russian

Kanti ngolwimi Russian - nto ngokupheleleyo umba eyahlukileyo. Wonke umntu uyazi indlela esisityebi kwaye zahlukene. Kungenxa yoko le nto iziyelelane Russian nomdla izazinzulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezifana yeminyanya, Lomonosov, Trediakovskii. emva kakhulu kwinkulungwane XIX yinkqubo ifani Sreznevsky academician ku dyondza ezichaphazela zolwimi Russian yasungulwa. Xa umsebenzi wakhe, waza wahlawula elininzi ingqalelo kukuba zezi lwimi. Izazinzulu Sicebisa ukuba ukuphuhlisa "ikhadi ulwimi, neziyelelane nezendawo." Ngokubanzi, kufanele kuphawulwe, umdla iziyelelane Russian abaninzi, kungekhona kuphela izazinzulu evela kumazwe ico, kodwa kwiingcaphephe amazwe.

Uphononongo lwenzululwazi iziyelelane Russian kunye nokubekwa kwawo

Emva koku baqala ukuphuhlisa ukuma ebizwa ngokuba iilwimi. Kubonisa ngokucacileyo iimpawu zolwimi - ngqo kwi mephu. Kwaye ngoku, emva komzuzwana, ngenkulungwane XX, ukuba sele iqalile uphando olumandla neziyelelane kunye sub-neziyelelane. lwesigodi yahluka kuthiwa "o" kwaye nzima "g". Southerners, phezu koko, musa ukuthandabuza ukwaba 'a' yaye wathambisa "t" yayo. A uhlobo 'ukuthini yegolide "i iziyelelane Central Russian, okuhlanganisa i iimpawu iziyelelane akumzantsi wasentla. Nabo ke, azizahlulo empuma nasentshona. Noko ke, ukuba kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo, iziyelelane Russian baba razlichaemy, ukuba namhlanje, "sekumnandi". ulwimi Modern Russian ngcembe ofumana iimpawu zoncwadi zomthonyama etsha ukuya kwisiqalo. Ngoxa ezilalini nakwiidolophu ezincinane, ukuba kunjalo na kuviwa. Noko ke, sele kukho izenzo ezininzi akukho lwesigodi sobummandla kunye nezentlalo.

Kanti kulo mzekelo ulwimi IsiNgesi

IsiNgesi ngomnye hinkwayo kakhulu. Le athethwa amashumi ezigidi zabantu. Ngako oko, ezi lwimi IsiNgesi baninzi kwaye zahlukene. Ekuqaleni nezendawo kwamiswa ngenxa yokwanda koBukhosi baseBritani. Inyathelo elilandelayo yaba nempembelelo US kumazwekazi ezingqongileyo. Ezizalana kakhulu zixhaphakileyo British ne American. Ekubeni uninzi IsiNgesi abathetha abantu (ngama-70 ekhulwini) bahlala US, lo ngowona iziyelelane yokugqibela yaba kakhulu zithandwa. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kukho iintetho ezininzi, yaye ngamnye kubo igama layo. Oku Scouse (e Liverpool) kunye Geordie (Newcastle), Yola (a ulwimi abafileyo, nto leyo siyahlukana kwi IsiNgesi, apho yayikhona kumaXesha Aphakathi), Chicano, Vermont - kwaye kuphela ezimbalwa intlaninge neziyelelane. Ireland, eSkotlani, eWales, eNgilani, eUnited States - ezi kunye nezinye iintlanga ezininzi amazwe IsiNgesi abathetha, nakuyo yonke indawo ukuthetha ngenye. Ngoko ke, izigqibo ukuqala ukufunda ulwimi, kufuneka isigqibo ngokwakho ngento lwaso kufuneka bakhokelwe.