Yintoni embi kule ncwadi: inkcazo

ubomi bomntu sele zipeyintwe imibala ezahlukeneyo kunye ezahlukeneyo abangasekhoyo maxa wambi ngokungangqalanga. Wonke umntu uqhelene ngebinzana elithi "ubukrakra wothando", "ukufa voluptuous" okanye "incasa ngoloyiso." Ngamnye kubo umxube wento Babaqhathanisele ecacileyo kwaye ngexesha elinye akuthethi ekhoyo ngokwenene. Loo ngumfanekiso ngoncwadi Nakuba le ubunzima iimvakalelo umphefumlo womntu kunye namava yenza ukuba bahlole izinto zesiqhelo, ngaloo ndlela yenze ngakumbi kwaye inemibalabala ngakumbi. ezinkanukweni zabantu, iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo lonke uphuhliso impucuko ziye into ingqalelo zobulumko ngenkulungwane yokuqala, uze ke wenze abahloli ezintsha umphefumlo womntu - ababhali.

Yintoni ubomi bethu? ..

Eneneni, yintoni? Iqela iziganeko random okanye ukwenziwa rhoqo kanye nabo bonke ngaphambilini? Uvuyo lobomi, okanye ubukrakra ukwazi zokuchitha yakhe? Ubukhulu becala, ubomi bomntu yingqokelela iimvakalelo kunye bashile, imibala kuyo umoya okanye zimnyama phambi ukukhanya ochwayithileyo. Nganye kwezi imibala kuyimfuneko hetiseka imbono kunye iminqweno ingqibelelo yehlabathi. Neencwadi unika umntu kanye oko kwakuya kuba akazange akwazi ukufumana ngokoqobo. Andiyi kuba nexesha elaneleyo, ezempilo, kwaye okuninzi ngoko.

Kuyinto ngenxa iincwadi uluntu afunde kwaye nangoku sengqondo ukufunda. Ngoncedo neentlobo zoncwadi umntu ukwahlula buhlungu evela emnandi, isimilo le sublime nasebubini nabalungileyo. isiqalo Salo lisoloko linxulunyaniswa iimvakalelo, neminqweno. Nokuba ukuhleka okungalawulekilyo okanye okumenza lusizi esithintelweyo - yonke bali, kodwa emikhakheni zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Igxininisa idrama yenyaniso

Kumaxesha dodrevnegrecheskie abantu ngandlel udluliselwe amavo eziqhelekileyo, apho wathetha kuphela ubuqhawe weempawu ezithile ibonwe. Sekunjalo ninikele ombambazelayo, nje abucala, isiqalo leyo isivuno ngamava zangaphakathi ezinxulumene ukunganeliseki ngokwengqondo nangokomoya, okanye, icala, uvuyo akhe ezifunyanwa izivamvo.

AmaGrike amandulo odityanisiweyo le mithombo kunye wadala drama (ngokoqobo "action"), nto leyo iba uhlobo zobuqhawe kwaye ombambazelayo le ncwadi ngaphambili. Isiseko umdlalo waqalisa isiqhazolo, elingcwele, abo okanye thixo bambi, leyo, enyanisweni, uhlobo yimibingelelo ngethemba lobomi eyondlayo nangovuyo elizayo.

Ukuba iintlobo kakhulu - ikhawulelane nowayo umdlalo, comedy kunye yintlekele - kwakhokelela ekubeni zincwadi kusisondeza ubomi benene, umntu wokwenene, a real, kunokuba kuluntu etsomo. Kwaye kwaba intuthuko. Kuba oko kuyintlekele kwaye comedy eGrisi yamandulo? Ukuthatha ekuqaleni imidlalo isiko ebhiyoza imbeko leivy, ntlekele kunye comedy kungekudala uza kuba abameli eziphambili kwezi ntlobo kumabala emidlalo noncwadi, Utyhila izinto ezinzulu kubomi bentlalo. Edibanisa, yinxalenye enkulu omntu kunye kumnandi, "zomkhosi", nto leyo intwasahlobo ithemba nemiphumo emihle kunye uloyiso ukukhanya ebumnyameni, ezi iintlobo zibe kwindawo yokuqala ukwenzela uphuhliso kwenkcubeko, hayi kuphela amaGrike, kodwa ezinye iintlanga.

Eqalile ekuqaleni kule ncwadi

Yintoni embi kule ncwadi? Inkcazo lo gama ifomu zixinaniswe isixelela ukuba lo msebenzi, leyo ibizwa usinga. Lichaza uhlola ngokusondeleyo ukubandezeleka okanye iqhawe, okanye usapho lwakhe, kodwa usoloko ukusuka kwindawo umbono imilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Le ukubandezeleka kufuneka kunyuswa aze ephakamileyo yokuziphatha. Xa ezingundoqo walo kuyintlekele yokuziphatha imveliso, nto enyanzela umfundi ukuba uyavelana kusini na nomlinganiswa oyintloko kunye kuxhotyiswa kunye nesimo sakhe.

Ngoku, xa kwacaca ukuba yintlekele enjalo, wonke umntu ngabom hlalutya uncwadi, leyo ukufunda. Masikhumbule nentlekele Renaissance, kwaye kutshanje - ixesha abantu Soviet, lokubonakala nenzaliseko yalo kakuhle uhlobo.

Intlekele njenge uhlobo

Yintoni na le yintlekele njengoko uhlobo zobugcisa? Mu kuya kwa nshita ifomu kuphela, uhlobo yintlekele ithetha imveliso isigaba kwaye lubonakala ngokuba sokugqibela-intlekele. Kwafuneka ndikho ethile kobudlelwane yokwenene, luphawulwa ukuphikisana zamaqhawe zangaphakathi. Uthi le show ungquzulwano ezinzulu kanye indlela esisityebi kunene kwaye kakhulu namandla. Kwaye kangangokuba ezi lweemfazwe ubunyani odala zabo, waba uhlobo intsingiselo obugcisa, ngokufuthi ilusizi kakhulu.

Eqonda ukuba loo Intlekele Greece yamandulo, ukufunda imisebenzi ezibhalwe Aeschylus, Sophocles, ukuthelekisa nabo ngababhali kamva, umntu angabona umgca ngokucacileyo ukuqhubeka "ngoma ibhokhwe" (inguqulelo ngokoqobo ntlekele), ekuthwaleni imithetho yamandulo Greek yeqonga art eqongeni lwekhulu xxi.

Aphezulu eZiphiwo stilted

Kodwa nangona zonke bokubanga zonke iziganeko ezibuhlungu echazwe kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo iinkwenkwezi zoncwadi eli hlabathi, ukuba ukukhankanya ukuba akazange zihlangane ngaphezulu embundwini womnyango ethile ngaphaya apho umgca phakathi leyinene nangeyonyani. Liyalahleka umoya yaphathiswa umbhali njengomphathi kwemibono, umngeni umfundi kwaye uyalithanda. Akunakubakho enyanisweni yokuziphatha ukuba ukubulawa kwakusothusa yaye nokunyaniseka. Ngoko ke, iincwadi ophezulu-grade kunye dramaturgy grandiloquence oneentloni, ngaloo ndlela anike nayiphi na iintlekele, uTshawe kabuhlungu halo ukholo ngokwenene kodwa wasentsomini.

Uncwadi njengesipili yembali

Yintoni embi kule ncwadi? Ingcaciso siye sikunike. imfundo Ngokuxhomekeke kwizizukulwana ukuba iziganeko ezibuhlungu kwangaphambili kubaluleke ngakumbi uphuhliso izizukulwana ezizayo. Ewe, ayisoloko into iimpawu, umzekelo, ukuya Ixesha iinkulungwane zokuqala Christianity, wanika ukunyuka ekukhanyeni kwimisebenzi enzima, ungancedwa iimeko ezibuhlungu okanye ukufa kabuhlungu of the amaqhawe esijongene ububi, ukwakha uluntu olutsha ngobuhlobo ezintsha, namhlanje uya imfuno. Kodwa ke abalinganiswa ebuhlungu elidlulileyo benokufunyanwa iimo kunye nabalinganiswa abaninzi ababephila zethu. Yaye akukho sizathu, ibhekisela iintlekele efanayo Sophocles kunye Aeschylus, qhubeka ukuba abalinganiswa ezintsha, nako ukumelana zonke ezimnyama kunye kwabafileyo Babesinqinda indlela eya eqaqambileyo, ecocekileyo kwaye inempilo!