Walter Ulbricht: engobomi, iifoto kunye namanqaku anika umdla

UWalter Ulbricht wayengomnye amanani kwezopolitiko ibalulekileyo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Waba negalelo elikhulu zokusekwa kwe-German Democratic Republic kunye nendawo yalo kwimaphu neAfrika of kwahlelwa Europe. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ubunkokheli, wakwazi ukuchitha iqela iinguqu yezentlalo nezoqoqosho Stadelhofenplatz batshintsha ubomi kwezentlalo nezopolitiko kwiMpuma Jamani. Ukuvavanywa imisebenzi yayo wokwephuka kakhulu: abanye bakholelwa Ulbricht hero lesizwe, kwaye ezinye ungumngcatshi.

Walter Ulbricht: biography

Wazalwa ngomhla wamashumi amathathu kweyeSilimela 1893 e Leipzig. Uyise waba ngumchweli. Workshop ibekwe kwikhaya Ulbricht. Ngoko ke, ukususela ebuntwaneni, uWalter wasebenza kuyo, esiza uyise. Liqukumbele isikolo samabanga Leipzig, emva koko iphuhlise ukuchwela kwaye usebenza studio yakhe ukususela 1907. Uthabatha nomdla kwezopolitiko. E Leipzig ngelo xesha iintlobo izangqa ezahlukeneyo yobusoshiyali. Ufunda imisebenzi Engels, Bebel, Marx kunye nezinye zobulumko German yasekhohlo-iphiko. Xa Ndandineminyaka eyishumi elinethoba ngexesha, uze kungena Social Democratic Party. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zeekomiti basekuhlaleni. Xa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, Socialist akazange acele ngaphambili, bewagqala izinto eziyingozi. Noko ke, emva kweminyaka amadabi igazi elimsulwa, isigqibo ngawo uhlolo. Kaiser uyaqonda ukuba Ezomva abalweli wenzakala kakhulu ngakumbi. Ngoko vivo omabini sisohlwayo kunye ukuzama ukwenza umonakalo.

Impi Great

Walter Ulbricht wacetywa ukungenela umkhosi ngo-1915. Ngelo ngaphambili, benza ukukhuthazwa iingcamango yobusoshiyali. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, yena inxaxheba kule fraternization kunye namajoni Russian. "Fraternization" kwenzeka zonke ezinkundleni imfazwe. Ngexesha apho amajoni alwayo baphuma imisele ukuba bedibene. Ngomnyaka weshumi elinesibhozo Walter Ulbricht uthatha babizwa ngokuba "uSpartacus League". Lo mbutho olukhulu abangabaxhasi bakaMarx, leyo, ibimi kwizithuba yokulahlwa of capitalism, impiriyali kunye izimpi.

Ukuqala kwemisebenzi kwesayensi

Ngomnyaka weshumi elinesibhozo Ulbricht demobiliziruyut. Ngeli xesha kwi revolution uBukhosi waseJamani rhoxa. Walter nangoko uqala ukuthatha inxaxheba kuyo. Nje kwiveki ngabavukeli abantu ukulawula ukubhukuqa ukumkani ne nsansa republic. Ulbricht yinxalenye yebhunga wasekuhlaleni yamaSekela isosha '. Emva koko afumane ilungelo ukumela abasebenzi kunye amajoni ka Leipzig. Kule ndima, udala isebe Communist Party German. Kuba unyaka uyakwazi ukuba abe yinkokeli kwikomiti yesithili. Uye waba ngumhleli we iphephandaba ezithandwayo "imfazwe eklasini." Kuba umsebenzi ngempumelelo e Leipzig, Walter Ulbricht wonyulwa ukuba Party kwiKomiti Central. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amathathu anesibini ka-uqala i Congress omtsha "International" - imibutho International Communist.

Walter lilungu le-German Embassy kwaye athathe inxaxheba Congress of the International eMoscow. I Ngabanye badibana uLenin. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amabini anesithandathu, idityanisiwe ukwakhiwa Reichstag isekela, lo gama kuthathelwa ukuba isebenze kwi-International. Okuqukiweyo ikomiti yesigqeba.

Flight nokufihla

Emva ekuthatheni ngamandla yi-National Socialist baqale ngokutshutshiswa ndawonye. SS uqhuba elibukhali onke amanani abaziwayo wamaKomanisi namaqela yobusoshiyali, phakathi kwabo Walter Ulbricht. yezopolitiko German iya komhlaba. Ngomnyaka wamashumi mabini anantathu intshutshiso ezingamkelekanga umbuso abantu ikhula entsha. Walter ubaleka eSoviet Union. Ngomnyaka wamashumi wesihlanu-yokuthatha kwakhe Political Bureau of the party. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, yena kwakhona isikhundla sakhe kwi-International. Ukususela ekuqalekeni Spanish War Civil wathumela apho umcebisi yezopolitiko. Emva kokuba ngoloyiso wolawulo Franco wemka eFransi. Kodwa kwilizwe elitsha asihlali xesha lide. Emva kokuba umsebenzi kwintsimi French ngamaNazi, Ulbricht wabuyela eMoscow. Emva kokuba kuqale Patriotic Great wenza in ze phakathi majoni amaJamani kunye namagosa. Ngexesha impi Stalingrad xa umntu izithethi ebizwa ukuba amajoni aseJamani ukuba anikezele. Ngomnyaka wamashumi amane wesithathu anti-Hitler kudala iKomiti Military.

Emva kokuba Second World War

Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uloyiso kwiMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu eSoviet Union uqalisa ukwakha ubomi ngoxolo kwi ezinabantu. Ukudala urhulumente omtsha ekuqaleni Meyi e Berlin kuza ngumpolitiki Walter Ulbricht namanani asithoba komhlaba wamaKomanisi. Inceda ukubuyisela amaziko asekuhlaleni eBerlin koko kulo lonke eJamani. Emva kokuwa ulawulo lwamaNazi eMpuma Jamani isebenza ngokusemthethweni amaqela eziliqela. Ulbricht iintloko omnye wabo - SPEG. A nobuninzi abafundi esebenzayo kunye neengqondi bajoyine iqela elitsha.

Walter Ulbricht, oziphethe yaseJamani: engobomi, iifoto kwi intloko GDR

Kule amahlanu, Walter uba intloko waseJamani Democratic Republic. Noko ke, yena igcina post yakhe endala zesekela inkulumbuso. Ngenxa yoko, Ulbricht lisenza ezandleni zayo ngamandla ngokupheleleyo. Emibonweni yakhe, wayeqinisekile ukuba kaStalin. ukwakhiwa kweSocialism yaqala kweli lizwe. yokubuyiselwa komhlaba iye ukuba bazisunduze abanini iifama ezinkulu nokudlulisela ukuba ulawulo loqoqosho lwesizwe. It waqala phantsi kwesizwe kwamashishini.

crisis zepolitiki ezifo

Ngenkani mveliso kwi umonakalo post-imfazwe kwakhokelela kwintlekele yoqoqosho kunye ukunganeliseki yabemi. Injongo intiyo ethandwayo yaba Walter Ulbricht. kwezepolitiki German, ogama engobomi kuthiwa ezinzima kakhulu ezimbalwa, xa bathi iintsuku Julayi amahlanu-amathathu kakhulu nzima kuye ebomini. strike Mass kwakhula banela evulekileyo. UWalter ukucela uncedo eSoviet Union. amajoni Soviet zaye sirhoxisiwe kwi ezitratweni kwizixeko ezininzi, kwaye unobhala-jikelele uyazifihla kwi kummandla wolawulo elaliwumile. Ngexesha ingcinezelo yemvukelo Ulbricht wakwazi ngokupheleleyo inkcaso ngaphakathi iqela.

Ukutshintsha indlela

Umgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente Ulbricht zigxile kakhulu uvuselelo kwezibonelelo kunye namandla emveliso. Ukwakhiwa socialism lwaqhutywa nesibindi. Abezopolitiko wabonakala ukugxekwa hayi kuphela GDR, kodwa yesicelo. Lavrenti Beria uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo Wababuza izigqibo kunye neendlela Walter. Wayekholelwa ukuba ngeendlela ezininzi elihle kwezentlalo kunye bodwa izikolo dudula abantu kuphela kurhulumente.

Ngenxa yoko, Ulbricht wabiza eMoscow ingxelo kuhlaziywe imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Emva koko, kuye, "abayinyamekelayo" amaqela eSoviet Group of Forces kwi GDR bake. Ehlotyeni amathandathu ananye ukuba esinye sezona ziganeko ebalulekileyo kule post-imfazwe eYurophu. ESoviet Union ngokusemthethweni inikwa kulawula ilizwe ezandleni Ulbricht. Kulo mzekelo, emkhosini US zaziseza West eBerlin. Yaqala nengxaki enkulu. Embindini ikomkhulu waseJamani nje iimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwenye kwakukho amatanki USSR kunye USA. flow Ukwanda abasabileyo e West Jamani. Kulo mzekelo, kwakukho omnye kuphela unclosed umda wakudala point. Ukuze kwahlula ngokwayo ukusuka Federal Republic of Germany, xa urhulumente Socialist kuvela isicwangciso iindonga ulwakhiwo kumbindi Berlin. Esi sigqibo senziwe ngokobuqu Valter Ulbriht. Photo of bodonga, ebe waqala ukwakha buphuthuphuthu weshumi Agasti, babehamba macala onke amajelo eendaba ehlabathi.

udonga Ulbricht

Emva kokuba kwakhiwe udonga lwawa kwexesha elitsha ubomi sezopolitiko saseGDR. Ngexesha elifutshane umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha kwezoqoqosho kwasekwa. Iinkampani ezininzi ngaphambili uhulumeni sasimanyene phantsi amabhunga olawulo enye. Emva kokuba zokulungisa imeko yezopolitiko eMpuma Jamani iye yazinza. Noko ke, ukuthembeka eMoscow kaThixo phantsi yi Walter. Abantu ngaphezu kwakhe rhoqo uncokole. iziqhulo abaninzi lweziqhulo Leipzig bamhleka aksenti yakhe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamagama-gazi zangaphakathi Walter.

Ummiselo Elawulayo ePhakamileyo yiSoviet ye-USSR ngoJuni 29, 1963, ngegalelo lakhe lobuqu ekulweni Fascism ngexesha Second World War kwaye ngokunxulumene engama-70 wokuzalwa Ulbricht Walter bawongwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union kunye Order of uLenin imbasa "Gold Star" .

Ngomnyaka asixhenxe ananye, buqu Brezhnev lufuna yokurhoxa kwe Ulbricht. Emva kokuba incoko zobuqu eziliqela kuNobhala Jikelele wacela ukuyeka lo akwale. Yokuqala ngo-Agasti 1973 wafa, Walter Ulbricht. GDR kakhulu apho bakhoyo ibekho ngenxa yesi-nkqubo. Yena yafumanisa ukuba uphuhliso lweendawo eli lizwe kunye nemithetho yeenkqubo eminyaka ezayo.