Uqhoqhoqho - yintoni na le nto? Technique uqhoqhoqho

Kutyando, kukho imiba emibini - uqhoqhoqho kunye tracheostomy.

Uqhoqhoqho - yokuvula tracheal kunye nokwaziswa ityhubhu kuyo ukuba ukufikelela umoya yomoya asezantsi ngexesha zizalwa. Olu sebenziso likaxakeka yenziwa.

Tracheostomy - naye evula uqhoqhoqho, kodwa suturing kungqameko onesiphumo aqingqiweyo ukuya inyama bha ukuyilwa imigodi ukuphefumla.

A incinane

Le ndlela zonxunguphalo wayesele esaziwa eYiputa yamandulo kunye India, kukho ubungqina obubhaliweyo bokuba bakuthandileyo nkqu uAleksandr Veliky usindiso amadoda omkhosi wakhe. Malunga nale nkqubo, siye wabhala noHippocrates kunye Gallen, kodwa ngenxa trauma kwakhe yingozi ebomini idla kucetyiswa ukuba silisebenzise practice.

Umsebenzi lokuqala oluphemeleleyo lwaqhutywa yi ngugqirha Italian Anthony Brasavola ngo-1546. Oku ubungqina wokuqala zabhala emva kokuba inxeba umguli usaphila. Ukususela 1718 olu hlobo lotyando luya eziqhelekileyo oogqirha abafake izicelo ngakumbi ngokubanzi. Ukanti abaninzi nangoku ukoyika ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokomzekelo, ugqirha lobuqu George Washington wakhetha ukuba ibe nomonde wafa kunokuba wagqiba ukwenza izakhi yingozi.

Ukuvela imithetho ka aseptic kunye kubola kuyehla umngcipheko iingxaki kunye ukufa, kodwa sekunjalo akazange ikholwe abezonyango ukuba le ndlela ikhuselekile umguli. Okwangoku, uqhoqhoqho - indlela ekhethekileyo ukunceda, nto leyo isetyenziswa kuphela xa bonke ezinye iindlela (ukwamkelwa Geymliha, ekumfakeni) olungasebenziyo okanye Andinaxesha.

Le zabonisa ukuba utyando

Enoba kubonakala uqhoqhoqho elula, kubonakala ngokuba ungqongqo ngokwaneleyo, njengokuba yingozi kubomi babantu ngexesha le entamo mkhulu ingozi iingenelo. Zezi:

1. namaqumrhu angaphandle elele ngaphezu uqhoqhoqho, leyo ayisuseki ngezinye iindlela.
2. Contusions, ukuvala le mithambo ye kwingqula.
3. Acute laryngeal stenosis kwi diphtheritic ukukrala, pertussis, yimasisi, yesifo kunye t. D.
4. Zinonxibelelwano le mithambo ye uqhoqhoqho okanye kwingqula ithumba.
5. Ucinezelo le iphecana eliphezulu wokuphefumla ezivela ngaphandle.
6. isha chemical
7. stenosis uyalisa.

Iindidi ngokuma kokuphazanyiswa

• Acute, okanye fulminant, - iqalisa kumbandela lemizuzwana. Oku kube ukuvaleka ngamaqumrhu angaphandle, ezifana nokudumba umzimba.
• Acute - esizibonakalisa kwimizuzu embalwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ukubola komqala okanye amaqumrhu amazwe.
• Subacute - ukuvala sayo ngokuma ungatsala amashumi imizuzu okanye iiyure. Le meko Zinjalo ukukrala lobuxoki, umqala obuhlungu, ukutsha imichiza.
• Chronic - lungakhula iminyaka iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ezifana ezifana umhlaza kwingqula, perichondrium, cicatricial contracture noqhoqhoqho.

ngezigaba

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi uqhoqhoqho, kuxhomekeke netheknoloji zokuphunyezwa kwayo.

Izinga asike:

• Phezulu: kwinqanaba le intlala cricoid.
• Umyinge: kwinqanaba le intlala lengqula.
• Lower okanye konikotomiya.

Ngu uhlobo aqingqiweyo ayinabantu:

• Longitudinal.
• Lateral.
• U-ezimile.

zomculo

Musa ukulibala ukuba ukungxamiseka yawo yonke kunye ngcono, le ndlela kubekwe nokusebenza. Uqhoqhoqho kufuneka kwenziwe into ethile ngothotho lwezixhobo, ukuba zikhona. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba kwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini ezinkulu: utyando jikelele kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa.

Iqela lokuqala luquka forceps, ingadla yogqirha, yamasango bokumisa igazi, izikere utyando, amagwegwe kwinyama zingazala, a catheter, isirinji okanye inaliti. Iqela lesibini iquka tracheal cannula, luer, oquka ngemibhobho emibini amalungiselelo omnye ngaphakathi enye; Shassinyaka uzidibanisa ngokubamba uqhoqhoqho ngaphandle traumatizing ngayo; traheorasshiritel kunye umlobothi ukuhamba bucala zirhuqwe ngayo le ndlala lengqula.

Technique uqhoqhoqho

Phambi kokuba nawuphi na umsebenzi lwenziwa kumthamo ahambelana ukuqeqesha kunceda ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye yalula ukuba umguli aphumeze ungenelelo ngoncedo oluyimfuneko. Kule meko kuyimfuneko ukubeka isigulana emqolo kunye ubuninzi ulahle umva intloko yakhe emva intlala ye uqhoqhoqho baba ngokucacileyo ebonakalayo. Ukuze wenze oku, ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa irola. Emva nitrogen, umntu wamkela zomzimba. Kokuba imuncwe njenge jikelele nabeengingqi. konke kuxhomekeke kwiimeko apho umsebenzi esiqhutywa, umthamo ubudala, unyango kunye esibhedlele yesigulane. Ukuba imeko kaxakeka, ugqirha uqhuba nokuqhathwa ngaphandle zomzimba. Emva onke amalungiselelo aya kuqalisa ngoko nangoko uqhoqhoqho.

Technique na isikhumba wakubo lecandelo, nenqatha ongama, ifascia kunye webs ezinezikhondo ezantsi ukusuka intlala lengqula. Emva koko ke izihlunu kwabenza leyo exutywe an macala ngendlela obtuse. Phantsi nguwo intlala kunye zirhuqwe ngayo le ndlala lengqula. Iron siyahlukana uqhoqhoqho kukutyhalele phezulu, baziqhaqhe omnye ifascia. Umlobothi wakho, ukulungisa kwingqula, umda kuphungula blade umnwe umhlabelo okanye udaka, wenze liqatywe encinane. Le njongo yimpumelelo. Air emva emiphungeni. stop zokuphefumla Okokuqala kungenzeka, kodwa isigulane ke ngoko uqala ukukhohlela pink. Kuphela emva kokuba ugqirha Wayeqinisekile ukuba yaqala le ndoda kwakhona ukuphefumla, inxeba lifakwa cannula nonqatyisiweyo sutures okanye iglu. Inxeba sutured ukuze kuthinteleke ukubola eliphethwe ityhubhu.

Konikotomiya

Eli linyathelo encinane phambi uqhoqhoqho, ukuba akukho amathuba kunye nexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenza uqhoqhoqho. Running ngayo, musa ukwenza liye likhula amanxeba. Enye motion baziqhaqhe phantsi entanyeni ukuya intlala cricoid kunye nemisipha schitoperstnevidnoy. Eli candelo uqinisa lifakwa, oko liyangxengwa emihlathini uzicombulule kule ndawo. Ukuba isigulane waqalisa ukuphefumla, wajika ezipinki, waba ukukhohlela, ngoko inkqubo iyaphumelela. Kamsinya nje ingozi sele idlule, ibe iguqulelwe kwi konikotomiyu tracheostomy ukunika emoyeni abehla kumguli.

iimpazamo olunokwenzeka ngethuba ukuphululwa

Nayiphi ukusebenza ineziphumo yaso, kungekho ngaphandle kunye uqhoqhoqho. Iingxaki kuyo ezivelayo, zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu.

1. Xa inkqubo amanyathelo of:

• ukusika line elingalunganga kunokubangela ukopha lwemithambo, Embolism umoya, yaye ngamanye amaxesha transection kwemithambo carotid eqhelekileyo ;
• igazi angangena yomoya asezantsi, ibangela zizalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo;
• candelo kufuneka ilingane ubukhulu be cannula, kungenjalo kuya kufuneka ukuthunga kunye kwalimala esikule;
• cut ngokunzulu kunokubangela ukwenzakala esophageal, ngoko ke blade kuphungula kufuneka libekelwe umda 1 cm.

2. Ngoko nangoko emva kotyando:

• hypoxia;
• ukwa amakhonkco tracheal okanye okuhlatywa;
• emphysema ongama;
• pneumothorax.

3. igalelo Ilibazisekile:

• tracheobronchitis;
• tracheal stenosis nokuphinda zizalwa;
• ukutshintsha (hoarseness) iivoti for nezolo luvo transection;
• ukukhubazeka izithambiso.

Bonke oogqirha nkqu college ukukhumbula uqhoqhoqho kangakanani yingozi. Lo asinguye na uhlobo lomsebenzi onokuthi wenziwe rhoqo. Kuphela ngamaxesha kaxakeka, ingakumbi xa isigulana esengozini ubomi nokufa, kuba ungxamile, uyakwazi ukwenzakalisa isigulane. Ke ukuba eli ukuphululwa singàphunyezwa esibhedlele, kodwa ethile esitratweni okanye ekhaya, kufuneka ucinge izihlandlo ezilikhulu phambi kokuba isigqibo. Simple xa uqala, ubuchule kufuneka ixhaswe namava olwaneleyo ngugqirha. Uqhoqhoqho ekhaya ayikho nje engenakwenzeka, oko kuyingozi. Ukuba awunalo imfundo lonyango kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo, musa ukuzama ukuphinda kuyo.

Ukufeza uqhoqhoqho kuphela ikhawuleziswe ukusindisa ubomi bomntu! Umngcipheko yokufa okanye kakhulu iingxaki liphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukwenza ugqirha ucinga ngezinye iindlela. Nokuba unikwe into yokuba lo msebenzi sele kwaziwa ukusuka kudaladala, abezonyango ungekabikho ndicinge ukuba wenze kukhuselekile ngokwaneleyo ngayo.

Uqhoqhoqho - lithuba lokuba ukusindisa ubomi bomntu, kodwa ke ithuba elilingana efanayo ukuze bawuthabathe.