Uphi Madagascar? The Republic of Madagascar: imbali, izinto, olunomdla

The Republic of Madagascar, iifoto, ulwazi imbali, yaye ezinika engundoqo iyileyo thaca kwinqaku - indawo ekhethekileyo ngokwenene. Kubonakala ngathi yolondolozo lwendalo enkulu. Isiqithi ingqongwe yi-Indian Ocean, kwaye imyuziyam ngokwendalo kwesayensi. nawe Apha uza kufumana enkulu semi-entlango, apho kukho Cacti kunye nezityalo spinous Baobabs.

Abakhenkethi bathanda yi ezibomvu kunye neenduli eziluhlaza of Madagascar ifihle eyekiswe - isityalo Sidla izinambuzane. nawe Apha uza kufumana kwiikhilomitha ezininzi zokuqubha kunye namahlathi uzaliswe ngeentyatyambo ezingaqhelekanga. Ravenaly neentyatyambo afumaneka kulo lonke eMadagascar. Apha uza kufumana iingxangxasi, imigqomo yamanzi kunye namachibi nentle akhiwe yimingxuma mlilo extinct. Madagascar - sisiqithi nature reserve ekhethekileyo, ibekwe kufuphi nonxweme esempuma yoMzantsi Afrika, ezahlulwe ngayo yi-Mozambique Channel. Iindidi endalo akwimimandla uya kuzisa abahambi ulonwabo lokwenene.

Abemi lokuqala siqithi

Siza kukunika kuqala uqhelane nembali yalo umdla lizwe, njengoko weRiphabliki yaseMadagascar. iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nale hlanga siqithi baninzi. Siya kugxininisa kuphela kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo kwimbali sokubhatala yayo.

Ngokutsho iintsomi, abafudukayo abavela Afrika abemi bokuqala eMadagascar. Bona baziwa ngokuba uMika, okanye awafane, vazimba. Ngokutsho zophando lwezenzululwazi, abemi yokuqala ukuvela apha kwiinkulungwane 2-5. Sithetha abameli abantu Austronesian, ukuqubha xa kukho iphenyane ukuya esiqithini. Kamva apha beza zezizwe ezibe akhetha iindawo ekufuphi amanzi uBantu,. inzala Austronesian azinza ngaphambili, wathabatha embindini siqithi. Ehlabathini kwinkulungwane 10 ngenxa yokuba ukuxubana inane Austronesian of African wasungula ungubani abantu ngokuthi lizelwe.

Arabhu Marco Polo

I-Arabhu bafika Madagascar ngenkulungwane 7, yaye ukususela ngelo xesha kwi siqithi yaqala ukubonakala bubungqina obubhaliweyo. Kukholelwa ukuba Marco Polo wamnika igama eMadagascar. Xa memoirs bakhe umhambi wakhankanya ubuncwane ezininzi eziye Madeigaskar. Noko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba elichweba Mogadishu, ikomkhulu Somalia kaThixo, lingakhululwanga malunga siqithi. Noko ke, igama ziyaxinga kwaye uye wafikelela yethu mihla.

Ukufika baseYurophu

Ekuveleni kwiinkulungwane 15-16. Abantu baseYurophu bafika kwi siqithi. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala oku kuye kwenzeka xa inqanawa Diogo Dias, umhambi evela eItali, kude Kakade, eya eIndiya. nqanawa yaseYurophu kuqala yawela kunxweme eMadagascar. Ngenxa yokuba le yindawo anendima ukuba neyentengiso yabathengisi, emvulophini lonke Afrika, France kunye Britain wazama ukuseka beemboniselo zayo apha. Noko ke, balapha nobutshaba kunye nemozulu neliyingozi, ezidala izifo, ukwenza lo msebenzi phantse engenakwenzeka.

Pirates kwi Island

Ukuqalisa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-17, Madagascar wayesaziwa siqithi oyiparadesi iPirates kunye nabarhwebi amakhoboka. Oku ngenxa kwindawo yayo elula, kwakunye nenyaniso yokuba kwakungekho phantse akukho abasemagunyeni lobukoloniyali. Le isiqhithi eso kuthiwa ikhaya yesibini pirates bakhe abadumile ezifana William Kidd, uRobert Drury, Dzhon Bouen, kunye nabanye. Le ifoto ngentla ibonisa emangcwabeni iipirate (Santa Maria).

Imisebenzi Maurice Benevskaya

Ngo-1772, Moritz Benevskaya, YaseSlovakia wamazwe, weza nesicwangciso sophuhliso yaseMadagascar. Louis XV shoka him kulo. NgoFebruwari 1774 Moritz Wafik apha ekhatshwa oomatiloshe 237 kunye namagosa-21. Bomthonyama akukho ukuxhathisa, yaye phantse nangoko baqalisa ukwakha isixeko ekuthiwa Luibur, nto leyo eyaba likomkhulu siqithi. Iinkokeli Local ngo-1776 wonyulwa Benevskaya ukumkani. Noko ke, impembelelo French iye navuso iSlovakia, sele ukwazile ukwakha i wamajoni ngokuzimeleyo balapho. Urhulumente wayeka ukunceda kuye. Ngenxa yoko, Benevskaya wanyanzeleka ukuba siyeke kwisicwangciso nokubuyela Paris.

Amandla kwisiqithi kwinkulungwane ye-19

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, i-Merina, umbuso olwalukho ezintabeni kunye bodwa lenkcubeko eMadagascar, ubhengeze impembelelo yayo yonke siqithi. Radama I ku 1818, lazisiwe ukumkani. De-1896 wobukhosi bakhe abusa siqithi. umlawuli yakhe yokugqibela wabhukuqwa isiFrentshi, owathi ngo-1883 ifike apha.

Protectorate French ngo 1890, lifumene inkxaso eNgilani. France, ke, kuba kufuneka baqaphele amandla eNgilani e Zanzibar kunye eTanganyika. A neNgonyama lokuzalwa ngowe-1897, ekugqibeleni baphelelwe ngamandla alo.

Le kwinkulungwane yama-20 kwimbali yelizwe

Emva 1940 iJamani yahlasela France, amajoni aseBritani ahlala siqithi. Bammela ekuhlaseleni isiqithi Japanese umdla kuthi. Germany wazama ukwenza isicwangciso "Madagascar 'yakhe, apho apha simelwe ukususa 4 million amaYuda yaseYurophu.

Kanye ngo-1943, inxalenye Gaullist France ambamba amandla, izixholoxholo revolution waqala eMadagascar. Ngowe-1947, ekugqibeleni umzabalazo wezigalo geqe. Ngowe-1958, France wanika inkululeko ngamathanga yayo, nangona ukuba qhankqalazo livunyelwe. October 14, 1958 waye wavakalisa ezimeleyo lizelwe Republic, leyo phantsi Protectorate yaseFransi. Nasemva kweminyaka emi-2, kwiriphabliki ukuzimela. Ngamandla kwizandla ngezeNtlalo Democratic Party, ukhokelwa Philibert Tsiranana.

Ngowe-1972, esi siqithi saba nengxaki kwezopolitiko, nto leyo ekhokelele abasemagunyeni bafumana emkhosini, ikhokelwa ngu-General Ramanantsoa. Noko ke, December 31, 1974 jikelele yasuswa abalandeli bakhe post ekufuphi. Ngamandla kwizandla nomkhosi weefayili.

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-Democratic Republic of Madagascar

Ngo-1975 kwakukho urhulumente Democratic Republic of eMadagascar. zokwakha bobusoshiyali kwaqala kwi siqithi. Madagascar athatha lokuqinisa amatyathanga kunye eSoviet Union. Perestroika eSoviet Union kwakhokelela kwinkqubo efanayo kwisiqithi esibizwa ngokuba eMadagascar. Republic wambuyisela inkqubo yayo lamaqela ngamaqela kuphela ngo-1990. A yokubhikishela urhulumente badutyulwa ngo-1991 nokulawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi kunye nemarike iinguqu uqalile ukususela ngumongameli Albera Zafi, ngubani wangumlawuli ngo-1992

EMadagascar, January 31, 2009 kwabakho umboniso nxamnye norhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, oko Andrew Rajoelina, usodolophu elikomkhulu, wathi yena ngumongameli. Le yazibandakanya kugwetywa kumazwe amaninzi.

Ezi zadibana eziphambili zembali ukuba kuphunyeziwe kwiRiphabliki eMadagascar. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo lwayo ezininzi, kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha nje ezimbalwa kubo.

Antananarivo endaweni

Elikomkhulu karhulumente, Antananarivo (Tana), - lelona elikhulu yaye isixeko umdla kakhulu. Kwanele ezimibalabala Imerina umhlaba yamandulo apho elumelwaneni lwaloo komkhulu. Enkulu emasimini Zinokuxutywa apha umhlaba ekrwada langasentla, komwonyo wahlulelene iinduli kunye namachibi bayingqonga uAshera engcwele imithi yeziqhamo.

Antananarivo ebumelwaneni - lo IZemgale eli lizwe, zembali iziko layo, ezoqoqosho kunye nezenkcubeko. Of umdla omkhulu kubakhenkethi kukho amabhodlo enqabeni uKumkani Ralambu enxulumene ngenkulungwane ye-16. Ezo zinto phezu kwentaba Ambuhidrabibi. Eyona nayo kwibhotwe kunye ezinqabeni zokumkani, ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ke ingafunyanwa phezu kwentaba Ambuhimanga. zithandwa kakhulu imakethi Zebu, ibekwe Mandrasua (Republic of Madagascar). Ezinika umdla zotyelelo e kummandla mali zininzi kwaye zahlukene, akukho mfuneko yokuba never apha.

Esi sixeko abanda

Madagascar - yindawo apho abadli ngumkhenkce nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni. Imozulu luphawulwa kwemihla emininzi eshushu enelanga. Ngenxa kule abakhenkethi abaninzi bakhetha ikhefu kweli lizwe njengoko Republic of eMadagascar. Imozulu yi ulophu yetropika emazantsi wesiqithi, yaye emntla - subequatorial. Iindawo zishushu ibekwe kumntla-ntshona kunxweme, apho amaqondo emini maxa wambi degrees 35. Uphi na lo kusinda kule ubushushu? Yiya ku Antsirabe.

Thermal Spa Antsirabe - indawo ogqibeleleyo ukuphumla. Esi sixeko abanda kweli lizwe (kobushushu - 17 ° C). Yena lidume ubugcisa oyimfakamfele womluki. Endaweni apha ubugcisa indlu nobugcisa kwamanye Imizobo ezintle.

zemvelo kwingingqi lwenkunzi

Kule ndawo kukho ichibi elincomekayo kwaye mlilo Lake Tritriva (iboniswe ngezantsi), kunye Tatamarina Andraykiba, Antafufu neengxangxasi. Ambusitra - iyindawo cottage elihle ibekwe ecaleni ichibi lokwenziwa Mantasua. Abakhenkethi ngokuqinisekileyo enomdla amachibi ezintle Kavitaha ITAS kunye Pierina Reserve.

L'Ankaratra - elihle uluhlu intaba, akhiwe ukuya kumzantsi-mpuma kwikomkhulu. Le yindawo enkulu ukunyuka intaba kunye nemisebenzi yangaphandle. Gabhu phakathi unxweme ngasempuma ingqukuva, e Moramanga, yiyo Museum of the National Gendarmerie. Abafileyo Lake, omnye wemimangaliso yesiqithi, ibekwe kufuphi Antsirabe. Kuyinto ngumzimba omncinci amanzi (malunga neemitha ezingama-50 ukuya 100) ukuba amanzi phantse amnyama, nto leyo singqongwe ematyeni zakhiwe. Malunga 400 eziimitha ubunzulu yikristale-ecacileyo echibini. Nangona kunjalo, akukho phantse akukho izidalwa eziphilayo, yaye akukho namnye bakwazile ukuqubha kuyo kuyo.

kwizakhiwo edamini

Edamini complex, okwindawo eliphakamileyo yehewu, liselikho wamana enika umdla. Uthungelwano ekhasa lamajelo okusaqhubekayo phezu kwezi amadike. nawe Apha uza kufumana amadama eziliqela, umvuzo kunye iibhulorho ezincinane. River Madagascar nto ithengiswayo kakhulu. Ayelala daka kwikhondo layo, ukulahleka rocks. Ngenxa yale ntlambo bavuke kancinane ngaphezu kwenqanaba ngengingqi ezingqongileyo. Ukwenzela ukuba sifane emlanjeni, amadama zakhiwa, ekuthiwa izisombululo zayo ubungakanani kunye nobunjineli ongekho ngaphantsi kwe lodaka odumileyo Dutch. Ukususela icala, ukuba ziyafana kakhulu ukuya emasimini masimu, ezifumaneka kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia.

empumalanga of Madagascar

East of Madagascar yi-Indian Ocean. Le nxalenye siqithi iintsalela ayegqunyelelwe emahlathini ukuba zagutyungelwa zonke ngaphambili nommandla wayo. imilambo amaninzi niwele ezintabeni. Emathafeni unxweme - isiqwenga elimxinwa weentili 55 km ububanzi, leyo erhangqwe kwicala enye amahlathi, yaye kwelinye - ulwandle. Kule ndawo, kakhulu imozulu lweCarribean, iimvula phantse rhoqo apha. Ngoko ke, kwinxalenye esempuma wesiqithi baba ihlathi unique lemvula. Madagascar - Republic, izilwanyana kunye nezityalo okubangela uyolo ngokwenene abantwana kunye nabazali babo. Kwabo bafuna ukonwabela ngokupheleleyo ukuqhama yohlobo yasekuhlaleni, ephelele iphumle kwimpuma yeli lizwe. Apha, 700 km ukusuka Manakara ukuya Toamasina, uManeki channel Pangalan apho iintlanzi ezininzi nobomi zeentaka. Kwamenywa izilwanyana oyidingayo umdla zihlala kwihlathi ezingqongileyo.

Toamasina

Isixeko sesibini ngobukhulu kwisiqithi kunye port yayo inkulu yi Toamasina (Republic of Madagascar). Tours apha nabo ithandwa kakhulu. Kummandla mzi uya kufumana iindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zolonwabo, ezifana iiholide nemimandla Mahambu kunye Manda Beach Spa Irizothi Mahaveluna (Fulpuent). Asiyiyo kude elunxwemeni, olwandle, ubuxoki esiqithini Île Sainte-Marie, Île-usithene, Nosy Ilayntsambu, Ile-a-Nutt, Nkosikazi, kunye nabanye. Oku iiholide beach ezintle kwilizwe ezifana eMadagascar.

The Republic of Madagascar - indawo enkulu ukuphumla. I siqithi ingakumbi bathanda indalo. Madagascar - Republic, nto leyo ekuthethwa ngawo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, "vanilla siqithi". Akumangalisi oku, ngenxa yokuba kukho enezityalo nezilwanyana ezizodwa, kwaye iindwendwe zingeniswa ngabantu abanobubele. Ukuba ufuna awayengenakuyilibala, zive ukhululekile ukuya eMadagascar! Republic abakhenkethi nahlala nonwabile.