Unqulo ezisemthethweni Turkey

Eyona inkolo Turkey kaThixo - Islam. AmaSilamsi bona ngokwabo njengoko ngaphezu kwe-90% yabemi. Ngomhla kummandla urhulumente malunga 80 amawaka zamaSilamsi, ukubakho rhoqo apho Turks bahanahanisi bakholelwa ukuba umsebenzi wabo ezingcwele. Ezitalatweni ngokufuthi uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana abantu ovethe iingubo, apho ungakwazi ngokulula ukugweba kuyiphi inkolo.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto afana "unqulo ezisemthethweni Turkey" ngo-1928. Ukususela ngoko, umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente uyazimela kwimpembelelo Islam, imithetho yelizwe ayisekelwanga yimiqolo zonqulo oqinisekisa inkululeko yenkolo.

Imbali Emfutshane Islam

YamaSilamsi phakathi Arabhu awayehlala Arabia kunyaka 610. Kukholelwa ukuba xa ingelosi uGabriyeli weza uMprofeti Muhammad kunye umyalezo ovela kuThixo. Ukususela ngoko, ubomi le ndoda wayezinikele ngokupheleleyo ukusasazwa yezityhilelo evela Allah.

Nangona Muhammad unesiphiwo bokweyisela, ezintlwini abalandeli bakhe bakhula ngoko nangoko. Emva kwexesha elithile, bambalwa abantu abalishumi owakholwa waphezulu siprofeto wathetha nabo, kunye notitshala washiya isixeko eMecca. Isizathu sokuba oku yobutshaba abo bamkela Islam.

Bafudukela Medina, iqela amarhamente iimfundiso Mohammed wajika waya enkulukazi zonqulo kweso sixeko. Ukuhlala kuyo abahedeni, amaKristu namaYuda abasandula kubalwa amaSilamsi wabeka phambi kokuba ukhetho kunzima: ukuguqulwa ku Islam okanye ukufa.

Ekupheleni yobomi uMuhammad lwathatha unqulo entsha, uthi ezininzi Arabia. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, uMprofeti wathi abo endingakuthandiyo ukuba abe amaSilamsi, kufuneka kunyanzeleka ukuba benze njalo. Ngenxa yoko le "kukuphazamiseka" anegazi Islam lunqulo engundoqo onke amazwe elo lizwe, waza wayitwabulula kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo.

Into ekufuneka uyazile nge Islam?

Yintoni umi kolo ixhaphakileyo eTurkey, uyakwazi ukuthetha lukhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kufuneka ukwazi ngalo - ukuba "iintsika" ezintlanu eziphambili zokholo. Ukuba ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo eyahlula amaSilamsi okwenyaniso.

1. Ukukholelwa kuThixo omnye (Allah) kunye neengelosi zakhe kunye nokunakana Muhammad wokugqibela abaprofeti bakhe.
2. umthandazo ukuthotyelwa Daily - nkqubo equka amazwi kwimithandazo yeKoran ezinkqayiweyo kwizikhundla ezithile, wenziwe izihlandlo ezihlanu ngemini ngexesha elimisiweyo.
3. A kwirhafu kwiimfuno amahlwempu.
4. Ukudla engcwele kwinyanga ka Ramadan.
5. Uhambo eMecca.

Unofficial intsika wesithandathu Islam ithathwa ukuba siseko kumzabalazo ochasene amaRoma.

Imingcele in Islam

AmaSilamsi sisityebi Turkey nje kuphela, unqulo Islam ixhaphake kumazwe yoMntla Afrika kunye Asia. Bonke abalandeli bayo bemanyene eminye imithetho, imigaqo kunye nemimiselo entsonkothileyo. Noko ke, njengoko nayiphi na enye inkolo, amaSilamsi akholwa nabo kuphela bazibiza ezinjalo.

Unqulo iqhelekileyo Turkey umda abalandeli bayo ngendlela yokuziphatha, inentsulungeko kwaye nangokomoya. Ngokomzekelo, amaSilamsi akakwazi ukutya, isiselo yehagu utywala kunye gembula. Ngokutsho imithetho abafazi Koran kufuneka uye ngakuntsonkotha. Akuvunyelwe ezibonisa uThixo kunye nabantu.

Turkey iye yakhula ukusuka engumSilamsi embusweni wezwe

Nokungalali Islam urhulumente unqulo status of Turkey kwenzeka ngo-1028. Adunyiswe oku okuya ngumongameli wokuqala, lowo wakhokela Turkish Republic, Kemal Ataturk. Bavumayo kuhlaziyo ijolise ekwaziseni ilizwe amaxabiso Europe.

Ngenxa yoko, Turkey yaba lilizwe lokuqala Muslim ingadibani ngokupheleleyo kumandla unqulo. Loo utshintsho akakwazanga kodwa libangele izixholoxholo elithile kuluntu kwaye hayi ukuba nimqumbise ukuvela kwi intshukumo Islamic. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngcono kakhulu impembelelo yonqulo kwezopolitiko lizwe.

Iziphumo ukupheliswa i inkolo yombuso

Ngenxa yesiphumo utshintsho-siseko yi Ataturk, abemi balo ngcembe yaba serious kangaka ngonqulo lwakhe kunye nemimiselo Qur'an. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa iziselo ezinxilisayo sele wayeka ukuba phantsi ekuhlaleni, Turks amaninzi ziqhume. ukuba yanele kokwenza nje ezimbini endaweni ezintlanu imithandazo ngemini.

abafazi Turkish ngokukhuselekileyo indawo isigqubuthelo itshefu ngokusebenzisana ilokhwe eqhelekileyo yaseYurophu, okanye banxibe ngokupheleleyo ngemilinganiselo yasentshona. Noko ke, isithethe ukwenza ulwaluko amakhwenkwe unendima ebalulekileyo kubomi lamaMuslim yabantu Turkey ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. inomthetho ukuthintelwa ukuba badle inyama yehagu.

Ukususela isihlokomiso somthetho Turkish Republic wasukuma yonke ilungelo ukuphuhlisa abambalwa ngokukhululekileyo zonqulo lizwe. Lo mgaqo-siseko omtsha ayithethi imo kuphazamisa ilungelo labo yokunqula.

Indlela ukujongana Muslims?

Full ubonisa umoya wayo ukuba abakhenkethi abatyelela Turkey. Inkolo idlala indima ebalulekileyo. AmaSilamsi ebesoloko zizakubalulwa ngenxa ngembeko babo imbeko. Kakade ke, babala kwi ukusabela okufanayo evela iindwendwe kunye namazwe yayo lobuhlobo.

Yeyiphi inkolo e Turkey yengundoqo kwaye imisela iziseko kunye nomsa labantu mihla le lizwe - lo ngumba akufuneki ukuba zingahoywa nawuphi na umntu ofuna ukuba atyelele eli lizwe ngeenjongo zokhenketho. Njengoko lundwendwe, kubalulekile ukuba namasiko endawo kunye zengqondo zabantu, ukuba umntu bazakhele nimcaphukise.

Umzekelo, ukuhlonela izimvo zabemi Turkish ngazo ngokwayo ekuqhubeni endaweni yayo ayenziwanga kakhulu utyhila iimpahla. Ukusondela embindini lizwe, kufuneka kube kubi ngakumbi ngale ezincinane. Ukutyelela zamaSilamsi avunyelwe ukuba wonke umntu, kodwa abakhenkethi kukho indawo echongiweyo ekungeneni kwesi sakhiwo, ngaphaya apho kubhetele ukuba ahambe.

Engena indawo yonqulo, umfazi kufuneka ndinxibe isikhafu phezu kwentloko yakho uze uqiniseke ukuba iingalo kunye nemilenze yakhe zagutyungelwa iimpahla. Isakhiwo angaya zihlangu kuphela. kungcono ukuba Abaqalayo ukuya mosque ngexesha umthandazo ngqo, kokukhona kufuneka sizame ukuthatha umfanekiso iziganeko. Islam othintela ukwenza imifanekiso yabantu. Nangona bonke abahlali Turkish mihla ngqo lo mgaqo, phambi ukufaka abanye babo kulo mfanekiso, kubalulekile ukuba ucele imvume.

Leeholide zonqulo engundoqo: Ramadan

Turkey inkolo amarhamente yoninzi lwabantu, kuquka ngokugcinwa kweeholide ezinkulu ezintathu. Ramadan, yinxalenye imincili ngoJanuwari noFebruwari ithathwa inyanga lokutyelela incwadi engcwele Koran. Ngeli xesha, njengoko inkoliso Turks, ivale ekungeneni Esihogweni nokunikezela - eParadesi, abantu balahle iimpembelelo ezimbi.

Ramadan - ixesha yokuguquka kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo. Ayekholelwa ukuba izono zangaphambili sewazixolelwa kule nyanga kulula, kunye kukwaphula Koran, wenza kweli xesha engcwele, ukulahlwa okukhulu. Ramadan ibhiyozelwa ngokuzila - esidla, esela, ukutshaya, yaye babe nobuhlobo kungavumelekanga kuphela ngexesha lasemini.

Leeholide zonqulo engundoqo: Seker Bayram and Kurban Bayran

Enye ebalulekileyo iholide yamaSilamsi, Seker Bayram waphawula ngoko nangoko emva Ramadan, oko kukuthi, ukususela 9 Februwari, iintsuku ezintathu. igama layo ubunjwe amagama amabini Turkish eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "Sugar Festival". Kule mihla, kulandele bekutyelelo iindwendwe neziphungo ezininzi.

Leeholide yesithathu ebalulekileyo ibhiyozelwa eTurkey, i Bayran Eid, oluba Epreli. Kuthatha iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, kwaye kudla kunye oluya eMecca. Nangona uninzi Turks ukuhlonipha amakholwa ukuba kuyimfuneko izithethe zonqulo ngaphandle bashiye amakhaya abo.

Babingelela ku Allah izilwanyana ngokukodwa ezityetyisiweyo, ukuya zamaSilamsi, phulaphula iintshumayelo nasekudumiseni uThixo ngengoma. Kurban Bayran kwakhona kunye notyelelo ukuya emadlakeni ukuze imbeko kwisikhumbuzo abafileyo abathandekayo.

US ne US

Sunnis enza 4/5 zonke Muslims abenza abahlala Turkey. Islam zahlulwe phakathi kwamasebe amabini kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko. Nezimvo zahlulwe xa kwavela umbuzo yokukhetha umlawuli elizayo. Nembono ukuba kufuneka umntu abangabembewu Muhammad, bonke bavumelana. Kodwa enyanisweni, sodidi apho kufuneka lilifa komlawuli, iimbono bungayelelani.

Sunnis kwaye Shiites ayikho amaqela omnye komnye ekusebenziseni izinto zonqulo, nto leyo ekhuthaza unqulo iphambili eTurkey. Bayakwazi bathandaze kunye yaye ukwenza uhambo. Zombini makahloniphe Koran kwaye bagcine i "iintsika" ezintlanu lokholo. Iingxabano phakathi kwezi ntshukumo zenkolo zinqabile kakhulu, njengoko Shiites, eqonda inani labo elincinane, ngazo zonke iindlela ukuzama siyiphephe.

Okunye Turkish Inkolo

All of Turkey Religion Ipesenti ukuvakalisa nzima, njengoko ayalingana idata ekhoyo. UbuKristu, zobuJuda yezidizm share zidibene hayi ngaphezulu kwe-3% yabemi.

Kukho ngaphezu kwama-300 kuluntu zamaKristu, amalungu leyo 0.6% yabemi karhulumente. Phakathi kwazo kukho Orthodox, amaKatolika kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zamaProtestanti. Ngokusisiseko, musa ukufuna okanye ingcinezelo amalungelo abo.

encinane kakhulu njengepesenti inani amaYuda eTurkey ziye ikwazile ukwakha malunga 40 zesikhungu. Yezidizm, unqulo Kurds eTurkey, nguye ezininzi ubuncinane. abameli Uninzi kweli qela uhlanga abahlala zasentla Muslim Cartoon.

Impembelelo eminyaka ubudala iimfundiso Muhammad kubonakala kakhulu xa nokuziphatha yokuphila sabantu phantsi igama Turkey. Inkolo, emva kokuba nguqulelo sele elinamandla obunjalo kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi bomntu. Noko ke, uninzi lwezithethe kunye nezimo zengqondo eveliswa iindinyana iKurani, emaqanda bahlala ezingqondweni zabo. Eli lizwe ngoxolo ndawonye abo ngokungqongqo ibambelela zonke izithethe zonqulo, nabo abaphula ngeendlela ezininzi.