Ungayilungisa njani ulwahlulo lomgca kwiCSS?

Umbhalo ukuya kumhla usona luhlobo oluphambili lolwazi oludluliselwayo kwiindawo ezikhulu zeWebhu Yehlabathi. Ngoko ke, ulawulo lweembonakalo zalo lunikezelwa ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Esinye isici esibalulekileyo sesicatshulwa ngumgca wendawo, obeka umgama phakathi kwemigca. Ukuba awuzange uhlangabezane nalo mgaqo, mhlawumbi awuzange usebenze neCSS. Emva koko, lo luhlobo lwesitayela olunika imiyalelo ekhoyo yokutshintsha zonke iimpawu zangaphandle ezibalulekileyo zesicatshulwa. Lo mgaqo uxhaswa yizo zonke izikhangeli zanamhlanje kwaye zifakwe kumgangatho wazo zonke iinguqulelo zokushicilela amaphepha (CSS: Iifayile zeScottading Style).

Rule

Kwi-CSS, ukusabalalisa umgca kusetyenziswa ngokusebenzisa umyalelo wokuphakamisa umgca olula. Ukurekhodwa kwenziwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Unokwabelwa nayiphi na inombolo engabonakaliyo njengexabiso. Ukuba "ukuphakama komgca: -4px;" icacisiwe, umyalelo uya kuhoywa. Ungacacisa ixabiso "eliqhelekileyo" okanye "uzuze". Owokuqala uya kusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwexesha lokuzenzekelayo, elinqunywe kuye ngohlobo kunye nobukhulu befonti ekhethiweyo. Kule meko, umgama phakathi kwemigca ifakwe kwisiphequluli ngokwawo. Ukwahlula umgca kungathatha ixabiso elizuzwe kwiitaki "zabazali" usebenzisa ixabiso "lefa".

Nentsingiselo

Zonke ixabiso, ngaphandle kwemiyalelo eqhelekileyo, zinokuhlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: isiqhelo kunye naso. Ukwahlula umgca weCSS kukuvumela ukuba uguqule ukulawula umgama phakathi kwemigca, usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezilungelelaniso zokwenza ngokwezifiso. Iimpawu ezingapheliyo ziquka zonke iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo zobude ezisetyenziswa kwiCSS. Olu luhlu lubandakanya: kwi (intshi), pt (amanqaku), px (iipekseli), nabanye. Ikhefu ibalwa ukusuka kwisiseko sefonti. Ukuba ubhala phantsi umgaqo: "ukuphakama komgca: 10px;", umgca wendawo iya kuhlala i-pixels ezili-10. Le ndlela ilungile xa ufuna ukuchaza ixesha elichanekileyo lefonti ethile. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba wonke umntu unokwandiswa kwesikrini. Yaye ukuba unomgama onjalo ubonakala ukhulu, akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu uya kuba nomphumo ofanayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiidivaysi eziphathekayo umgama omkhulu wendawo ungabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Xabiso

Ukuxazulula ingxaki ngekwandiso lweefowuni ezahlukeneyo, ungasebenzisa izixabiso ezinxulumene. Ithenda yepesenti isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ixabiso kule meko lisetyenziswe malunga nobude befonti. Ngokomzekelo, ukucacisa "ukuphakama komgca: 150%;", sithola ithuba eliphakathi kweleta ephakathi. Ku-100% ubude befonti esetyenzisiweyo. Abaphuhlisi abaninzi abanamava batusa ukusetyenziswa ukusebenzisa ixabiso elithile. Ngoko uzigcinela kunye nabasebenzisi bakho kwiingxaki ezinxulumene nezandiso ezahlukeneyo zekrini.

Isiphelo

Ukuba usebenzisa i-font standard standard, kwaye unomdla kumgca ocacileyo wendawo, khetha ixabiso elipheleleyo. Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko kunqweneleka ukubeka ipropati yepropati. Xa udinga ukwenza ixesha elilodwa kwinqanaba elithile loxwebhu, sebenzisa iileyibhile ze-id okanye i-selectors. Ngaloo ndlela, akudingeki ukuba ubeke umgca wendawo kumqulu wonke.