Uncedo, lexinene etyuwa le Indian Ocean. Izilwanyana nezityalo

Indian Ocean, omnye kwabathathu amadama inkulu kakhulu kwiplanethi enguMhlaba. Lolo hide zivela elunxwemeni Antarctica kumazwe Asian. Kuxhomekeke phakathi kweAfrika kunye Australia. Erhangqwe yi-Pacific and Atlantic amanzi. indawo yayo mkhulu kwama-70, 000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha, ngoxa ixabiso ubunzulu avareji ifikelela 4000 m.

Isiqabu yesingqengqelo ehamba

Indian Ocean Geography ezahlukeneyo ubuncinane inani kweelwandle. iziqithi encinane kakhulu. Eyona idumileyo - kuba eSri Lanka, Maldives, Andaman and Madagascar. Emazantsi namanxweme Oku ukuba zenziwe, kodwa hayi njalo kwi ngengingqi wasentla. Ububanzi kweshelfu awudluli kwiikhilomitha ezilikhulu. ithambeka engile ezahlukeneyo transconductance yahluka kuluhlu ukusuka °-10 ukuya kwi-30.

Ocean iidipozithi Indian igesi kunye neoli osisityebi, intlabathi monazite, chrome esikrwada, zekopolo nezinye zesinyithi. ezantsi kwayo yakhiwa thalassocratons. Abanoxanduva uzinzo ziitectonic plates. Kwimiphetho esililini bahlala platform lizwekazi.

zamanzi

Le etyuwa le Indian Ocean ngenxa lokuhamba imisinga kumphezulu. Kwaye kwindawo yomntla intshukumo amanzi monsoonal. Ukususela ngoJuni ilawulwa imisinga neMpuma Koloni kunye noMntla. Winter - ntshona kunye nomzantsi. Phakathi-Januwari endaweni yayo asakhulayo intshukumo zemvula. Kwakhona bodwa circulations cyclonic kunye ezivuzayo ezibandayo.

Iqondo lobushushu kunye etyuwa le Indian Ocean ezi kuhlangene. kuna amanzi ashushu +20 ° C. Amaxabiso ubuninzi ngaphezulu +30 ° C. Bona ziphawulwe kwisiqingatha sesibini May. Akwi-ikhweyitha ngexesha eshushu ukuya ku +28 ° C. Kufuphi nonxweme Afrika ezinye ubungqina - malunga +23 ° C. Bezulu uqaphele ukuba efudumeleyo amanzi ashushu kwi-5 ° C ngaphezu kwimpuma. Le akhawunti Iindleko amandla ephambili ukuba komphunga ukunyakama, kunye nezinye - exchange ubushushu kunye esicwangciswe emoyeni.

Ophelelwe Indian Ocean kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi eseleyo ukufuma komphunga phezu kunye nomthamo kwemali evela emhlabeni nomsinga. Ngokutsho manani, nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba sonyaka omnye, ezi amaxabiso 1380 no-1000 mm ngokulandelelana. Restock amanzi omlambo. Yavela amashumi eziliqela amawaka eekhilomitha ukusuka elunxwemeni, bathi chu wayisa amaza alo ukugqiba umendo enzonzobileni evuzayo.

Indian Ocean ophelelwa kwiindawo million - 34,8 ‰. Yi ukuhamba endalo iGanges samkelwe kulala kunye Limpopo. Njengoko kwakunye nokuqukuqela Brahmaputra kunye Zambezi. Zezona kwetyuwa izityalo zendalo yonxweme amazwekazi yaseYurophu Afrika.

etyuwa iphezulu Indian Ocean kwi-PPM baphawula kwi Arabia. Sithetha i-Red Arabia Seas, nePersian Gulf. Apha, umzekelo, kuLwandle Andaman kunye Bay of Bengal, le parameter liye ngaphantsi kancinci. Uninzi amanzi kucingwa ukuba ummandla kwindawo kumzantsi ° 40. Apha, ubutyuwa ubuncinane i-Indian Ocean. Njengoko ipesenti oko iiyunithi-33 kuphela.

The main iparameters

Kuya kunye lexinene amanzi. Entshonalanga, ixabiso layo idla ku-1 024. Xa ezinezinga Nordic, nto ilingana no-1 027. kufikelela bakhe ubuncinane kwi Bay of Bengal kunye inxalenye emntla-mpuma. zophuculo Oxygen kwakhona kwenzeka edyokhweni. Emantla ngayo - 4.5 ngeemililitha, nakwelasezantsi - 8, nto leyo kwakhona ibonisa ukuba etyuwa Indian Ocean liphezulu.

Ekubeni Kwakhona adityaniswe umbala wamanzi. Xa ubunzulu nto idla mnyama blue, phantse emnyama. Kufuphi Antarctica iba oluhlaza. Kufuphi nonxweme Tint olwahlukileyo zana. Njengoko kwamathuba tide ephantsi, amandla abo ingabi kakhulu njengoko kwezinye ulwandle, kwaye inkqubo ithatha indawo kulawulo semidiurnal.

Kule ngasentla, kukho iibhloko omkhenkce. NgoFebruwari, bona bafuduka kunye ukufikelela 68 ° inkululeko emzantsi. Ekupheleni ehlotyeni kuba indlela emfutshane kakhulu. Kuphela ngamaxesha athile kwazo zingaphunyezwa ° 55.

nkqo පිළිතුරු iimpendulo yamanje

isakhiwo Deep kunye etyuwa Indian Ocean kwemisinga yabangela. Bona baphuma kwiindawo Antarctic kunye sub-kweenjiko. I yangaphambili ibizwa kufuphi-ezantsi, kwaye eyesibini - ehamba. Kukho kwakhona twist eliphakathi. imisinga Deep evela Atlantic kunye inxalenye kuLwandle Olubomvu.

Ngenxa yoko, ukusasazwa yamanzi etyuwa le Indian Ocean ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• amadama sehlathi - 35 ‰;
• amanzi Antarctic - 34 ‰;
• imisinga Atlantic - 34,68 ‰;
• nokuphuma elizwekazi - 34,77 ‰.

kulona

Kumanzi abanzi kubhalwe inani elikhulu kweentlobo nekorale, zonke ezo zidibene ukwenza izakhiwo yendalo emangalisayo. Akaphumelelanga neziqithi nokuba wonke - isiphumo yomsebenzi wabo. Xa Kaka- le "zakhiwo" afumaneka oononkala kunye neempethu, iziponji, korale, urchins, neentlanzi ezimibalabala.

Kwiindawo ezinodaka inokufumaneka zemoto. Le ntlanzi ukuba ixesha elide kunokuba ngendlela zolwelo medium, kwaye kwindawo evulekile. Kwiingcamba ezinzulu kolwandle kumiwa hi ezingenamqolo, anchovies, ookrebe, iinyoka, tuna, whales, dugongs. abameli imifuziselo iintaka enkulu Indian Ocean frigates kunye nyoni emhlophe. Kunxweme, oonombombiya ubomi.

Flora

Le flora bomhlaba ezantsi ukuze zenze peredinievye, calcareous nobulembu ebomvu kunye diatoms. Ezi ziquka fucus, makrotsistis, kelp. Le esezansi ekuthiwa-ekuveleni ukukhawulelana eziphilayo eziluhlaza-eluhlaza.

trade

Fishing kwenziwa inzuzo kumanzi onxweme le Indian Ocean. isabelo sayo okumenza kune-5% yemveliso iyonke. Kufuphi ukuloba Antarctic ijolise abameli sentlanzi enkulu.

Kwezinye iindawo Australia ukuba ingqokelela perile. pool Persian wayedlisela iidipozithi ezininzi zeoli. Kwezinye iingingqi, misela esikrwada zentsimbi kunye manganese. Kwezinye iindawo, kukho diamonds.