Employment - oku ... Centre Employment. Umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente umsebenzi

Employment - ayikho nje enye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho. Phantsi kolu didi, ungenza kugweba ntle yabantu naliphi na ilizwe. Kule inqanaba eliqikelelweyo zengqesho, nto leyo sisalathisi esibalulekileyo koqoqosho olukhulu.

le nkcazelo

Employment - isenzeko isicwangciso yezentlalo noqoqosho. Kuyinto umsebenzi oluncedo ekuhlaleni kwenani labemi, injongo kuxhomekeke ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zentlalo zobuqu, kwakunye imivuzo (ingeniso). Le nkcazo unika uMthetho "Kwi nomsebenzi Russian Federation". Olu xwebhu ebalulekileyo yamkelwa 19.04.1991, phantsi inombolo 1032-1.

Employment - olu didi nalo kwezoqoqosho. It is a iseti ubudlelwane ezinxulumene imisebenzi yabasebenzi yabemi. Olu didi kwezoqoqosho uvakalisa iqondo ukufakwa abemi beli msebenzi luncedo ekuhlaleni. kwakhona salatha nemfuno zeenkampani ze yokulinganisa abasebenzi ubukho zemisebenzi ezifunekayo ukuze ingeniso. Zonke ezi zithuba zibonisa yengqesho enye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo kwimalike yabasebenzi.

Abanye ababhali aninike omnye inkcazo kota. Ngenxa yazo, ingqesho yabantu - lo parameter eziphambili eziyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle kwimarike yabasebenzi. Kulo mzekelo, ke uhlobo oluthile ubudlelwane phakathi uhlobo lwabantu kwezoqoqosho kunye esemthethweni. Kwaye oku ayimangalisi, kuba umntu ufumana emsebenzini, kubandakanywa kule okanye intsebenziswano yabasebenzi. De kufike ixesha umqeshwa uhlala kwi esezantsi okhethiweyo yakhe kwicandelo lezoqoqosho kuqoqosho, ezi ubuhlobo kuqhubeka ukuba kube njalo.

iindidi zabasebenzi

Umthetho "Kwi nomsebenzi Russian Federation" olunika ingcaciso yazo naziphi na abemi belizwe nga kuthathwa zifakiwe kumsebenzi luncedo eluntwini.

Aba bantu:
- usebenza phantsi izivumelwano nabasebenzi kwakunye namanye inkonzo okanye umsebenzi apho bengahlawulwa;
- ebhaliswe njengosomashishini ngabanye;
- benza ekulobeni sokutya kunye nokuthengisa imveliso phantsi izivumelwano;
- akhethwe, evunyiweyo okanye abaqeshwe kwizikhundla owabhatalayo;
- ukwenza iindidi ngeendidi zemisebenzi ngokungqinelana iikhontrakthi umthetho wobukhaya okanye copyright;
- amalungu op (amanyeneyo);
- osebenzela emkhosini, eminye imisebenzi, kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of Internal Affairs;
- abafundi on amasebe bexesha elizeleyo amaziko emfundo;
- engekho okwethutyana ukusuka emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula, ikhefu, ngenkani, etc;..
- bangabathathi-nxaxheba (Abaseki) kunye nemibutho ngokuphathelele amalungelo nempahla yakutshanje.

Iimfuno rhwebo

Ukususela ekupheleni koo zenkulungwane lokugqibela, iRashiya walile uhlobo lolawulo-umyalelo wolawulo. Uqoqosho balo ukuya kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho, nto leyo efunekayo iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo. Not idlule, kwaye namathuba engqesho. ziye wenza utshintsho nayo ezininzi. Uphuhliso ezintsha ezisekelwe kumava sele urhwebe kumazwe aphuhlileyo. Isiphumo sale msebenzi sele isenzo yowiso "Xa yengqesho abemi Russian Federation", ukubonakalisa imigaqo esisiseko karhulumente kulo mba. Eyokuqala kubo kubekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko Russian. Ithi malunga nohlobo ngokuzithandela umsebenzi kunye nokufumaneka ilungelo labemi ukulahla ngokukhululekileyo amakhono abo kumsebenzi oyiliweyo kunye nemveliso.

Owesibini imigaqo ebekwe phantsi umthetho uxanduva kuRhulumente ukudala iimeko eziyimfuneko zengqesho kunye ukuzikhethela abemi yokusebenza. Ngelo lizwe kufuneka ukuqinisekisa iimfuno zexesha elide kunye accounting yesizwe. Lo ngumthetho-siseko yesithathu yengqesho. Oorhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba kufuneka sizame ukuqala endaweni iindlela karhulumente ummiselo, kwakunye ukuba aphazamise kwimarike ukuzeyisa kweli candelo. Oku kufuneka kusetyenziswe amathuba zemali imali off-mali, mali, imibutho yoluntu, amashishini kunye abemi ngokwabo ukuze ukuphumeza ukusebenza ngendlela lwezentlalo nezoqoqosho iinkqubo zikarhulumente yamkelwe. Lo mgaqo yesine ka-nkqubo karhulumente kulo kwinqanaba yengqesho.

Iindlela kunye nobuchule yengqesho

Kuyo nayiphi na umgaqo-nkqubo yengqesho uburhulumente sagqitywa kakhulu ebekwe yi iinjongo zenkampani kunye neenjongo. Ukongeza, ilizwe ngalinye Ungasebenzisa iindlela zabo zokusombulula iingxaki kule ndawo. Ngoko ke, ukukhululwa imodeli American. Oku kubandakanya ukudalwa inani elikhulu imisebenzi, ukusuka apho abantu kufuna ephakamileyo, kwaye ingeniso efunyenwe kubo ephantsi. kwimarike yabasebenzi Loo iyahlutha inxalenye enkulu yabemi esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho. Ngokusemthethweni, izinga lentswela lisephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, inani labantu nemivuzo ephantsi inyuswe kakhulu.

Xa isicelo yemodeli yaseScandinavia phantse bonke abemi eyomeleleyo kuya kuba imisebenzi kunye ngokwemiqathango eyanelisayo kunye nemiqathango intlawulo. Oku kuyenzeka ukuba wenze inani elikhulu lezithuba kwicandelo likarhulumente. Noko ke, ukwenza lo mgaqo-nkqubo igcwele ukuvela ekunyukeni kwexabiso lentengo kunye kwamanani yobuncwane.

Xa ekudaleni inamba yemodeli yaseYurophu labantu abaqeshiweyo lifinyele kunye ukwanda kwemveliso kunye nengeniso zabasebenzi. Ndiqhuba nkqubo onjalo kufuneka ixhaswe yinkqubo yezibonelelo ezibizayo elinyusayo-inani abangasebenziyo.

Iintlobo-nkqubo yengqesho

Endle yengqesho abemi balo urhulumente unako ukwenza imisebenzi esebenzayo kunye kwisixando sokwenziwa. Eyokuqala kwezi uquka uthotho amanyathelo ezijolise ekukhuthazeni ingqesho. Umgaqo-Active kubandakanya amanyathelo ezijolise ekuthinteleni kudendwe nokulondoloza imisebenzi, ukwandisa abemi zemfundo noqeqesho, umbutho ka nemisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo yoluntu, inkxaso lweshishini zabucala, njalo njalo. D. Konke oku kuyanceda ukwehlisa izinga lentswelo ngqesho kweli lizwe.

urhulumente athathe amanyathelo ukukhuthaza ingqesho nkqubo kwisixando sokwenziwa. Ilandela kuphela iziphumo ezibi ezenzeka kumanqanaba aphezulu ngqesho. Urhulumente uhlawula iinzuzo zabemi abangaphangeliyo nokubonelela ngeenkonzo ukuze kukhethwe emsebenzini. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli lizwe kuququzelelwa zii-ofisi zengqesho. Ukongeza, ngexesha nkqubo isixando, urhulumente elungiselela umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha. Inika inkxaso-mali okanye-nobubele abangasebenziyo.

amazwe aphuhlileyo ne rhwebo ojolise ngokwentlalo, na, njengokuba umthetho, umgaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo yengqesho abemi. Urhulumente lizibophelele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba:
- umsebenzi wonke ufunayo;
- umsebenzi umsebenzi kwinqanaba isebenzayo;
- Kukho inkululeko yokuzikhethela zokusebenza.

Ekuphumezeni zonke iinjongo

Ukuze itshokhwe ngaphandle amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuphumeza umgaqo entsimini yengqesho abemi, kuyimfuneko ukuba bathathele ingqalelo inqanaba nebakala kophuhliso loqoqosho kweli lizwe. Enye into ebalulekileyo ekucombululeni iingxaki zengqesho ziya kuba kokudityaniswa lo mkhuba nesigqibo zeengxaki ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho nezentlalo.

uphakamise njani umgangatho wokuchaza bengqesho labantu? Sebenzela ukuphucula eli nani ngokusebenzisa iindlela nokuba ziyangqinelana le ndlela kunye neemeko yesizwe.

iindlela Pre aphuhliswe-kufuneka kusoloko anxityelelaniswe kwinkqubo-sikhokelo ye-nkqubo yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho. Kulo mzekelo, zonke izigqibo entsimini yengqesho kufuna amanyathelo hayi kuphela ngurhulumente. Amanyathelo kweli cala iyafuneka ezivela kubaqeshi kubaqeshwa.

Abasemagunyeni ukukhuthaza ingqesho

Ngowe-1991, i-Federal Employment Service yasekwa kwenani labemi i-Russian Federation. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ulawulo oluhlanganisiweyo ilizwe yengqesho abemi benza iSebe lezeMisebenzi noPhuhliso lweNtlalo of Russia. Kuye kwaqulunqwa 1996 akuba ewubhangisile, ngexesha elifanayo nje ezintathu arhente zentlalo:

- Ministry of kwiinkonzo zentlalo. ukhuselo yabemi.
- Ministry of lezaBasebenzi.
- Federal Employment Service.

Kweli sebe elisandula kusekwa obabangela ukuba kuveliswe umgaqo-nkqubo yengqesho karhulumente. Ukongeza, iSebe lezabaSebenzi kunye noPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo lilawula inkqubo iphela iinkonzo zengqesho kusetyenziswa ii-ofisi zemimandla.

Umsebenzi ophambili yebhunga lolawulo ukuphuhlisa mali kwinkalo iinkqubo zengqesho, imigangatho kunye neenjongo ngokuhlanganyelana ne-ofisi zemimandla. Lo msebenzi lujolise ekukhuseleni labemi okuchasene nokungabinamsebenzi.

Iinkonzo akwingingqi subordinated ngqo kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa lezaBasebenzi kunye noPhuhliso loLuntu. Ukuqondisa umsebenzi amalungu igunya, ibekwe ngqo emhlabeni. Kulo mzekelo, luxanduva yeenkonzo zengingqi ziquka:
- isicwangciso;
- ukufundiswa;
- mali;
- ukulawula.

Service Employment Local iqhutywa yi-mandla zengingqi kule nkalo, aqhube eluntwini ngqo. Lilele imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla.

imisebenzi yen

Abemi abanqwenela ukufumana umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, kufuneka isicelo kwiziko yengqesho kwidolophu okanye kwilali. Le ilicandelo noshowo Ministry of Labour noPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo, uya kunika iingcebiso kwaye wazise malunga nezithuba ezikhoyo. Ukongeza, iziko engqesho kuya kuba eziliqela nezinye iinkonzo. Phakathi kwabo:

- intlawulo imali nokungasebenzi;
- ukunika izinto kunye noncedo zengqondo nabangaphangeliyo, kwakunye namalungu eentsapho oxhomekeke.

MNS nokusombulula imisebenzi emine engundoqo. Zezi:
- ukhuseleko loluntu abemi abangaphangeliyo;
- lwezakhono noqeqesho;
- ukuququzelela ingqesho;
- ngokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nezithuba zomsebenzi.

Izikhombisi MNS imisebenzi

Isimo naliphi na ilizwe acwangcise kwaye olawula imeko yengqesho ukuba abemi balo. Russian Federal Employment Service liqhuba nemcimbi ejoliswe:

- okubonisa uphuhliso kunye nohlahlelo kwinqanaba yengqesho;
- olunye uphuhliso kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo amanqanaba yase kanye kule ndawo, injongo - ukukhuthaza ukuqeshwa kwabo abemi abo basemngciphekweni ekugxothweni kwaye abafumana kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi;
- umbutho ukhokelo vocational, uqeqesho kunye nokuqeqeshwa ngokutsha abangaphangeliyo.

Lo msebenzi unocwangco kwaye yenziwa phantsi kweliso ngqo yegunya ezifanelekileyo federal, nto leyo iSebe of Employment. Yena phakathi amagunya akhe kudala kwanokukhangela inkonzo ndawo.

ISebe of Employment kufuneka:
- ithuba lokuyihlolisisa le meko kwiimarike zabasebenzi lwengingqi, kwaye siphuhlise neendlela amanyathelo ezijolise ekuthinteleni okanye ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi nokudilizwa yesininzi;
- ahlele umsebenzi kwirejista abangaphangeliyo kwaye kubanceda kwingqesho elizayo;
- ukuqesha ahlawule inzuzo ngqesho ebhalisiweyo abemi zabo;
- ukubonelela iziqinisekiso zikarhulumente kubemi;
- ahlele umsebenzi nabani na ongena umzimba lwengingqi nkqubo, ezifana urhulumente kamasipala zeSebe District of the SA yengqesho;
- ukungena kwizivumelwano kunye namaziko emfundo noqeqesho kumsebenzi we-abangaphangeliyo;
- ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini amancinane.

Ukuphucula outreach

imizimba Territorial iinkonzo zengqesho ezisebenzayo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo federal, nto leyo enika uncedo ukuqeshwa kwabemi. umsebenzi wabo iphambili kule nto ukuphungula ngezikhondo zamehlo zentlalo kwimimandla eRashiya. Le njongo kuyafikelelwa kunye uphuhliso iimarike yabasebenzi, leyo ukulingana ukuba iziphakamiso kwezithuba kunye nabasebenzi abangaphangeliyo, nokunyuswa kwezinga lemisebenzi njalo njalo. D. Ngaloo kukho ukuphucuka okuqhubekayo iindlela kunye iintlobo zomsebenzi nabantu.

Umzekelo, ingqesho yabemi eMoscow kunye nezinye izixeko uzama ukuthumela ukusebenza umzila abemi ezizimeleyo search umsebenzi, qhagamshelana ne-MNS. Ukuze benze oku, abasebenzi inkonzo kusebenzise oqhuba iqela ingcebiso incoko.

Ukongeza, ukuqeshwa kwabemi igalelo oluqhubekayo "imiboniso umsebenzi", "Iibhanki ukuphinda abaxhasi", "iiklabhu umsebenzi", kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi.