Ummandla wamandla omitha ngezandla zakho. Inkcazo kunye nokuseta kwesixhobo

Kwiisekethe zombane, ii-capacitors zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zisetyenzisiweyo. Okokuqala, bahluke kumandla. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe le parameter, iimitha ezizodwa zisetyenzisiweyo. Ezi zixhobo zingenziwa kunye noonxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo. Ukuguqulwa kwamhlanje kuyahluka ngokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo kwemilinganiselo. Ukuze wenze i-meter ye-capacitor meter, ufanele uzifundele izinto eziphambili zecebo.

Imitha isebenza njani?

Ukuguqulwa komgangatho kubandakanya umxube kunye ne-expander. Idatha yokuxhobisa i-capacitor isiphumo kwisiboniso. Ezinye izilungiso zisebenza ngokusekelwe kwisithinteli sokubuyisela. Iyakwazi ukusebenza kwiimpawu ezahlukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba olo lungiso alufanelekanga kwiintlobo ezininzi zamagunya.

Izixhobo ezichanekileyo

Ukwenza ukuchaneka kwe-ESR imitha ye-capacitor capacity, ungasebenzisa umxube we-adapter ngokwakho. Nangona kunjalo, i-expander isetyenziswa kakhulu. Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukukhetha oonxibelelwano kuwo kunye nabadlali ababini bee-semiconductors. Ngombane wokuphuma we-5 V, okwangoku akumele kudlule ii-2 A. Izihlomelo zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela imitha kwiindawo ezingasebenzi. Uhlengahlengiso kufuneka lwenziwe ngamaxesha ama-50 Hz. Umhloli kulo mzekelo kufuneka abonise ukuchasana okungaphezulu kwama-ohms ama-50. Abanye abantu baneengxaki ngokuqhuba i-cathode. Kule meko, buyisela umxube.

Inkcazo yemilinganiselo ephezulu yokuchaneka

Ngokwenza i-meter capacitor-measure measurement meter, ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuqhubekayo kwi-expander line. Ukugqithiswa ngokugqithisileyo kokuguqulwa kuxhomekeke ekuqhutyweni komnqongo. Iingcali ezininzi zicebisa ngomzekelo ukuba ukhethe i-dipolist transistor. Okokuqala, iyakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwelahleko zomoya. Kukwafanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izinto ezingeniswayo azifaneki. Umqhagamshelana nomitha angasebenzisa ukuqhuba okuphantsi.

Ukwenza i-meter ye-capacitor mitha, ufanele unakekele i-thyristor. Le nto ifanele isebenze kumbane ongaphantsi kwe-5 V. Ngendlela yokuqhuba i-microns ezingama-30, ukudibanisa kwezixhobo ezinjalo, njengommiselo, akudluli kwi-3 A. Iifayile zisetyenziswa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ukufakela emva kwesiguquli. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba isibonakaliso sinokudibaniswa kuphela kwiichweba zokuqhuba. Ukuhlawula imitha, ibhetri ye-3 W ifanelekile.

Indlela yokwenza umzekelo wechungechunge lwe-AVR?

Ukwenza imitha ye-capacitor meter ngezandla zakho i-AVR inokusekelwe kuphela kwi-transistor eguquguqukayo. Okokuqala, umnxibelelwano ukhethwe ukuguqulwa. Ukulungisa umzekelo, kufuneka ulinganise ngokukhawuleza umbane wokuphuma. Ukuchaswa kakubi kweemitha akufanele kudlule ii-oh ohms. Ngendlela yokuqhuba i-microns engama-40, ukugqithiswa kwezixhobo ku-4 A. Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokulinganisa okuphezulu, kusetshenziselwa ukuthelekisa.

Ezinye iingcali zincoma ukukhetha kuphela izihlungi ezivulekileyo. Abayikrakra ingxolo yomsindo nangona umthwalo ophezulu usebenza. Iimpawu zokuzinzisa ziye zafunwa kakhulu. Ukuguqulwa, kuphela iifayili zegridi azifanelekanga. Ngaphambi kokuvula ifowuni, ukuxhathisa kubalwa. Ngamamodeli afanelekileyo, eli pharamitha lingama-40 ohms. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwixesha lokuguqulwa.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso nokuqokelela imodeli ngokusekelwe kwi-PIC16F628A

Ukwenza imitha yesikhulu se-capacitor ngesandla kwi-PIC16F628A kunzima kakhulu. Okokuqala, i-transceiver evulekileyo ikhethwe kwindibano. Imodyuli ivumelekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo olulungelelaniswayo. Ezinye iingcali azicebisi ukufaka izihlunu eziphezulu zokuqhuba. Ngaphambi kokucoca umnqongo, umbane uphendwa.

Ukuba ukuchasene kukuphakamileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ithathe indawo yomtshintshi. Ukuze unqobe isandi esichukumisayo, kusetshenziselwa ukuthelekisa. I-stabilizers isenokusetyenziswa. Iziboniso zihlala zihlobo lobhaliweyo. Ukufakela kwiivenkile zamashishini. Ukuguqulwa kwenziwa nge-tester. Ngemilinganiselo yokuxhobisa i-capacity capacitor kufanelekile ukuba ithathe indawo yokuhambisa abaqhubi be-conductivity ephantsi.

Umzekelo we-capacrolytic capacitors

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokwenza i-capacitor meter electrolytic capacitors ngezandla zakho. Gcina imizekelo yaloo hlobo iyahlukaniswa ngumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi olutshintsho lwenziwe kwiimodyuli zoqhagamshelwano kwaye isebenze kumbane ongaphantsi kwama-40 V. Inkqubo yokukhusela abayisebenzisayo yinkalo yeRK.

Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimitha zolu hlobo zibonakaliswe ngurhafutshane. Iifayile ezisetyenziswayo ziphela nje, ziyakwazi ukujamelana nokuvakala kwengxolo, kunye nokuchithwa kwama-harmonic. Ukuba sithetha ngeziphene zohlengahlengiso, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba zineendlela eziphantsi. Zibonisa iziphumo ezimbi kwiimeko zokuphakama okukhulu. Iingcali zichaza ukungqinelani nabathengisi bamacingo. Izixhobo azikwazi ukusetyenziswa kwisiphaluka eseleyo.

Ukuguqulwa kwamacandelo okuxhoba

Amadivaysi abasebenzisi bee-capacitors zasemaphandleni ayahlukana ngovelwano oluncitshiswayo. Iimodeli ezininzi ziyakwazi ukusebenza ukusuka kubaqhagamshelana nabaqhagamshelana nabo. Izixhobo ziqhele ukusetyenziswa njengoluhlobo lwenguqu. Ukuze wenze utshintsho ngezandla zakho, kufuneka usebenzise i-transistor eguquguqukayo. Izihlungi zifakwe kwi-order order. Ukuvavanya imitha, sebenzisa kuqala i-capacitors encinci. Ngexesha elifanayo, umhloli urekhoda ukumelana nokuchasa. Ukuba ukuphambuka kudlula i-15%, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukusebenza komtshintshisi. Umbane owenziwe kuwo awufanele udlule kwi-15 V.

Izixhobo ze-2 V

Ku-2 V i-capacitor imitha yamandla yenza kube lula ngezandla zabo. Okokuqala, iingcali zincoma ukuba zilungiselele ukuguqulela okuvulekile kunye nokuqhuba okuphantsi. Kubalulekile ukhethe i-modulator enhle kuyo. Ukuqhathaniswa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ukunyanzeliswa. Inkqubo yokukhusela kwimizekelo emininzi isetyenziselwa uchungechunge lwe-KR kwiifayile zoluhlu lwegridi. Ukuze unqobe ukunyanzeliswa kwamagxininiso, i-stabilizers isetyenziswe. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba idilesi yokuguqula ithatha isicelo se-expander kubathintana abathathu. Ukuqwalasela umzekelo, kufuneka usebenzise umhloli woqhagamshelwano, kwaye ukumelana akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwama-ohms ama-50.

Ulungiso kwi-3 V

Ngokufakela imitha yesikhundla se-capacitor ngezandla zakho, ungasebenzisa i-adapter nge-expander. Umtshintshi ulungele ngakumbi ukukhetha uhlobo olumgca. Ngokomyinge, ukuqhuba kweemitha kufuneka kube ngu-4 μ. Kwakhona, ngaphambi kokuba ufake iifayile, kubalulekile ukukhiya umnxibelelwano. Ukuguqulwa amaninzi kufaka phakathi i-transceivers. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinto azikwazi ukusebenzisana nabasebenzi bezandla. Ipharamitha yokukhawulela yamandla kubo ilingana 4 pF. Inkqubo yokukhusela imodeli isetyenziswe kwiklasi ye-RK.

4 imizekelo

Ukuqokelela i-capacitor meter capacitance meter ngezandla zakho kuvunyelwe kuphela kubaguquleli abahambayo. Kwakhona kumzekelo oyifunayo umxhasi we-qualander kunye ne-adapter. Ukuba ngaba iingcali zithembeka, ngoko kulunge ngakumbi ukusebenzisa izihlunu njengoluhlobo lwenguqu. Ukuba sicinga ukuguqulwa kweemarike, ngoko banokusebenzisa ababini abakwandayo. Iimodeli zisebenza kwixesha elingaphezu kwe-45 Hz. Kule meko, uvelwano lwabo luhlala luguquka.

Ukuba udibanisa imitha elula, umnxibelelwano unokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwe-triode. It has conductivity low, kodwa iyakwazi ukusebenza kumthwalo ophezulu. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuguqulwa kufanele kufake izihlungi ezininzi zeepolisi eziza kuthobela ingqalelo kwii-harmonic oscillations.

Ukuguqulwa nge-one-junction reamer

Kulula kakhulu ukwenza umthamo wendawo yamandla-mandla ngesandla ngesiseko se-expander ehlangene. Okokuqala kukho konke kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe imodyuli kunye ne-conductivity ephantsi yokuguqulwa. Ipharamitha yokuqonda kufuneka ingabi ngaphezu kwe-4 mV. Ezinye iimodeli zinengxaki enkulu yokuqhuba. Abaguquleli baqhele ukusetyenziswa njengoluhlobo lomtsalane. Xa usebenzisa iifriji zegridi, i-thyristor ishushu.

Ukuze ugweme iingxaki ezinjalo, kucetyiswa ukufakela iifayile ezimbini kwi-adapter zegridi kanyekanye. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, kuphela umzululwazi uya kuhanjiswa. Ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa kokuguqulwa, ukuqiniswa kweziteshi zifakwe. Kukwafanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho iifowuni ezinezixhobo ezixhamlayo. Ziyakwazi ukuqhuba ngexesha lokungabikho kwama-Hz angama-50.

Iimodeli ezisekelwe kwandiswe kwindlela ezimbini: idibano kunye nokulungiswa

Fold kwi-width-junction yokwandisa i-digital meter capacitor capacitors ngezandla zabo kulula. Nangona kunjalo, abaguquleli abaguqukayo kuphela bafanelekile ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kokuguqulwa. Kukwafanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwibandla kuyimfuneko ukukhetha abalinganiswa beempembelelo.

Umboniso weso sixhobo ufanelwe uhlobo lomgca. Ichweba ingasetyenziselwa iindlela ezintathu. Ukuxazulula iingxaki ngokuphazamiseka kwiifayile ezisezantsi ezinobunene besetyenzisiweyo. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukulungiswa kufuneka kuqokelelwe kwi-diode stabilizers. Umzekelo ulungelelaniswa nokungatshatyalaliswa kwamanqaku angama-55.