Umlinganiselo isixa ulwazi

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala elithi "ulwazi" liye ocetywayo yi zobulumko zamandulo bevuthela ngathi informatio - ingcaciso, intetho, ulwazi. Noko ke, kwizangqa academic basaqhubeka mpikiswano eqhubekayo malunga inkcazelo kakhulu zichaneke zize zigqibelele zelizwi. Umzekelo, isazinzulu Klod Shennon, lowo wabeka iziseko kwithiyori lolwazi, iqwalasela ukuba ulwazi - ukuba yenziwa ukungaqiniseki isifundo kolwazi malunga nantoni na. Inkcazo elula "ulwazi" umsindo kangaka - liqondo kolwazi malunga into.

Ukuze kumiselwe ubuninzi lolwazi kufuneka bawuqhele zokuhlela kolwazi kula manyathelo. Kukho amanyathelo amathathu ulwazi: syntactic, lwesemantiki kunye nokunganyanzelisi nto. Makhe sihlolisise umlinganiselo nganye nganye:

1. A isenzo kwezivakalisi isebenza kunye data, musa zibonise ngokunxulumene lwesemantiki ukuya into. Eli nyathelo isebenza uhlobo eendaba, indlela intshumayelo kunye ukhowudo, ukudluliselwa kunye nesantya processing ulwazi.

Kulo mzekelo, emlinganisweni sisixa kweenkcukacha - isixa inkumbulo efunekayo ukugcina idata into. umthamo Ulwazi ilingana linani lamasuntswana yenkqubo lokubini ngu leyo ezinebhakhowudi unxibelelwano, kwaye ulinganiswa ziintanda.

Ukuze kumiselwe ubuninzi ulwazi syntactic, jonga ukuba ingqikelelo ye entropy - amanyathelo ukungaqiniseki kwinkqubo karhulumente - oko kukuthi, ulwazi lwethu malunga nemeko lweziqalelo zayo kunye nemeko yenkqubo xa iyonke. Ngoko ke imali ulwazi - inguqu kwinkqubo umlinganiselo ukungaqiniseki, ngoko kukho utshintsho (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha) entropy.

2. Umlinganiselo lwesemantiki izakusetyenziswa ukugqiba idata umxholo kwisemantiki kunye namaqabane elinediski parameters ulwazi lomsebenzisi kunye uyakwazi ukwenza umyalezo. Le nto iye ngokuba thesaurus umsebenzisi. Ngu thesaurus ukuqonda ibekwe ulwazi malunga into yokuba unalo nkqubo okanye umsebenzisi. Inani eliphezulu ulwazi ukusuka kwindawo yokucingela semantics isenokuba xa sonke isixa lwedatha kuyaqondakala ukuba umsebenzisi okanye inkqubo - oko ingasingathwa nge thesaurus ezikhoyo - kungoko yingcamango isalamane.

3. kokwenzekayo umlinganiselo ulwazi umlinganiselo ixabiso ulwazi ukuphumeza injongo ethile. Lo mbono ke lilinganiselwe kwaye inxulumene ngqo nomthamo kwenkqubo okanye umsebenzisi ukuba asebenzise imali ethile data kwindawo ethile exhalabisayo. Ngoko ke, uyacebiswa ukulinganisa ulwazi ukusuka kwindawo ebambekayo lwembono, kwi kwiiyunithi efanayo njengoko umsebenzi njongo.

Xa iimpawu esemgangathweni lolwazi ziquka ezi zikhombisi zilandelayo:

- representativeness - ukhetho oluchanekileyo kunye nokunikezelwa ulwazi lweempawu ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo into.

- enkulu - umlinganiselo ulwazi lwesemantiki kwi yokukala umthamo data siyenziwa.

- ukuphelela - ubukho kobuncincane obufunwa ukufikelela ulwazi injongo iposi khawlzileyo.

- Iinkqubo uphumezo ngokufumana nokuguqula umsebenzisi okanye inkqubo data - khona.

- Ukufaneleka - ngesidanga ulondolozo ixabiso ulwazi irisithi de ulungele ukuyisebenzisa.

- Ixesha - ukuhanjiswa kolwazi ngexesha elifunekayo.

- Ukuchaneka - indlela apho ulwazi imeko kanye le nto.

- Ukuthembeka - ukukwazi ze data ulwazi ibonisa-ndikhulile izinto kunye ngokuchaneka ekhankanyiweyo.

- impahla ulwazi evumela ukuba aphendule inguqu ixesha idatha yoqobo, lo gama kugcinwe ukuchaneka efunekayo - yeCSI.

Khumbula, ngcaciso ibaluleke kakhulu ngeli xesha, ngoko ke kufuneka ukwazi oko kangangoko kunokwenzeka!