"UMariya Poppins" Yabhalwa ngubani le nto? Travers, "UMariya Poppins." "UMariya Poppins" - ngumntu wasentsomini

lithathelwe elimangalisayo tale of Mary Poppins iphumelele iintliziyo izigidi zabantwana kuyo eSoviet Union, kodwa bambalwa uyazazi iinkcukacha malunga ncwadi malunga nombhali yayo. A lot of apha naphaya, yimveliso kunye copycats, nantso into efika umfanekiso kaMariya Poppins.

isishwankathelo

Tale iqala nendlela usapho Banks evuna iti kusasa etafileni kwaye iqala ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba kufuneka umntu oza kubagcina entsha. Le ndlu sele wasebenza okuninzi abongikazi, kodwa akukho namnye kubo ikwazile ukufumana ulwimi olufanayo ndawonye abantwana abahlala apha, ukuba uMikayeli, Andiswa kunye mawele noYohane noBarbara. Yaye kanye lo mzuzu umbhali kaMariya Poppins okokuqala livela kumaphepha a sentsomi. Le ntombazana abanamandla kanye amelwe amalungu osapho kunye wathi nomncedisi ongumSuthu yabo entsha.

UMariya Poppins

Kodwa akukho ilungu lentsapho musa ukuqonda indlela kwakukho eli nenekazi liselula kweli khaya Banks. Omnye ufumana kucingwa ukuba wavela okanye emoyeni okanye phantsi evela ezulwini ngoncedo ukuhamba-intonga yakhe iambrela, nto leyo esoloko ezandleni zakhe. Banks esinjengaso ukuze amalungu entsapho, kuba uYesu ukuba Miss Perfect, apho kuba akukho ziphene ngaphandle omnye - uthanda ukubukela ukubonakaliswa yakho kwiifestile zevenkile. Kodwa nokuba kunganzima ukuba ngokuba nokubi, ababewunikiwe uyathandeka Mary Poppins.

Umbhali uchaza nanny amatsha entsapho ngqongqo kwaye onzima, kodwa abantwana bonwabe kakhulu kuyo, ngenxa yokuba uyayiqonda yaye lula ukufumana ulwimi eqhelekileyo kunye nabo. Oku kubonisa ukuba abafundi namaqhinga, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, ukunika amayeza, nto leyo ngqo kwi amacephe iba ice cream, Ulokhwela elihamba wakunyelisa phezulu, undoes kwamaqhosha amagwegwe iimpahla zabantwana, nje ngokumjonga nje.

Kutheni nanny kuba abantwana uthando

Nanny ziyathabatheka kuphela abantwana, izilwanyana kunye eqingqiweyo wakufumanisa emangalisayo. It sazisa iiwadi kunye inkwenkwe kunye eku xhulumaneni, ogama oqingqiweyo lowo park wesixeko kunye bafunde malunga iinkcukacha yobomi inja iyadinga, kwaye enye izinja ekuhlaleni, konke oku uyakwazi kaMariya Poppins. Tale ichaza nje umongikazi elungileyo, akanayo nesimilo esihle kwaye ufundisa abantwana efanayo.

Kanye unesi iintsomi lenene, yena wenza izinto zobugqi. Akubalulekanga nje isambuleli, leyo yena usoloko uhamba naye, kodwa ibhegi enkulu ikhaphethi apho kukho iindidi ngeendidi zezinto, maxa wambi ezinjalo, ukuba eneneni baya isebenze engxoweni kule ubukhulu. Ngamafutshane, u ta va u nanny enkulu, kungcono sicinge oko. Yena - intsomi ngokwenene, kodwa hayi eqhelekileyo, eyona nto yayo - abantwana, leyo yena ucinga kwaye angaza uncedo zabo, kwiimeko ezininzi engalindelekanga.

UMariya Poppins neewadi zakhe

Mary Poppins umbhali ivumela ukuba umfundi athelekelele apho kwafika eli nanny omlingo. Xa abafundi uMichael Jane wabuza naye malunga ixesha kangakanani nabo, yena uya kuhlala, benza umlingo ithi ukuba sixhomekeke emoyeni, kuba ngoncedo yayo isiwe ukusuka usapho olunye ukuya kolunye. Nomntwana ubonisa abafundi zabo imiqondiso emininzi, kodwa, Isimanga, le magic umdla kuphela abantwana, abantu abadala bakufumanisa ingathi yimimangaliso. Mary Poppins uxelela abadlali bakhe ngale nto yenzekayo kwi ezu ebusuku, indlu, apho ubomi abantwana, eboniswe kwisitya imveliso yephondo, kwaye ibonisa oko kubo.

Uxelela abantwana, njengasezulwini, kubonakala iinkwenkwezi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, yena libhekisela ngefoyile ye sprocket encinane ezenza uJane Michael, uze uyincamathelise esibhakabhakeni. Abantwana zizele uvuyo, bezifumana kwihlabathi zobugqi, ngumntu wasentsomini, ezele umlingo kunye nemiqondiso, nto leyo efuna ukuba nawuphi na umntwana. Bakhathazeke kuphela malunga yokuba xa ziba abantu abadala, baya ukulibala konke okwenzekileyo kubo. Amaxesha amaninzi abantu abadala ndiyilibale into eyenzeka kubo ebuntwaneni, kodwa bonke abantwana Siyathemba ukuba iintliziyo zabo ziya kusoloko kuba oza kubagcina phambili ehlabathini - Mary Poppins.

Ngubani owabhala le bali

Umbhali kule ncwadi, proshumevshey ihlabathi liphela oluphucukileyo, waba ngumbhali odumileyo IsiNgesi uPamela Travers. Biography umfazi, banika ihlabathi nanny-imihlola, njengoko kungakholeleki nanjengoko ubomi ngokwayo, noMariya Poppins. On Heroine wakhe yena mbhali wathi kunzima ukuba bathi elijikajikayo omnye wabo kunye nengcamango yokuba kokudala lo mlinganiswa kakhulu elide lwehla enkqayini yakhe weza, yaye ekugqibeleni ibe ngumntu wasentsomini, ngoku eyaziwa umntwana yonke.

biography

Kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukuseka iinkcukacha ubomi bakhe buqu, njengoko ufana nje uMariya Poppins, omninzi namaphupho, uthetha ubomi bakhe. Igama yokwenene umbhali uHelen Lyndon Goff, yaye yena wazalwa eOstreliya, Agasti 9, 1899. Abazali bakhe abafudukela British. Umbhali elizayo kaMariya Poppins ukususela ebuntwaneni awayezithanda iincwadi, ekufundeni ukufunda eneminyaka iminyaka emithathu.

Xa Lindy omncinane wayeneminyaka esixhenxe ubudala, uyise wafa kunye nomama wakhe kwanyanzeleka ukuba kwi nomzala wakhe. Wahlela ukuba intombazana ebhodini, apho inqununu wamvumela ukuba ufunde nantoni na ayifunayo, kwaye inxaxheba edlalwa esikolweni. Sele eneminyaka eyi-16 kwakufuneka ukuze bafumane umsebenzi kuba usapho kufuneka imali. Kuye ube stenographer, kodwa waqhubeka esiya kuzo zonke imidlalo Sydney, nangoku baphupha ukuba ngumdlali weqonga. Kamva ke wangena iqela yeqonga waza wagqiba ekubeni athabathe elabo, uPamela Travers.

UMariya Poppins kunye ibali lakhe sele zinokubonakala ngenye. Kungekudala emva kokuba wafumana bencoma yakhe yokuqala eqongeni, waqalisa ukubhala imibongo kunye namanqaku amaphephancwadi ezahlukeneyo. Ngowe-1924, wayesele wenza isithembiso ukuya eNgilani njengoko othile.

Umfanekiso umongikazi-imihlola

Nantsi indlela uMariya Poppins. Ngubani owabhala lo msebenzi, makwazeke abaninzi, kodwa phantse ulwazi luzingomb kwimbali yeli ngantsomi. impembelelo Special kweli xesha, umbhali nentsomi yaba imbongi George Russell, ngubani kanye uPamela, wayekholelwa kubukho izidalwa ezahlukahlukeneyo zobugqi kunye zemimoya. Wasifundisa ukuba iindidi ezintsha, wamxelela malunga Celtic neentsomi, wazisa iimfundiso ezithandwayo wasempuma, Buddhism kunye ubuHindu. Watshayelela umbhali elizayo kunye nenye nembongi ebalaseleyo - uWilliam Yeats, ngubani negalelo ekuveleni umfanekiso kaMariya Poppins.

Umbhali yencwadi malunga adventures nanny-imihlola waqala ukudala umfanekiso wakhe kunye namabali abaye baphumelela abafundi, kodwa wagqiba ukuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa ibali kaMariya Poppins. Uqhuba ukusebenza kucholacholo lweendaba, nokuba watyelela eRashiya, nto leyo ethi "Ukhenketho eMoscow" output, nto leyo ukomeleza ngabasemagunyeni yiSoviet.

Kungekudala ndawonye zonke izinto zayo, ezibe amabali ngoMariya Poppins, bahlanganisa bonke amabali kule ncwadi, epapashwa eUnited States, ngokuba imarike kubekho ebanzi ngaphezu eNgilani. Le ncwadi ngeyona yimpumelelo, kwaye emva kokuba onke khumbula igama P. Travers. UMariya Poppins uye yaziwe ehlabathini lonke. Noko ke, umbhali badumele ukuba incwadi yakhe igqalwa nto ngaphezu iintsomi.

Le baphumelele uPamela, ninganciphi umsebenzi wakhe onzima, yaye wahlabela mgama ukusebenza yintatheli kunye nohlaziyo nokubhala. Ngowe-1935 wayishiya ubomi umhlobo wakhe umxhasi - Dzhordzh Rassel. Ke akukho bani ukwabelana uhambo yabo imihlaba lwemilingo. Kodwa yena waba nethamsanqa ngo-1938 ukuya kuhlangana Georgiem Gurdzhievym, lo Theosophist odumileyo, owayengomnye wabaseki intshukumo abanazo "New Age." Ukhokelwa ukuqhelana nomntu yayigqalwa ngumbhali kuphela ukuvelela kuba kabini masela. Wayengenguye nje eyayithandwa, kodwa benza bengqungqa kunjalo bangezi uPamela.

Abantwana kubomi Pamela

Kodwa ke umbhali yamabali malunga nesi-imihlola akwanelanga ukuba wayemthanda ubuntu bakhe uMariya Poppins. Ngubani wabhala kakhulu ngabantwana, kufuneka ngokwenene abathande - oku kuyinyaniso ukuba uPamela. Ekubeni yena sele engama-40 ubudala yaye nangoku zange utshatile, wagqiba ekubeni athabathe umntwana ongengowakho.

Baba mfana wayegula ogama Camillus, oko wagqiba ukuvula imfihlelo imvelaphi yayo kwaye wandichazela ukuba ngumama wakhe. Le meko yaba nzima ngakumbi xa Camillus wadibana umzalwana wakhe, waza wafumanisa ukuba alufumanayo. Baqhubeka ukuhlala kunye, kodwa Camillus akazange ukuphatha ukuze uphumelele ebomini, akazange afumane imfundo kwaye ayikwazanga ukufumana umsebenzi olungileyo.

Iholo

Ngowe-1959, le sele ngaphandle Pamela utyikitye isivumelwano Walt Disney nge-100 lamawaka. ZeePonti evela kwintengiso copyright kwi uMariya Poppins. Yabhalwa ngubani ngantsomi, ngoku baya kwazi abafundi nje kuphela kodwa nabathandi iikhathuni.

lobudala umbhali kwaba kuhle cwaka. Uye ezifundiswa Harvard ne Northampton, awayezithanda Ukucamngca kunye nesifundo obuBhuda Japan. Ukuba ngaphambili kwaba nje wayengumlandeli amadoda amakhulu, ngoku iye yaba guru abanye. Pamela baba ngakumbi nangakumbi zivaliwe kwaye amathuba okuba ukunxibelelana nabantu. Udlulile Aprili 23, 1996.

Heroine Mary Poppins kunceda umntwana ngamnye va umlingo kunye magic kwehlabathi. Wazama ukwenza kucace ukuba umntwana kunye abadala kufuneka ungalibali malunga ubukho umlingo ehlabathini nokuqhubeka ukukholelwa kuyo nanini na ubudala.