Ukuthengiswa kotywala ukuya kwiminyaka 21: komthetho oyilwayo. Le ukuvalwa ukuthengiswa kotywala ukuya kwiminyaka 21

Ngubani na weva malunga nokuphunyezwa kwe ukuthintelwa ezinxilisayo iziselo ukuba abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala, kwakunye nezithintelo zexesha?! Ndicinga ukuba abantu abaninzi banolwazi kolu xwebhu, kodwa wonk 'ayixhase. Ngaxeshanye kufuneka sivume ukuba umthetho unembinana nje kuphela nefuthe elihle kuluntu. Yokuthengisa utywala ukusuka 21: intsomi okanye leyinene? Makhe sithethe ikamva lo oyilwayo zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Isindululo elingangenisa iBhili entsha

ukuwa ophelileyo, isekela Drozdenko ecetywayo iKhabhinethi ukuba kuyilwe umthetho oyilwayo omtsha owawuza kuthintela ukuphumeza iimveliso ezinxilisayo kubantu ezithe bengekafiki engama-21 ubudala. Lo mmiselo kuye kwabangela isiphithiphithi ezahlukeneyo iimvakalelo eluntwini. Abanye bathi ukuvalwa onjalo akayi kuzisa iingenelo. Abanye bathi nokuthengiswa kotywala yiminyaka 21 - sisigqibo kakuhle liqinisekile, kuba ingqondo yomntu ukhandwa kwiminyaka ukuya ku-25.

ban utywala kwamanye amazwe

Kwilizwe ngalinye, ngokupheleleyo zengqondo ezahlukileyo utywala. Namhlanje eRashiya kukho umthetho othintela ukuphumeza utywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka esemthethweni. Kulo nyaka urhulumente uceba elingangenisa iBhili kwi yokuthengiswa kotywala ukuya kwiminyaka-21. Nangona Ndiwisa kuphela kuxutyushwayo, makhe sihlolisise le ukuvalwa utywala kwamanye amazwe. Umzekelo, e Morocco, Portugal, Italy, Georgia kunye Government of Austria uvumelekile ukuba athengise ulwelo utywala ukusukela kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu. Kakhulu kakhulu ukusuka iziselo strong in India. Apho, kuxhomekeke kurhulumente, ukuthengisa utywala kubantu phakathi kwe-18 ne-25. Kuzo zonke ezinye amazwe, iziselo ezinxilisayo ukuphumeza ngokukhululekileyo abantu abadala. Oyilwayo esivumela intengiso ezinxilisayo iziselo kuzo azikho kwaukubakho.

Miqobo utywala, umzekelo, e-Equatorial Guinea - nesalathisi kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kumazwe kunye pesenti iphezulu yokusela phakathi kwabantu abatsha. An into umdla kukuba amanye amagunya utywala wavalwa ngokupheleleyo. Ezi ziquka Libya, Gambia kunye Brunei.

Yurophu Melika

Ngoko ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba ukuxhomekeka etywaleni uthwele Russia nje kuphela, kodwa iYurophu eMelika. Bill yokuthengisa utywala malunga engama-21, urhulumente US ukholelwa - kukho olukhulu ukunciphisa kakhulu ipesenti imimoya zixhomekeke. Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba abantu zikwimeko kunxilwe ezinxilisayo, basoloko nxaxheba kwiingozi zendlela, imililo kunye nezinye iziganeko ezininzi ubomi engozini.

Kwi-US, ukuze kuphunyezwe utywala kumntu othe bengekafiki kwiminyaka engama-21, umthengisi ukuze ufumane kakhulu ixesha elide entolongweni. Umthengi efanayo kakhulu osemncinci wawulahla-mvume lokuqhuba, ahlawule isohlwayo, ukuba ezijolise inkonzo yoluntu okanye ifakwe emva imivalo iinyanga eziliqela. Akukho ngaphantsi sinamathele ezinxulumene notywala kwaSirayeli, Switzerland kunye Estonia. Kukho nabathengisi abathengisa utywala senze Ungaya entolongweni iinyanga ezintandathu, unyaka omnye okanye iminyaka emithandathu. On kumthengi minor sikhutshiwe elihle kakhulu, nto leyo kwiimeko ezininzi zigutyungelwe ngabazali.

izinto ezimbi lo oyilwayo

Kuthengiswa utywala malunga 21 neminyaka eRashiya, njengokuba iphakamiswe nguRhulumente Duma, kufuneka ukunciphisa izinga lokusela phakathi kwentsha. Kodwa ke, abaninzi bathi ukuba ayenzi ukugcina imeko kweli lizwe. Khumbula ukuba ipesenti abafana asele utywala kwandisa ngonyaka ngamnye kuphela. Namhlanje, ubudala umndilili abantwana abaye kuthenga iziselo ezinamandla - eyi-14!

A lot of abemi Federation asinguwe oyithweleyo bill. Bathi ukuba kuthengiswa utywala ukuya kwiminyaka-21 eRashiya isekude ukwanda yokuthengisa utywala ngokwesivumelwano. Isisombululo ilungileyo, ngokutsho abo ukuxhasa lo oyilwayo, ukuba akhuliswe efanelekileyo komntwana, lowo uya kuyixabisa indlela yokuphila esempilweni, hayi utywala.

Ummiselo ngokuvala le ukuthengiswa kotywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 kweli eCrimea

Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo entsha ebangele eninzi iimvakalelo eluntwini. ECrimea, ngokubonakalayo wathetha kunokwenzeka umlomo yokuthengiswa kotywala ukuya kwiminyaka-21. Amandla eli lizwe yabamba ubunzima uluvo zoluntu ukufumana phandle indlela abantu baxoxa lo mthetho uyilwayo. abahlali Peninsula indlebe phakathi kweminyaka engama-21 ukuya kuma-40 ubudala. Lokuvusa kweminyaka baye bavotela 79% abantu abahlala kuzo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula akazange ukuba ezinye awuzukuxhasa uxwebhu ndasigqala ngamampunge. Bathi ekukhuliseni umqobo yobudala nesiyatha njengoko umntu omdala zivumelekile ukuba batshate, ukuqhuba imoto, yiya umkhosi, kwakunye nomsebenzi. Ngokutsho kwabo, ukuba avumele umntu yonke into ngaphandle utywala, ubuncinane engaqhelekanga.

izibalo

Le ukuvalwa ukuthengiswa kotywala ukuya kwiminyaka 21 yabangela eninzi impikiswano, kungekuphela nje ekuhlaleni kodwa phakathi masekela. Ukunika inkxaso oyilwayo wenza ingxelo Sergey Yurevich Belyakov. Ecacileyo, ukuba wenziwe manani. It is a intetho ukuba kweminyaka American malunga nokuthengiswa kotywala sehlile ngo-1970 ukusuka ku-21 ukuya 18 Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni ukwanda kwenani zengozi eziquka abantu beyotyiwe. Ngenxa yoko, emva kweminyaka eli-18 yobudala owavuswayo.

Zihlolwe America wabonisa ukuba ukuvala ukuthengiswa kotywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 kuye kwanciphisa inani lamaxhoba zengozi eziquka abantu abanxilileyo abantu 900 ngonyaka ngamnye.

Rospotrebnadzor kunye Elena Mizulina yomthetho

Wayezixhasa lo oyilwayo kunye Rospotrebnadzor. Kweli sebe bakholelwa ukuba kuthengiswa utywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 ngokubonakalayo kwandisa izinga lokufa. Ngokutsho izibalo zabo, nyaka ngamnye ukususela ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo utywala ubulala abangama-500,000 abantu eRashiya. Kwakhona wagxininisa ukuba ukuxhomekeka etywaleni uthwele-30 ekhulwini labemi inkunzi-20% ababhinqileyo.

Head of the Committee Family Elena Mizulina wathetha egameni le projekthi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ukuthengiswa kotywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 - akulunganga. Yena ugxininisa ukuba abadala kuphela ngaphezu koko umntu unako ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi yaye ukucinga ngemiphumo yezenzo zabo.

Anatoly Aksakov

Head of for Economic Policy Anatoly Aksakov iSebe kwakhona wavakalisa uluvo lwakhe ngokumalunga nokuthengiswa kotywala engama-21. Ngokungafaniyo amagosa edlulileyo, ayithethi ukuxhasa lo mthetho uyilwayo. Ngokwembono yakhe, umthetho bekuya kuba iyaphikisana enye. Anatoly uthi: ukuba oyilwayo iye ekugqibeleni kuza ukusebenza, kuya kuba nzima ukuba sijonge phandle ukuba ngokuba minor uhlobo lomntu. Uthi, kwelinye icala, abemi kwiminyaka 18 esele utshatile kwaye ibe noxanduva emkhosini, kwelinye icala - yena, njengentloko intsapho, mhlawumbi, utata oselula, unelungelo kuthenga utywala.

Ukugxekwa eceleni Belyakova

Head of Research Centre of imarike utywala i Vadim Drobiz ugxeke ingxelo Belyakov. Ukholelwa ukuba oku yintsomi. Ukuthengiswa kotywala engama-21 akayi ukuphucula le meko, kodwa kuphela kuya kukhokelela ukuguqula namaxwebhu abantwana, ndiya kunikhweletisa kwakhula kurhwebo ngokufihlakeleyo. Ngokwembono yakhe, benze umfanekiso ocacileyo ngakumbi ikamva lo oyilwayo. Drobiz ukholelwa ukuba elinesibhozo - incopho yobudala phakathi kwabantu abatsha uzame utywala. Ubonisa ukuthi kwiminyaka ukuya ku-21, abantu abatsha rasprobuet indyebo utywala kwaye uhlale phantsi, nokuqaphela echaphazela ngayo umzimba.

Vadim Drobiz ikwanikezela bill othintela ngqo ukusela utywala ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwi-18. Ngokwaphula yesohlwayo, yena iceba ukuqesha elivisayo imisebenzi yoluntu, yaye waphinda nganye iqhutywa kwisikhululo samapolisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala ukunyusa inani labo. Vadim ukholelwa ukuba lo oyilwayo kuphela kuya kunceda abantu abaselula, kodwa ngenxa lizwe isohlwayo, nto leyo iyakhutshwa abantu abaselula ngenkuthalo ukuhlawula abazali babo. Endaweni yoko, abaphuli-mthetho abasebatsha musani ungazenzeli naziphi na izigqibo.

umbono wezifo zengqondo

Owayesakuba narcologist oyintloko Russia Alexei Nadezhdin kwakhona wavakalisa uluvo lwakhe malunga oyilwayo, leyo kusalinde. Enyina kuthengiswa utywala malunga engama-21, ngokwembono yakhe, kulula kakhulu ngumbono olungileyo. Wacebisa ukuba advance kaRhulumente yonke sokwazi nokuqonda - nokuba umthetho onjalo uya kuzisa iingenelo? Njengoko lo oyilwayo plus it inika iinkcukacha-manani, apho ubudala izigulane butywala luqala kwiminyaka eli-17.

Ministry of Health of oyilwayo

Ichazwe yesiqalo sayo imbono kunye neSebe lezeMpilo. Ofisi ixhasa oyilwayo ize ithi yokukhula Ungeno yahluka kunyaka ngamnye. ubomi iminyaka elikhulu elinamanci eyadlulayo, elinesibhozo ummi unexesha nentsapho yaye uzimele ngokupheleleyo evela kubazali babo. Namhlanje, lo mfana - nkqu umntwana akakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo. Izazinzulu ziye zabonisa ukuba kwiminyaka 21 ayakhekanga ngokupheleleyo, hayi ubude kuphela kodwa ingqondo yakhe, ngaloo ndlela inyusa iminyaka yokuthengisa utywala - kakhulu inyathelo ngabom.

Isixa-mali isohlwayo

Namhlanje, umthetho osebenza Russian Federation. It uyakuthintela ukusebenzisa utywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Inhlawulo kunyaka ophelileyo anda phindene kalishumi. Namhlanje, umthengisi lowo wathengisa utywala kuwo umntwana, uya kuhlawuliswa 150-200 amawaka engange, kwaye umthengi entsha - ukuba malunga ne30-50 amawaka. Xa ndandikwishumi elivisayo ubanjwe ukuba ukusela utywala kwindawo yoluntu, ngoko ke abazali kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule isixa zesohlwayo 1.5 ukuya amawaka 2. Engange. Oku kusebenza imbonakalo ekuhlaleni teen ukwimeko kunxilwe. Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo entsha iquka ukunyusa umlinganiselo fayini. ukuba ukuthengiswa kotywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala uya kohlwaywa isohlwayo semali nje kuphela, kodwa ixesha entolongweni iminyaka emibini ukuya kwezintandathu.

Injongo ukusungulwa

Lo mthetho, nto leyo kusalindwe, nifanele asichaphazeli nje ulutsha, kodwa kuluntu lonke. Ngokutsho kuRhulumente, ukuthengisa utywala malunga 21 neminyaka ukunceda ukunciphisa inani lezigulane kunye butywala phakathi elivisayo, kwakunye ubagcine kuyo izenzo abagulayo-ingqalelo kwaye zisongele neengozi yobomi.

Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba uninzi abakhulelweyo engacwangciswanga phakathi olufikisayo kuvela kweempembelelo zotywala. Izazinzulu ababonise ukuba abantwana abazelwe ngabazali omnye anxile, amaxesha amathandathu ngaphandle kwekhulu bazalwa abanala makhwiniba kunye nezifo. Ukuba bobabini abazali ukwimeko onxilileyo, umlinganiselo liphuma kumatyala ikhulu elinamanci asibhozo. Ukuphakamisa iminyaka yokuthengisa utywala ukuya kwiminyaka 21 kuya kunciphisa ipesenti ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo phakathi amantombazana elivisayo.

ngenxa

Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo, ephantsi ingqalelo kwaye ibandakanya umlomo yokuthengiswa kotywala kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala, kukho ezininzi positives. Noko ke, urhulumente iphumelele zonke iinjongo kuyo, kufuneka ukuba bahlawule imali eninzi kuphando. Makhe ithemba ukuba umthetho onjalo abe nempembelelo entle kuluntu. Musa kakubi utywala kwaye uhlale usempilweni!