Epitaph - it ... ilitye epitaph kwi lesikhumbuzo endodeni yakhe, uyise, uyisemkhulu

Le mibhalo phezu amangcwaba waba irhafu wesintu kwabafileyo zizalamane zabo. Kodwa ke akusoloko. Xa epitaph wamandulo engcwabeni banikwe ingcaciso ngubani wangcwatyelwa engcwabeni, yaye ngubani ebomini umntu ofileyo.

Ukuvela kwe epitaph

Nangona igama elithi "epitaph" liye iingcambu Greek ( "EPI" - phezu "tafos" - engcwabeni), ubugcisa eqingqiweyo phezu amangcwaba igama umfi yaziwe abemi baseYiputa yamandulo neBhabhiloni, kwaye amaYuda amandulo.

Sarcophagi eyafunyanwa namangcwaba eYiputa mandulo, athwale ulwazi malunga ngabantu langutana wangcwatyelwa kubo, ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kohambo kunye negama beentlondi zabo ebomini. Kwakhona, ukuba ngaba kufuneka ibhekiswe isibakala le nto kwaye obhubhileyo njani wafa, kwaye ziqulathe isilumkiso malunga ngokufa kwabo kumphazamisa uthuthu zakhe.

Imifanekiso kunye eyayimela ematyeni namangcwaba ilitye, kunganxulunyaniswa ingqikelelo epitaphs, nangona umbhali yokuqala 'sisikhumbuzo' lo hlobo uthathwa ukuba Kegosskogo Simonides, ngubani immortalized feat emfazweni yamaGrike nxamnye namaPersi, ebhala ngale elegy. "Owasasaza, nathi sake kwakubhalwa emanzini eKorinte. Kodwa ngoku sinezisele ... eSalami; Apha waphumelela amaPersi ..., ndayihlangula umhlaba kubukhoboka Greece ... ". Ekuqaleni epitaph - a intse- yomngcwabo, nto leyo libizwa ngomhla yonyaka sisikhumbuzo enikelwe balombutho. Ngexesha le ntetho, ezidweliswe sokuthimba amaGrike, owafela kwinkululeko kwilizwe lawo.

Emva koko, kwakukho i epitaph kwivesi, apho libizwa zokungcwaba nganye njengophawu lwentlonipho lo ungasekhoyo izihlobo zakhe lusizi.

epitaph Development njenge uhlobo soncwadi

Ebudeni bamaXesha Aphakathi eYurophu, enkosi ubuKristu, ukungcwatywa waba uhlobo yehlelo, ngexesha apho umphefumlo umfi ayalungiselelwa ukuba inguqu ukusuka ubomi ekufeni, kunye epitaph kwi ingcwaba baqalisa ukunxiba uhlobo yonqulo okanye bulumko.

neembongi ezininzi Renaissance wabhala imibongo kule uhlobo ngenxa basebukhosini ufile. Kwakukho amangcwaba, crypts ngamazwi immortalized ahlukane nabo. I Medici amangcwaba odumileyo kunye wabe, ezihonjiswe eqingqiweyo yi kaMichelangelo, yaye namhlanje hit ubungangamela bayo.

Amagama iinjengele ezinkulu abalawuli kunye nazo ekhanknywe kuloo lengcwaba. Ngokomzekelo, xa kwingcwaba Tamerlane e Samarkand yaba othi, "Ukuba Mna ke bendifudula ndiphilile, bekuya kuba iyamangalisa." Eli binzana short wadlulisela amandla kunye namandla oluntu, apho, xa ubomi woyisa Golden anayo yaye yaphumelela kakhulu kumazwe.

Epitaph sikarhulumente Russian

ERashiya, epitaphs yokuqala asusela ngenkulungwane ye-13, igama xa amangcwaba ababhalela kamfi, uhlobo lomsebenzi kunye nengxelo evela iVangeli. Kamva, ngenkulungwane ye-16, izinhanha wabayalela iimbongi izibongo engcwabeni. Ngoko ke, lo epitaph - uhlobo zoncwadi entsha, nto leyo iba umbhali ethile.

Umzekelo, lengcwaba lengcwaba ivesi imbongi Batiushkov lifutshane kangangoko: "! Andifuni iilebhile namatye yam, xelela nje apha ke, ayibikho, Ingabi sazana"

Kamva, ukubhala epitaphs yaba ishishini elinemali, waza waqalisa ukubhala kumaKanan kunye abakumgangatho ophakathi, abo ukuqonda kangako ntlobo zoncwadi. Ukuba wasinda, inxenye yabo, kwaye imixholo yazo, kunokuba mnandi ngakumbi lusizi: ". Ngubani usinike ukuzalwa, ukuba oku yakhiwe" Le isihloko ushiye unyana noyise emva kwexesha.

epitaph lwangoku

Namhlanje epitaph - inkcaza emfutshane esa usapho buhlungu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo. yokubhala kwakhe elaa litye okanye zibhalwe obituary kwiphephandaba. Oku kuvela imibongo neembongi lwala maxesha kunye bards, ukususela eshukumayo amabinzana, amazwi abantu abaziwayo.

Njengoko uhlobo zokubhala epitaph phantse zayeka ukubakhona kwi eSoviet Union. Elingathathwanga phezu kwamangcwaba amalungu Communist Party ushiya umgca, ngaphandle amagama, igama patronymic.

Ukubuyela kule epitaph senziwa kwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba unqulo bebandla kwakhona ifumaneke ebantwini. Kwi izalamane ilitye badlule abantu malunga buhlungu bakhe kunye nosizi ngaphezu kokufa komntu esimthandayo kubo:

"De intlungu kwabonakala kwekhulu emfutshane,

Kodwa memory njalo wena kunye nathi,

Ozithandayo, abantu bethu abathandekayo.

iintlungu zethu, asiyi kuvakalisa amagama "

epitaph unina

Ukulahlekelwa close omthandayo abafumana ngamnye ngendlela yabo. Enye nembonakalo imbandezelo kukho nombhalo ilitye.

Xa umama esweleka, abantwana ahlawule irhafu ukuya yokumthanda kwakhe, usebenzisa epitaph kwi lesikhumbuzo kunina. Kunokuba umbongo, umthandazo, okanye ingxelo emfutshane: "Siza kuwe ukuba bamphathele. Kunzima kakhulu ngaphandle kwakho, thina, sithandwa sam, ukuze aphile. "

Ukusebenzisa epitaph, abantu ukudlulisela ihlabathi ukuba zinkulu intlungu yabo yokulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo. Ukubuya uhlobo ivumela ukuba babelane intlungu lwabo nabanye. Umntu ohamba nge emangcwabeni, unako ukuqikelela ixabiso bentlungu intlungu ukuba ushiye abantwana eluhlobo i epitaph kwi lesikhumbuzo kunina. Uvelwano yamashwa zabanye inceda abantu ukuba ngokwemigaqo nokulahlekelwa ngabo.

indoda epitaph

Nje kalusizi umondli kunye noyise, ngoko nalapha ngaphakatyhi iyafumaneka phezu kwamangcwaba kwabafileyo indoda amadoda epitaph umfazi wakhe. Zizele bentlungu nosizi, singabalula abafazi, baye balahlekelwa amadoda abo yothando, Ethundezwa ukulahlekelwa:

"Sula iinyembezi neentloko waqubuda.

Apha kukho indoda enothando.

Yena imihla bakhe basemhlabeni -

nguTata olungileyo umhlobo olungileyo. "

amabinzana omfutshane elaa abezingcwalisile indoda ongasekhoyo, ukuze ukudlulisela ubunzulu kangangoko intlungu yabafazi, kwakunye nemibongo, "Ndiyakuthanda, ndinebhongo ngani, njalo kwinkumbulo wam uyaphila."

Ukuba umntu wafa ebudaleni, lo epitaph ingabonwa wakukhankanya njengokuba noyise utatomkhulu, "Thabatha ukuba isipho sokugqibela emhlabeni, umyeni, uyise elungileyo kunye notatomkhulu onothando ekhaya."

Epitaph njengoko epigram

Nangona ukufelwa ngumntu omthandayo - le ntlekele inkulu, baninzi abantu ekufeni yakhe iphathwa kunye izinto ezihlekisayo nokugxekwa. Kukho iimeko xa epitaph yayisetyenziswa njengendawo intengiso okanye inkonzo endaweni uthando: "Apha kukho Ester Rayt, njengoko iNkosi imbizileyo ulowo kuye. Umyeni wakhe Babebuhlungu Tomas Rayt, lo stonemason best Melika, ngezandla zakhe wenza mbhalo kwaye ukulungele ukwenza okufanayo kuwe $ 250. " Uzisole ilahleko abanye babe uhlobo subtext, leyo slips "umona" ngabantu ababhubhileyo: ". Wayephila ekukhanyeni engama-82 ubudala, iinyanga ezi-6, iintsuku 4 ngaphandle ikhefu"

Kumazwe ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana epitaph nokuba enoburharha okanye ntwana. Ngokomzekelo, njengokuba bonisa uburharha abamnyama baseMexico: "Nantsi uphumle Pancrazio Huvenalis. Yena nomyeni engumzekelo, utata elungileyo kunye kwezombane embi. "

Iyaziwa ngexesha Lukretsiya Bordzhiya, lowo, intombi ka-Alexander 6, waba nolwalamano olusondeleyo noyise wakhe kunye nomntakwabo, kuba iye immortalized kwi epitaph "Apha kukho Lukretsiya Bordzhiya -. Intombi, umfazi kunye nentombi ka-Alexander 6, upapa"

greats Epitaph

Ayizizo zonke nosaziwayo ehlonitshwa epitaph endilisekileyo, nangona kukho abo ngokwabo, imbonakalo ukubhala, eyaba kamva ezinamaphiko.

Ngokomzekelo, xa ingcwaba Winston Churchill kaThixo ubhalwe ibinzana ilandelayo: "Mna ulungele ukudibana noMdali. Kodwa ukuba uMdali ixesha ukulungiselela intlanganiso kunye nam - oko mbuzo ".

Isazinzulu owaziwayo Ampere wayalela ukuba ingcwaba lakhe othi "banoyolo ekugqibeleni." Nantso indlela kuhlolwa ubomi bakhe kunye nokufa.

Ukufunda iingxelo kumangcwaba abanye abantu, abantu bayathanda ukuba iqhotyoshelwe ubomi nokufa kothile, ngoko ke epitaph - uhlobo lesithembiso kwihlabathi kwehlabathi ophilileyo kwabafileyo. Abantu lusizi, uvelwano kunye namabinzana ekhumbulekayo.