Ukucoca vana: ukuba kube njani? Imiyalelo semigudu utshintsho olufanelekileyo kunye neemoto Vaz

Injini ye yemoto lixhotyiswe semigudu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu isilinda nganye. Enye ngokuba ugwebu lwezibaso umxube akwitankana lokugcina. Omnye okhonza ngokuchitha iigesi zeemoto. Nngokobuchwepheshe ukuthetha, zibizwa ngokuba "zokungenisa exhaust lwezivalo." mechanism distribution Gas motor icwangcisa ngokulandelelana kwabo yokuvula kwindawo ethile ivelufa ixesha.

Ukususela injini yesithuthi, amacandelo zalo kunye neendlela abakhuselekanga amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, phezu kwemithambo unikezelo lwerhasi zibonelelwa uhlengahlengiso izikhewu indlela ucinezelo.

Ukungalungelelani kunye neziphumo

Xa thermal utshintsho kugqitywe vana ngexesha ukusebenza ixesha elide okanye ngexesha ukungasebenzi macandelo kwinkqubo le, kakhulu kunciphise amacandelo ukusebenza kunye resource motor. Kwakhona lalikhatshwa amafutha ukwanda kunye Ukubetha uphawu kwi gumbi injini. Ukuba, umzekelo, umsantsa ngasentla eziqhelekileyo, i element iyakwazi ukuvuleka ngokupheleleyo, yaye oku kunegalelo yokuncipha kwenani iimpawu ngamandla. Avuthayo nokufakelwa isihlalo sayo kunokwenzeka xa kukho isikhewu encinane kakhulu. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ezi iziphene nempembelelo embi impendulo injini ngokucinezela namafutha namafutha.

amacebiso Professional

Ngoko enqabile nazo le ngxaki, sicebisa ngamathuba athile, malunga yonke imoto km-30 000, khangela leyo nokuvuma phezu kwemithambo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, kufuneka kulawulwe.

Ukubeka gap

Okokuqala kufuneka uqaphele amanqaku ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ngexesha data ukulungiswa. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuba sifeze mindzulamiso kuphela kwi-injini kubanda. Okwesibini, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho dimensions lowo kwindawo ezahlukileyo, oku kwenzeka ngokufanayo neentlobo brand emotweni kwezivalo ezahlukeneyo (ukutya, zeemoto).

Kukho kwakhona iinjini loo nto ifuna ukulungiswa ngamaxesha of backlashes. Oku kungenxa kuyilo indlela lonikezelo igesi. Valve ukuba actuated ngenxa adjusters Eziniyeni leyo, ukubuyekeza umsantsa nge-oyile injini. Kulo mzekelo, ubomi inkonzo enjalo malunga-60 000 km, konke oko kuxhomekeke kumenzi kunye nesimbo ukuqhuba. Le ngxelo iya kwenziwa imiyalelo iinkcukacha malunga nokuba kusekwa kanjani na hlengiso backlashes thermal vana iinjini Vaz kunye iimoto. Ukwenza lo msebenzi, ukongeza ukuthenga i-inshorensi gasket vana entsha, kuba emva kokuba sichitha isigubungelo ukuvuza ngakumbi kunokwenzeka kwezimvu ioli.

Clearance uhlolwa yokulinganisa uphenyo okhethekileyo, Ebubanzini kufuneka athobele iimfuno zobugcisa lophawu oluthile yemoto.

Inkqubo kokulungisa

Ngokomthetho inkqubo yokufaka vana ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke injini, kwaye akhangele malunga efanayo.

Okokuqala kufuneka ukuba bazise piston lombhobho, nto leyo eya kuba adjustable kwiziko phezulu abafileyo ngexesha stroke ucinezelo. Ngeli thuba zokungenisa zeemoto lwezivalo ziza kuvalwa Nengalo yesitshixo sihambise radially ngaphakathi kugqitywe elimisiweyo.

Okulandelayo, ukukhululwa ukulawula imbumbulu phezu uhlengahlengiso iqhosha lemenyu. Faka i dipstick phakathi cam le camshaft kunye nesiphelo vana, uze emva koko esebenzisa jija ngokulungelanisa imeko uze ufake umsantsa zakontrogayte Screw kucetyiswa. Xa ifakwe kakuhle, elawula amacala aye umsantsa kunye kwenkxamleko eninzi. Ukuba kukho nkqu ukungangqinelani incinane, kufuneka uqalise inkqubo yababini.

Yajika injini ngaphezu ikhulu elinamanci asibhozo degrees, phinda ukusebenza ngomhla lombhobho olandelayo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo umyalelo lombhobho yomsebenzi injini yemoto.

Ukubeka umsantsa kwi Vaz "ezisithoba"

ukucoca vana Vaz-2109 ilawulwa yi ukhetho kunye nokufakwa shims ezizodwa. Somrhaqa nabo phakathi ekupheleni nokufakelwa cam camshaft.

Ukufakela kugqitywe eziyimfuneko - inkqubo elula kwaye lwenziwa, kodwa kufuneka ndinyanyekelwe inkosi kunye nendlela echanekileyo lo mbandela.

Izixhobo nezinye izincedisi

Ukwenza umsebenzi kuyimfuneko ukuba iqela izixhobo kunye izincedisi:

• Iseti standard indibaniselayezitshixo.
• Iqela ixhokonxa yolawulo.
• Zibekele usukelo ukuze alungise.
• Isixhobo for cutoffs vana.

ngoko nangoko inkqubo

Okokuqala, susa cap vana. Kuba oku pre ukuncothula izindlu air filter, kwaye elifut- ityhubhu drive umcephe intambo.

Ukuze umlinganiselo umsantsa phakathi ivelufa cylinder kuyimfuneko ukuba uskrolele izikhathi crankshaft. Kwaye ngoko ke ngokulula i scrolled, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhulule yonke yintlantsi iiplagi.

Okulandelayo, ususe isiciko zeplastiki sokhuselo ibhanti ixesha. Emva koko emqulwini crankshaft kwi kwicala langasekunene de amanqaku Tshatisa kwi sprocket camshaft kunye uphawu kuqweqwe metal le. Kucetyiswa ukuba le nut crankshaft pulley ngenxa wenkunkuma, usebenzisa iqhosha ukuya elinesixhenxe.

Emva kwethutyana kuqondana iilebhile kufuneka uvule shaft iye prongs ezintathu drive ibhanti ixesha.

Emva kokuba umsebenzi wokulungiselela kunokwenzeka ukuba umlinganiselo kugqitywe zeemoto ivalve akwitankana yokuqala kwaye ugwebu wesithathu. Elilelona umsantsa eceleni lwezivalo kufuneka ube zizahlulo ezibini zesishumi se-ndlela kunye impazamo eliphezulu ngokuvunywe of hundredths ezintlanu ndlela. Kwaye ngamashishini oko 0,35 mm. Xa izikhewu ezikhoyo azichanekanga, ngoko, usebenzisa isixhobo, kufuneka ufumane puck, emva ngokuthotywa piston kwiziko emazantsi kwabafileyo.

Ngaphezu koko, Ebubanzini uzimisele kuyimfuneko ukufaka iqhoshana. Ukusuka ixabiso vymerennogo kufuneka sisuswe ixabiso umsantsa ekucetyiswa kwaye ufake kwi ngenxa yobukhulu iqhoshana. Zonke washer ezi laser-ziyaphawulwa ngokuzibhala ixabiso balo babulingana nesandla. Kwimeko apho, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, ukumakishwa igqalwa kakubi, sebenzisa i micrometer.

Into leyo kugqitywe vana kufuneka lubekwe ekutshoneni elixelwe encwadini inkonzo emotweni.

Kamva ngexesha revolution ngalinye crankshaft kwenye elinamanci asibhozo degrees kulinganiswa ixabiso umsantsa: yesihlanu zokungenisa zeemoto izivalo yesibini, lesithandathu zeemoto lwesibhozo ukutya, eyesine anesixhenxe ngokulandelelana. Emva kokufaka qhoqo ubungakanani ezifunekayo ubungakanani isikhewu lukhangelwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ukulungisa le backlashes wobushushu semigudu ezimotweni amazwe

ufakelo ngexesha ubungakanani olululo isikhewu kunye nemfuneko kubavelisi yokungenisa yemoto injini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo hlengiso yohlukile kancinane data ebambelele imisebenzi iinjini zasekhaya. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, emotweni "Honda" nokuvuma vana ukwazi ukucwangcisa bakhe, ngaphandle koncedo oyingcali, lo gama usebenzisa kuphela screwdriver utsalo. Njengoko i Okungumahluko kunokwenzeka ukuba igama nje powertrain enqabileyo ezimbalwa umenzi apho inkqubo gidrokompensatsii esebenzayo (S32A type iinjini). Kwezinye oomatshini series ezahlukeneyo (V16-18-20; D13-14-15-16-17-R18-20; ZC kunye nabanye) ulungiso yenziwa impela nje kwaye ngaphandle nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo kunye nezibonelelo.

Izikhewu "Reno" semigudu

Phambi kokuba - imiyalelo eneenkcukacha ukuba Ukusungula uhlengahlengiso izivingco zale injini, "Reno Logan".

Ukhulule iibholiti umoya yezindlu filter uyikhuphe. Ibattery inshorensi valve umlomo. Broneprovoda ukususa ukusuka yintlantsi iiplagi ze ususe nganye nganye. Okulandelayo, ukhulule nezitshixo inshorensi ivalve , kwaye ngobunono usisuse. Emva koko, usebenzisa jack, kufuneka zokudibana phambi imoto ndize ndivule gear wesine. Okulandelayo, jikeleza ivili ngaphambili de F uphawu kwivili camshaft. Kubalulekile ukuba iliso vana cylinder yokuqala. Ukusebenzisa zihlole ubume thermal, emva bezikhulule kunye iseti nut yokutshixa iqhosha lemenyu. Xa umsantsa olubekwe, qinisa locknut nokuphinda-bathathe imilinganiselo. Badlule mindzulamiso sesibini ilungu lombhobho ofanayo.

Ngokubhekele phaya cranking le crankshaft isiqingatha size nyenyisa kugqitywe ivalve akwitankana wesithathu. Ngokufanayo izinto ufakelo eyalo iisilinda yesine yesibini.

Emva kokuba umsebenzi imilinganiselo yolawulo eqhutywa. Vula i crankshaft kwi izidanga ezimakhulu mathathu mathandathu kwaye jonga nokuvuma kwemithambo.

Ngokutsho kwiimpawu zobugcisa injini, imigaqo echaza i parameters zilandelayo:

• valve wawelela - 0,1-0,15 mm.
• Zidanga - 0.25-0.3 mm.

Kwimeko ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwemithambo zeemoto izikhewu ezikhethekileyo akramnceleyo - 0.2-0.25 mm.

Indlela ziqhelane injini ZMZ-402

okudingekayo vana 402 kweemoto efakiweyo malunga ngokufanayo kwezinye iimoto.

Into yokuqala ekufuneka skrola crankshaft clockwise ukucwangcisa lombhobho yokuqala TDC (ucinezelo stroke), kuze ke kuthelekiswe iileyibhile pulley kanti. Kulo mzekelo, kwemithambo kufuneka zivalwe. Okokuqala, sibambelela-hlengiso qeda. Kufuneka kukho umsantsa ka 0.35-0.4 mm. ukucoca ivalve eyanele kufuneka athobele 0,4-0,45 mm. Emva kokusebenza kunye lombhobho ukuya yokupasa yesibini kuqala. Musa ukulibala ukuzitshintsha crankshaft kwi isiqingatha ithuba.

umsebenzi kunye iisilinda yesithathu neyesine, pre-ngokuniguqula ixesha ngalinye le crankshaft.

Ekupheleni umsebenzi ayenza imilinganiselo iliso, ukuba kuyimfuneko, wenze ukulungiswa. Faka i-inshorensi valve gasket kunye inshorensi ngokwayo. Kulo msebenzi sele igqityiwe.

ngenxa

Xa ephethe kakuhle inkqubo yokulungisa isithuthi iya kuba injectivity ngaphezulu shwaka ingxolo uphawu ukusuka inshorensi nesivalo, kunye ukunciphisa amafutha. Resource ixesha ziya kwandisa kakhulu. Kwakhona, ukuthintela umonakalo kumacandelo inkqubo lonikezelo igesi kuyimfuneko ukuba esweni isidanga uxinzeleko lwe drive uqhwemesha camshaft. Kulo mzekelo, iyunithi uya kuthatha ixesha elide ngaphezu kwikota.

Ngoko ke, sibonile ukuba ukwenza njani zabo hlengahlengiso vana kwisithuthi.