Ukuba Bangaphi bafa emfazweni Afghanistan? iminyaka imfazwe Afghanistan 1979-1989.

Kuba iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithandathu ezidlulileyo idlule ukususela ngoko, njengoko joni lokugqibela eSoviet wemka Afghanistan. Ke baninzi amalungu ezo ziganeko bamandulo ngasekhohlo inxeba ngokweemvakalelo elisekho buhlungu kunye komzimba. ukuba Bangaphi bafa emfazweni Afghanistan abantwana bethu Soviet, kusekho a makhwenkwe! bephalaze iinyembezi Zingaphi oomama nabizayo zinc! igazi bangaphi abantu abamsulwa kaThixo elichithwayo! Kwaye yonke intlungu yabantu yenye igama amancinci - "imfazwe" ...

ukuba Bangaphi bafa emfazweni Afghanistan abantu?

Ukuba uyakholwa ezisemthethweni, akukho ukusuka Afghanistan wabuyela ekhaya USSR malunga 15 lamawaka amajoni Soviet. Abasafakwe kuluhlu udukile abantu 273. It kulimale kwalimala amajoni ngaphezu kwama 53 amawaka. Ilahleko emfazweni Afghanistan kwilizwe lethu mikhulu. amagqala abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba iinkokheli eSoviet wenza impazamo enkulu xa ukungena ungquzulwano. Zingaphi ubomi sisindiswe ukuba isigqibo sabo kwaba ezahlukeneyo.

It nangoku umlomo mpikiswano ngendlela abaninzi babulawa kwimfazwe Afghanistan yabantu. Ngapha koko, eli nani esemthethweni akuthethi akhawunti ngenxa yabaqhubi abafileyo esibhakabhakeni, bephethe impahla, bebuyela amajoni ekhaya, beza phantsi umlilo, medsestrichek kunye nabongikazi khathalela ngababuleweyo.

iminyaka imfazwe Afghanistan 1979-1989.

NgoDisemba 12, 1979 intlanganiso Politburo of the CPSU Committee Central , kwagqitywa ekubeni angene amajoni Russian e Afghanistan. Bona zazimi phezu kwintsimi lizwe ukususela ngoDisemba 25, 1979 yaye abaxhasi urhulumente we-Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Babemise eziku ukuthintela ingozi yokungenelela emkhosini ngamanye amazwe. Isigqibo malunga uncedo Afghanistan yiSoviet Union senziwa emva intlaninge yezicelo ezivela ubunkokeli zeRiphablikhi.

Ungquzulwano kwaqhambuka phakathi nenkcaso (spooks, okanye Mujahideen) kunye imikhosi exhobileyo yoRhulumente Afghanistan. Amaqela ayikwazanga ukwabelana ulawulo lwezopolitiko phezu kumhlaba weRiphablikhi. A Inani amazwe aseYurophu,-arhente zobungqondi Pakistani kunye US emkhosini ebudeni bemfazwe inkxaso ye Mujahideen. Kwakhona zinika unikezelo lwabo emthethweni.

Le hlaselo eSoviet yaliwa kwi miba mithathu: Khorog - Faizabad, Kushka - Shindad - Kandahar kunye Termez - Kunduz - Kabul. Zokuchopha Kandahar, Bagram kunye Kabul wathabatha amajoni Russian.

Eyona engundoqo izigaba imfazwe

Hlala imikhosi yiSoviet e Afghanistan yayiquka izigaba 4.

1 Disemba 1979 - February 1980. Ukufakwa ngokwezigaba nokubekwa imikhosi Soviet kwi kummandla kwiriphabliki.

2 Matshi 1980 - Apreli 1985. inxalenye Joint Afghanistan kulawulo impi esebenzayo.

3. Meyi 1985 - Disemba 1986. lweenqwelo eSoviet, iiyunithi zobunjineli zokudubula inkxaso izenzo amabutho Afghanistan. Ezilawulwayo ukungeniswa emthethweni evela kwamanye amazwe. Zintandathu regiments yiSoviet okwangoku wabuyela USSR.

4. Januwari 1987 - Februwari 1989. iiyunithi Soviet waqhubeka ukuxhasa imikhosi Afghanistan ekulweni zabo. Ngaba ulungiselela ukubuyela ekhaya aze enze imali epheleleyo amabutho Soviet. Wawuqala-15 Meyi 1988 ukuya kowe-15 Februwari 1989, wakhokela ngokusebenza, uLieutenant General Boris Gromov.

imfazwe Afghanistan (1979-1989 gg.) Endisaqhubeka ngaphantsi kancinane ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi, ukuba ngqo, ngeentsuku 2238.

Le ubuqhawe elo joni Soviet

Amaqhawe imfazwe Afghanistan mhlawumbi eyaziwa abemi abaninzi Russia. Bonke bavile zobuqhawe anesibindi zabo. Imbali kwemfazwe e Afghanistan iye izenzo ezininzi nesibindi nokobuqhawe kuko. amajoni Zingaphi namagosa bethwele ubunzima emfazwe, yaye uninzi lwabo wabuyela ekhaya ngeebhokisi zinc! Bonke ngebhongo abazibiza amajoni e Afghanistan.

Suku ngalunye iziganeko igazi e Afghanistan beba ezikude kakhulu kuthi. ubuqhawe alibaleke inkuthazo yamajoni Soviet. Kwakufanele ukubonga kwabantu Afghanistan ngentlonipho baseRashiya kumnombo emkhosini ukuya iLizwe loobawo. Kwaye bayenza loo nto anako, njengoko kufunwa yi isifungo somkhosi. Kuba izenzo kunye inkuthazo yamajoni Soviet zobugorha zanikwa amabhaso aphezulu likarhulumente, abaninzi kubo kokufa kwakhe.

Kwizintlu kufumana amabhaso

Ngaphezu amabini anamanci amawaka amajoni kwi ibhaso le-Order kunye iimbasa waseUSSR, apho 11 amawaka kokufa kwakhe. Hero eSoviet Union wafumana abantu 86, 28 kubo babengazi ngalo, ngokuba mbasa lifikile kakhulu emva kwexesha.

Xa inani amaqhawe Afghanistan abamele amasebe ezahlukeneyo zeenkonzo ngeenkonzo; .. zidlula, paratroopers, nomkhosi ezizimoto, nabaqhubi, iinjineli, signalers, njl koloyiko amajoni ethu kwiimeko ezinzima, ubalisa enomkhondo, ukunyamezela nobuthandazwe. Le feat hero, ezisitha amabele akhe umphathi edabini, akanako ukumshiya nabani akanankathalo.

Thina khumbula, siyaziqhenya ...

Amaqhawe imfazwe Afghanistan bamathidala ukukhumbula iziganeko iminyaka yemfazwe. Mhlawumbi ke abafuni ukuba ukuvula amanxeba kudala nangoku ukopha, oko kuyimfuneko kuphela kwebala. Ndingathanda ukuqaqambisa ubuncinane abathile kubo, kuba Sisenzo sini na ukuba immortalized kwiminyaka. La majoni ufele emfazweni Afghanistan ukuyithabatha ukuthetha ngayo.

Private NY Afinogenov bawongwa isihloko uHero yiSoviet Union kokufa kwakhe. Obugutyungelwe kokurhoxa oogxa bakhe bafeza umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Xa ziphelelwe emthethweni yena, lo iziqhushumbisi yokugqibela, wabatshabalalisa yena dushmans abakufuphi. Zoth Chepnik N. kunye A. Myronenko owalwamkelayo ngendlela efanayo, xa bafakwa kokusingqongileyo.

Umntu isho inqwaba imizekelo yokuzincama. Ukubumbana amajoni Soviet ilwa, ngqwayi aliliso ubumbano likratshi ethile.

Private Yury Fokin wafa ukuzikhululela umphathi elimele. Amajoni ivalwe nje umzimba wakhe, ukungavumeli kufa. Joni lalimlindile Yury Fokin waye kokufa wawongwa IMbasa Red Star. Soldier Komkov G. I. wenza feat efanayo.

Abafuna ukuphila kwabo ukuzalisekisa umyalelo umphathi ukukhusela umhlobo wakhe, ukusindisa ndili emkhosini - sisiseko zonke izenzo yobuqhawe amajoni ethu Afghanistan. abavikeli sangoku lokhokho kufuneka uthathe umzekelo omnye. ukuba Bangaphi bafa emfazweni Afghanistan abafana zethu! Yaye ngamnye kubo kokuzifaneleyo kwesihloko hero.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Imbali kwemfazwe Afghan usizi. Ngowe-1978, Afghanistan kwaqhutywa Epreli revolution, ngenxa eyabakho amandla yaBantu Democratic Party. Urhulumente wabhengeza lizwe riphablik yolawulo lwentando yesininzi. M. N. Taraki wathabatha phezu njengentloko karhulumente kunye inkulumbuso. X. Amin wamiselwa isekela umfundisi yokuqala yinkulumbuso kunye wezangaphandle.

Julayi 19 abasemagunyeni Afghanistan wanikela USSR ukwazisa ngamaqela amabini yiSoviet xa kuthe likaxakeka. Urhulumente wethu ukusombulula lo mba waya concessions amancinci. Kucetywa kwimihla ezayo ukuthumela ku Kabul nomkhosi okhethekileyo ntaka kunye nabasebenza Soviet.

October 10 abasemagunyeni Afghanistan isaziso ngokusesikweni ukufa ngesiquphe Taraki ukusuka sisifo esibi esinganyangekiyo. Kamva kwavela ukuba intloko karhulumente wakrwitshwa ngamagosa yabalindi kamongameli. Thumela Ukutshutshiswa abaxhasi Taraki. Le mfazwe yamakhaya Afghanistan, enyanisweni, sele kwaqala ngoNovemba 1979.

Isigqibo ukuthumela amajoni ku Afghanistan

intloko obhubhileyo karhulumente Taraki wayefuna indawo progressive ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, emva kokufa kwakhe, isithuba waba Babrak Karmal.

NgoDisemba 12 emva kokubonisana neKomishoni yezenzo i Politburo Brezhnev kwagqitywa ukunika uncedo yomkhosi Afghanistan. December 25, 1979 waqala kuqhutywe amajoni ethu elizweni 15.00 ngexesha eMoscow. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indima ye-USSR emfazweni Afghanistan kakhulu, njengoko iiyunithi Soviet ukunika yonke inkxaso ukuba umkhosi Afghanistan.

Izizathu eziphambili ngenxa yokusilela yomkhosi Russian

Ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, amathamsanqa phezu ecaleni amajoni Soviet, ubungqina kule - ukusebenza ngo Panjshir. Ingxaki ephambili beeyunithi zethu yaba mzuzu xa Mujahideen babuyiselwa evuthayo "Stinger", nto leyo ngokulula wabetha ithagethi ukusuka kumgama kakhulu. Technology, ekwaziyo ukubetha umjukujelwa ibhabha, emkhosini eSoviet akazange abe. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa "Stinger" Mujahideen badutyulwa phantsi ezininzi yamajoni kunye nezithuthi moya wethu. Le meko kuphela xa umkhosi Russian wakwazi ukufumana ezinye imijukujelwa ezandleni zabo.

Utshintsho kwamandla

NgoMatshi 1985, abasemagunyeni eSoviet Union utshintshile,-ofisi kaMongameli wegqitha waya M. S. Gorbachevu. nokuqeshwa kwakhe iye yatshintsha kakhulu imeko Afghanistan. Ngoko nangoko ke umbuzo nje ukuba amajoni eSoviet eyemka ngayo kweli lizwe kungekudala, yaye wathatha amanye amanyathelo ukuliphumeza.

E Afghanistan, njengoko utshintsho lwamandla: indawo B. Karmal wathabatha M. Najibullah. It yaqalisa ukurhoxiswa ngokuthe ngcembe leeyunithi Soviet. Kodwa emva koku ulwe Republican kunye Islamists aziziphelisanga kwaye kuyaqhubeka unanamhla. Noko ke, imbali yiSoviet Union emfazweni Afghanistan oku phezu.

Izizathu eziphambili ezibangela kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe e Afghanistan

Imeko e Afghanistan zange ingqalelo ezolile kuba ekufumaneni kwiriphabliki kummandla neAfrika. Le contenders eziphambili abanqwenela ukuba nempembelelo kweli lizwe, ngelo xesha omnye Russian uBukhosi kunye United Kingdom. Ngo-1919, urhulumente Afghanistan wabhengeza ukuzimela yalo eNgilani. Russia, ke, elinye lamazwe ngowokuqala ukuwubona kwilizwe elitsha.

Ngowe-1978, Afghanistan uye wafumana iwonga riphablik yolawulo lwentando yesininzi, uze emva koko kulandele iinguqu ezintsha, kodwa asinguye wonk 'wayefuna ukuba bababambe. Yaye liphuhlise ungquzulwano phakathi Islamists kunye Republican, nto leyo eye yakhokelela kwimfazwe yamakhaya. Xa zobunkokeli kwiriphabliki iye yaqaphela ukuba abakwazi ukuphatha ngokwabo, ukuba ucele uncedo ally wayo - eSoviet Union. Emva kokuthandabuza, eSoviet Union wathatha isigqibo ukuthumela amajoni ku Afghanistan.

incwadi memory

Nakude kude kuthi ngomhla xa imikhosi yokugqibela eSoviet walishiya ilizwe Afghanistan kaThixo. Le imfazwe ushiye kwimbali yelizwe lethu uphawu nzulu abayibo-, Bathiwe wambu igazi. Amawaka abatsha, kodwa wakwazi ukubona ubomi abantwana abazange babuyele ekhaya. Mawoo kwaye ukhumbule ubuhlungu. Kuba yintoni na zonke ezi zinto?

Amakhulu amawaka amajoni e Afghanistan ziye kakhulu yavavanywa kule mfazwe, hayi kuphela ungaphulwa, kodwa wabonisa iimpawu isibindi, ubuqhawe, ukuzinikela kunye nothando lokhokho. umoya wabo lwa esingagunqiyo, baza badlula ngesidima eli empi. Abaninzi owenzakeleyo kwaye baphathwe kwizibhedlele zomkhosi, kodwa ukonzakala ezinkulu, ezibe imvula kwaye nokopha, awanako ukunyanga na, nkqu ugqirha kakhulu onamava. Xa amehlo aba bantu wopha baza babulawa maqabane zabo, wafa ukufa okubuhlungu kuloo manxeba. Thina amajoni e Afghanistan kuphela inkumbulo yanaphakade izihlobo kwabafileyo.

In Russia kwiSikhumbuzo Book of imfazwe Afghanistan. It immortalized amagama amaqhawe bafayo kumhlaba weRiphablikhi. Kwindawo nganye kukho Incwadi eyahlukileyo Memory lamajoni ababekhonza e Afghanistan, apho amagama amaqhawe abhaliwe bafayo imfazwe Afghanistan. Imifanekiso apho sijonga guys eziseziintombi, ezimbonakalo intle uyenze intliziyo yakho, ndanityela iintlungu. Ngapha koko, akukho nanye kwezi abafana akasekho. "Umfazi Ize omdala elindele ukuba unyana wakhe ukuba aye ekhaya ..." - la mazwi ukususela kwixesha kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, yaya ukukhunjulwa wonke ummi Russia kwaye kwanyanzeleka ukuba compress intliziyo. Ngoko ke uya kuhlala memory obungunaphakade amaqhawe kwemfazwe Afghan, nto leyo eya ihlaziye ezi Incwadi engcwele ngokwenene Memory.

Iziphumo imfazwe Afghanistan yabantu - oko akuthethi kubangela ukuba urhulumente wenze zokusonjululwa kwembambano, kwaye inani abonzakeleyo, esemfuleni amawaka.