Uhlalutyo igazi zokucazulula ebantwaneni - bungabonakala leyo?

amayeza Modern kwenza ukusetyenziswa kakhulu iindlela ezahlukeneyo zophando komzimba, ngexesha ukwenza isifo, imisele isicwangciso unyango. Ezi iindlela inzima, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kaninzi iqala uvavanyo lwegazi elula kuphuhliso nokunyamekelwa kakhulu.

Uhlalutyo igazi abawacazululayo abantwana umthombo enkulu ulwazi malunga nempilo yosana. Nokuba umntwana kwaye akukho imbonakaliso oluvela yesifo, i inkqubo ezifana epheleleyo segazi , oogqirha bacebisa ukuba benze umlinganiselo umbala hayi ngaphantsi kwe-1 ixesha kwisiqingatha sonyaka. Kwaye kukho ezininzi izizathu ezilungileyo. Uphando lwakutsha nje oluqhutywe yi-Institute of iPediatrics lufumanise ukuba ama-80% yabantu umntwana uphethwe uhlobo ezifihlakeleyo kwegazi. Oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi kwimimandla nokusingqongileyo zihlelelekileyo eli lizwe. Ngaphandle kokuba imeko enjalo Sukubonisa naziphi na iimpawu buhlungu, kodwa aba bantwana kukho ukuqhwalela ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso ngokwasemzimbeni wayicola sifo, kubonakala umkhuhlane rhoqo.

Isampuli yegazi iyathathwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka pad distal ngomnwe oluphakathi kunye Lancet engenazintsholongwane ezilahlwayo ukwenzela ukuba ukoyika yokosulela - okanye abanalo usulelo. A ezimbalwa amathontsi entsha igazi ziyasetyenziswa kwiglasi efanayo isilayidi abulawe ezisisigxina. Uhlalutyo igazi zokucazulula kubantwana wenziwe oyingcaphephe kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo. Oko kukuthi, elabhoratri uvelisa amanani kuphela, singasathethi unokuwatyhila ngokwemiqathango zokufumanis umntwana okanye ukuba esi sifo kuba ngugqirha kuphela. Kumaziko yonyango - kunokuba segazi, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi le nkqubo wenziwe wabantwana yesithili.

Oko ukubonisa uhlalutyo igazi zokucazulula kwabantwana nokuba ugqirha ebheka kuqala?

Inani erythrocytes (iiseli ezibomvu) kwisampulu kunye neqondo mpilo. amaxabiso oqhelekileyo ayikho ngaphantsi kwe 4.0 / l of erythrocytes hayi ngaphantsi kwe-120 g / L mpilo. amanani Lower kudane phambi kwegazi.

Ngenxa cellular nokwakhiwa igazi kwakhona isiqulatho ibalulekileyo leukocytes (iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi). Kufuneka kubekho ubuncinane 9 -9,5 / l. Ngaphandle inani lawo elipheleleyo elinexabiso ngakumbi ukwakhiwa kwawo, njengokuba phakathi kwabo kukho umsantsa ka basophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocyte kunye monocytes. Ndawonye zenza i ebizwa ngokuba "segazi umahluko", nto leyo uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nokucaciswa abantwana ubonisa ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. Iingcali basoloko besebenzisa i "shift leukocyte ngasekhohlo" gama, nto leyo ethetha ukwanda kwenani iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwinxalenye lasekhohlo formula, ngamanye neutrophils kunye eosinophils. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa inkqubo yokukrala etsolo (kubandakanywa esosulelayo) xa umntwana. Kodwa "shift leukocyte ngasekhohlo" (lymphocyte kunye monocytes) lubonisa utyekelo Andidibani reaktsiyam.V kwezinye iimeko, indlela eqhelekileyo igazi waphawula ukwanda "abamhlophe" inani eosinophils kuphela ugqirha onamava unokuyixela kuba phambi nokungazali ekumfimfitheni emzimbeni (ascariasis, giardiasis, njalo njalo).

Kungasisalathisi esibalulekileyo ebonisa igazi kunye abawacazululayo kwabantwana ESR okanye izinga neentlenge. Ngokwesiqhelo, inani mayingagqithi 10-15 mm ngeyure nganye. Ukwanda kulo mzobo - ngumqondiso oqinisekileyo lobukho ukujoliswa zophendlo lwezifo ze ukudumba emzimbeni.

Zegazi (iiseli unoxanduva igazi ekunqandeni) kufuneka ibe ubuncinane 2-3 igazi / ilitha. Ukunciphisa inani labo okanye waphula sokubumba kunokubonisa ukugula sofuzo (thrombocytopenia), nekufuneka siphathwe kwangethuba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

iimvavanyo zegazi kubantwana, njengokuba abadala, ezingaphelelanga kohlalutyo jikelele. Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo senyongo, kufuna chemistry ngegazi, nto leyo lithatyathwe Kwangale kwaye iye bazilile. Kukho sele ujonge yibilirubin ngqo nengxelo-ntetho, enzyme AST, ALT, ukuhlola umsebenzi wesibindi kunye namanye amanani ukuba iyaqondakala kuphela kwiingcali.

Ngokubanzi, igazi sijongwa njengenye ancedisana zomzimba (kunye nemisipha, amathambo) kuphela ngendlela engamanzi. Bonke abantu Iiseli zihlaziywa ngokukhawuleza (nge-avareji qho kwiminyaka 3-4). Kukho indlela ukufumanisa besini lo mntwana yokuvuselela igazi. umongo wayo ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: amabhinqa, ukusukela kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala (omncinci musa ukubala), igazi kukuzihlambulula qho kwiminyaka emi-3. Ke amadoda, ukususela kwiminyaka eli-16, qho emva kweminyaka-4. Kukholelwa ukuba phantsi igazi lakhe, isini, yaye oku kuya kuba nomntwana. Indlela kakhulu impikiswano, njengazo zonke iindlela ezingezo-zonyango 'iinkqubo "besini womntwana, kodwa ke akukho kubi yaye akukho ngcono kunabanye.