Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin, i-30 umbhali eyona okhanyayo aphorisms

Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin - lo ilifa lethu kunye nembali. zixoxwa lakhe Fairy sifunda ebuntwaneni, amabali abantu kunye imikhuba yabo ityhila ulwazi ngokungangqalanga wemvelo.

Ukuqala inkonzo yakhe

30 iikowuteshini apt Saltykov-Shchedrin Life kunye nombhali yamabali amafutshane zingahlulwa ngokweendidi eziliqela. UMikhail Saltykov wazalwa usapho igosa sofuzo kwaye umcebisi Yevgraf Vasilyevich. Kwiminyaka 12, waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala Lyceum i Tsar kaThixo. Apho, ukongeza izono eziqhelekileyo ezifana yokungakhathali kunye ukungathobeli, ubukrwada, wayetyelela ngokufuthi ohlwaywe "wokungalivumi" umbongo. Emva kokukhutshwa versification ayisa umshado.

Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin malunga nendima iincwadi eluntwini Russian zezi zilandelayo:

1. "Ababhali zixatyiswa yi imifanekiso ngasemizini kwiincwadi zabo, kodwa igalelo yokomoya abakhokela uluntu phambili."
2. "Elo gama unikwa inkululeko enkudlwana. Kuphela esibayeni akakwazi ukuba ubhale kuyo nge-inki, njengoko umbhali awayecinga kwahlala emhandzini emqaleni wam. Umbhali yenye linxano -. Ukuze ukubhidanisa ingcamango, wasibeka umfanekiso angaziwayo singabangenakumbi wayengekho lubonakale, ukuze kungabikho namnye ayinakufunyanwa uhlobo azenza kwathiwa, kuyo "
3. "Bonke ababhali ezinkulu zobulumko kuba mkhulu bebalelwe ekubeni yinto ukuba iziseko ingcamango."
4. "Art urhoxile ehlabathini sokonakala. Oku uyakwazi, akukho ukufa. "
5. "Ndiya kusoloko alwe usiba yakhe unya nobuxoki."

iinkolelo Young yezopolitiko

Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin kurhulumente kunye nokungazinzi kwenkqubo yezopolitiko kule minyaka yokuqala yomsebenzi wayo ngokuba intlokoma i Februwari revolution French. Emva kokupapashwa bali "elukhuni Affair" UMichael wagxothelwa Vyatka kwiphondo loonobumba akrokrisayo ifane isebenzela urhulumente:

1. "Russia - zizityebi karhulumente, i enkulu anele. Yaye abantu abahlala apha abaziziyatha - bonke besifa yindlala kule ndawo kuhluthe ".
2. "Urhulumente Russian ziya kuthathwa yi ngabantu kakuhle, ngoxa ngokugcina abantu daze."
3. "Imithetho kwilizwe lethu kukhutshwa enabazali-ukusetyenziswa. Enye, ukuba umyalelo, kunye namanye amagosa ukuba umsebenzi. "
4. "Abantu abaninzi ukubona umahluko phakathi ingqiqo ka" looBawo "yaye" AbaBekekileyo Lwabo "."
5. "Akunamsebenzi nokuba kuba imali engange Russian eYurophu uya zeerandi amahlanu. Apha ukoyika into kuya kwenzeka xa ngaye ukuba amazinyo akhe. "

ukweba

Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin malunga ezimbi zabantu Russian - ukuba kuyajongwa wakhe ngexesha igosa yakhe umabhalane Vyatka. Kwaba apho waya ubuso ngobuso kunye ubusela kunye nokunxila.

1. "Ukuba utshaba ndivuka iminyaka eli-100 kamva, niyakwazi ukuba ukweba ngoku eRashiya, asele."
2. "Lo kaloliwe ihlabathi zisetyenziselwa ukuhamba. Kwaye kufuneka ke ukuba kuyo. "
3. "Awu! Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha ngaphezu kweyure, yaye ndiye ndaqonda ukuba lixesha lokuba basele yevodka. "
4. "Impumelelo ngobusela iya kuba kuphela xa umntu avidity ngokukhawuleza. Ingakumbi ukubawa, njengoko nayiphi na imvakalelo kufuneka ayeke ukoyika phambi kwenkundla kunye sajikwa. "
5. "Abantu into efana:. Ukuba amalungelo kunye siseko, okanye isonka kunye caviar ebomvu, okanye akrazule othile"

nokugqama bobuchule

Ngowe-1855, umbhali wavunyelwa ukuba abuyele ekhaya. Reference uphelile, yaye yena xibilili ukuba ushiye kwiphondo Vyatka, apho ndisifa nesithukuthezi. Kodwa ukuba waqalisa "Imizobo yePhondo," lwakhe yapapashwa 'Russian Gazette "kungekapheli nonyaka. Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin, uhlobo emangalisayo abantu Russian inokubonwa kuphela kulo msebenzi, kodwa iingxelo ezininzi zakutshanje umbhali:

1. "Ukuba abantu Russian zivumela ngokwabo ukuba uyeke kwaye bayazibuza oko kwenzekayo ehlabathini saso ukuze kuya kuba kude kube sekuphelisweni kwephakade eli."
2. "Imithetho zikaRhulumente engqongqo, kodwa wathambisa zabo ezingezo-mkhosi."
3. "Awu! Umbindi asikwazi ukubona! Okanye, empumlweni ngoko nangoko, okanye izibambo ukuba amange. "
4. "Ngo-Russia yedwa, kukho iindawo apho zonke inguqu."
5. "Imfundo ukuphumeza ngocoselelo ukuze kwakungekho gazi."

Shchedrin Tales

Emva ekhaya, umbhali zange ashiye iinkolelo zabo. Kodwa izimvo zabo ngohlobo byley kunye namabali abantwana, nto leyo Akuvumelekanga ukugqitha ukuhlola tsarist. Ezi zilandelayo iingxelo-5 - esi sicatshulwa evela iintsomi ka Saltykov-Shchedrin:

1. "Kukho siziziyatha nemiphunga. Balekani esitratweni kunye baphume. Ukuba ezi kufuneka bakhuselwe, kufuneka nkqu kwabalawuli "(" Msweli ").
2. "Vala amehlo akho emfutshane, kwaye sijongene kwenziwa esibuhlungu. Abantu abadlula uthi, "Ewe, oku yigusha, kwaye usodolophu!" ( "Sheep-Nepomnyashchy").
3. "Uphi na inyaniso?" -. "UNdikhoyo ezulwini, sithathe kwaye akabandulula" ( "Ngendlela").
4. "Ngaphandle yokundwendwela awukwazi ukuhamba. Yaye ngoko wonk 'angaya umke, ukuba ukulahla umsebenzi - ukuba alwe emva kwezi becela ngoko "(" A iKrismesi Tale ").
5. "Ukususela amarhamncwa abafunyanwa kwimozulu epholileyo, ingcuka ngaphantsi onesisa" ( "Poor Wolf").

Ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin ngokuthanda uhlanga

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umbhali Russian wabona zonke ubuthathaka neziphene abantu kunye namagosa, kude kube lusuku lokugqibela walwela kwilizwe labo, omthandayo ngentliziyo yam yonke. Nkqu iingxelo malunga nothando weva ngaye amaxesha buhlungu okwandayo:

1. "Ixabiso ubuzwe kakhulu. Kuyafuneka ukuba baqeqeshwe, ukuphuhlisa ngomntu ingcamango yokuba uluntu. "
2. "Kukho" rascals "abathi kurhulumente, yaye ucinge - ikeyiki free".
3. "Ummi unako ngokuba kuphela phakathi evekini, neeholide ecinga lamazwana."
4. "Abantu eziyingozi abo yayintsha bayahlelwa lizwe, leyo akakukhathalele abantu."
5. "Kukho into ethetha izwe. Mhlawumbi, kwakhona Wabanjwa eba. "

30 ucaphula Saltykov-Shchedrin, abaye ezinikelwe ngentla - akukho ubonwa nje. Ubonakalisa yohlobo iintsilelo zabantu, awohluke lomlinganiswa Russian, ezopolitiko. Xa imisebenzi yombhali kunokubonwa inkxalabo kwaye uyabathanda abantu Russian. De kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe Michael Evgrafovich wazama ukuqonda indlela kubekho inani elikhulu kwaye funny eRashiya.