Ubude kumenze: nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Kukho izihlandlo ebomini xa ulwazi ezifunyenwe ngexesha esikolweni, ziluncedo kakhulu. Nangona ngexesha izifundo, ezi nkcukacha zibonakala nokuchitha engeyomfuneko. Umzekelo, ukuba uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi malunga ukufumana indlela ubude Isingqi? Sinako ukucinga ukuba ngenxa yemisebenzi, akazalani iinzululwazi ngqo, loo ulwazi lokusetyenziswa encinane. Noko ke, umntu usho imizekelo emininzi (kuyilo izinxibo iKrismesi izixhobo moya ephucukileyo) xa usombulula izakhono imisebenzi geometry ezi ononyawo.

Le mbono "usinga"

Eli gama lithetha "string" liguqulelwe ulwimi kwilizwe kaHomer kaThixo. Kuye yaziswa zezibalo kwexesha yamandulo. Kumenze okhethwe phantsi eziziziqalelo geometry inxalenye umgca othe ngqo edityaniswe iingongoma ezimbini engenasizathu of a curve (isangqa, parabola okanye ellipse). Ngamanye amazwi, nokuhlangana element zejometri ibekwe kumgca ezidibanayo kwigophe elinikiweyo kwiindawo eziliqela. Kwimeko la manani achazwe le Isingqi teka amanqaku amabini mzobo.

Inxalenye ye-moya lingqongwe umgca ezidibanayo kwisangqa, yaye ibizwa ngokuba arc ingxenye. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba indlela ukuya embindini ukunyuka ubude usinga. Icandelo circumferentially ibekwe phakathi kweendawo ezimbini yonqumlo lo mgca ngqo kuthiwa i arc. It is a umlinganiselo engile engundoqo. Encotsheni yale mzobo zejometri na phakathi esangqeni ogama emacaleni iya kuhlangana ingongoma gqitha wesangqa.

Izakhiwo kunye neFomula

Ubude Isingqi wesangqa nga ibalwe amabinzana enemiqathango zilandelayo:

L = D × Sinβ okanye L = D × Sin (1 / 2α), apho β - angela kwi enekona lo nxantathu sibhalwe;

D - sangqa kwisangqa;

α - engile ephakathi.

Ungakhetha ezinye iimpawu ingxenye, kwakunye namanye amanani ezinxulumene nayo. Ezi ngongoma ziboniswa kuluhlu ilandelayo:

• Naziphi na iintshukumo ezinefuthe ezi equidistant ukusuka kwiziko kufuneka ubude efanayo, kwaye uxoxe yinyaniso.
• Zonke angles ukuba abhaliwe isangqa kunye nabanye kwi icandelo eziqhelekileyo enxulumanisa iingongoma ezimbini (kunye eziphezulu zabo zisendaweni kwelinye icala element) ziyafana kwindawo ubukhulu.
• I inkulu ke ubukhulu usinga.
• Umdibaniso naziphi engile ezimbini, ukuba uxhomekeke kulo ceke, kodwa iziciko babo kumacala ezahlukeneyo ngokuphathelele kuye, ^ngu-180.
• ngentambo ezinkulu - kuthelekiswa element efanayo kodwa ezincinane - ubuxoki kufutshane phakathi kwabantu yemigca.
• Zonke iikona, abhaliweyo kwaye zisekelwe phezu sangqa 90˚.

enye yokubala

Ukuze ufumane Ubude arc setyhula, nto leyo lufakwe apha phakathi iziphelo taxi, angasebenzisa ifomula Huygens. Oku kufuna la manyathelo:

1. isho Thina olifunayo ixabiso p kunye Isingqi isuka imitsi eli yinxalenye wesangqa iya kubizwa AB.
2. Sifumana phakathi abangakwaziyo AB, yaye oko kuya kubeka i nkqo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ubukhulu wesangqa, sibhalwe ngalo embindini Isingqi enza esinekona sasekunene kunye nayo. Le nokuxoxisana kuyinyaniso. Kulo mzekelo, indawo apho ubukhulu edlula kumbindi Isingqi, wadibana kwisangqa ezipalini zibonakaliswe M.
3. Ke ziqwempu AM kunye BM, ngokulandelelana, ukuze kuchazwe l kunye L.
4. Ubude arc ukuze kubalwe le ndlela ilandelayo: r≈2l + 1/3 (2l-L). Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba impazamo isihlobo eli binzana kwandisa ngokwandayo-engile. Ngoko, xa 60 oko 0.5%, nangenxa i arc 45˚ elinganayo, eli xabiso kuyehla kwi 0,02%.

ubude Isingqi zingasetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, izibalo kunye noyilo lwe flanges, eziqhelekileyo kwimizobo. Unakho ukubona kubalwe le xabiso xa ballistics ukumisela umgama ukubhabha iimbumbulu njalo-njalo.