Ubuchule kunye biography of Mendelssohn. Xa kuqala wayiva umtshato Mendelssohn ukuba bahambe?

Felix Mendelssohn - umqambi waseJamani, owabhala edume "Wedding Matshi." Yena - a abanetalente umdlali piyano, utitshala, umqhubi kunye notitshala. umsebenzi wakhe negalelo kuphuhliso kunye nokusebenza ubomi zomculo kuphela eJamani, apho wayehlala khona, kodwa kulo lonke ihlabathi. Wanceda ukuvela iitalente ezintsha kunye ekukhuleni kwabo kumsebenzi wokufundisa.

usapho

Umqambi odumileyo Felix Mendelssohn wazalwa eyesithathu ngoFebruwari 1809 e Hamburg. Weza kwintsapho yamaYuda kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko yamandulo. Utatomkhulu Mendelssohn yaba sobulumko odumileyo, ngutitshala waseJamani. Uyise uFeliks intloko yendlu zebhanki yaye ngokwenene Connoisseur ya vutshila.

Xa udade Fanny Mendelssohn kaThixo, lowo ayemthanda. Uyise wasweleka ngo-1835, yaye uFelikis nzima kakhulu abasindayo kwakhe kuqala wekamva.

Felix Mendelssohn. Umbhalo: Childhood

unina lwakhe kwi unyana besebancinane waphawula italente yakhe emangalisayo umculo. Yaba utitshala wakhe wokuqala. Xa ulwazi lwakhe UFeliks ayisekho ngokwaneleyo, unina wamsa ukuqhubela phambili ukuya Lyudvigu Bergeru, umqambi odumileyo kunye nepiyano.

Mendelssohn biography iqulethe ingcaciso kwiminyaka 7 Wenza inkqubela enkulu, no-10 abaphulaphuli ndisangqengqile umdlalo wakhe ekonsathini labucala. Kwangaxeshanye, wafunda ukudlala Purple, leyo kamva waba ngomnye izixhobo zakhe azithandayo.

Education Mendelssohn

Mendelssohn wanikwa imfundo ebalaseleyo. Wafunda ukupeyinta, imathematika, uncwadi, wayesazi iilwimi ezininzi. Wayehamba kakhulu. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-11, Mendelssohn waya kufunda Berlin Choral Academy. nenkokeli yalo waba Carl Friedrich, owafundisa Felix.

Ukuqala ngendlela okusungula Mendelssohn

somculo lwakhe phambili ngokukhawuleza. Sele 1822, malunga nomsebenzi ka Mendelssohn waqalisa ukuthetha ngendlela entsha ummangaliso somculo. Ngowe-1824 Mendelssohn wabhala "Symphony Lokuqala" kunye nabanye abambalwa lamaqhosha umculo. Emva konyaka yongezwe kuluhlu "String Octet." World nodumo bamzisa mnyakazo Mendelssohn ukuba "Nisalele A nehlobo Night kaThixo." Lo msebenzi wawuquka kumzobo lokuqala kunye odumileyo "Wedding Matshi."

Kwakhona umqhubi Mendelssohn waqalisa kwangoko kakhulu. Sele kule minyaka ingama-20 phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, iokhestra uya kwenza imisebenzi yi Bach kaThixo "isiva Ngokutsho uMateyu." Singing Academy I yachukumiseka gqitha ukuba ukususela ngoku ngemisebenzi yakhe yaqala ukuhlanganisa in repertoire lwabo ngonyaka ngamnye.

career

Ngowe-1833 Mendelssohn ngobomi zivuselela umsebenzi wakhe wokudala esebenzayo. Waba umculo mlawuli e Dusseldorf. Isiseko repertoire yakhe umqhubi steel Handel. Usebenze iminyaka emibini kuphela. Wandula ke waya Leipzig. Apho waba yinkokeli Gewandhaus.

Ngo-1843 waseka Leipzig Conservatory, kwangaxeshanye abe nenkokeli yalo. Kaloku, ukuba kwabalelwa uqambe Academy of Music. Mendelssohn. UFelikis wadala kunye isikolo umculo Leipzig, leyo hambana ni abanye kujolisa ezakudala.

Creativity Feliksa Mendelsona

Kwiminyaka 1829-1833 Mendelssohn waya eYurophu. Yena watyelela amazwe amaninzi imizi. wanika okuvelayo oko akumbona zomculo imifanekiso emitsha ukuba kusebenzise.

Eziphawuleka kakhulu kusebenza ixesha Mendelsohn Leipzig "Ryu Bias", "yeScotch Symphony" Violin Concerto e E Minor, 2 ipiyano trio. Xa "Lalani ngobusuku zasehlotyeni," wabhala umculo esekelwe mnyakazo wakhe wokuqala owadalwa lo msebenzi. Umyalelo wavela uKumkani Prussia.

Mendelson inxaxheba kule mbutho kunye neminyhadala yomculo Nizhnereynskih kaXhosa. Ndamthanda eNgilani, waza waya apho izihlandlo ezili-10. Aqhube okhestra eLondon kunye Birmingham, enza oratorio "uEliya".

Mendelssohn Romantic

Mendelssohn asithandayo classicism kunye neenjongo kwenkulungwane XVIII ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye umqambi. umculo yakhe luphawulwa balance nemvisiswano, ukuzeyisa kunye nangobuciko. Phakathi kuka-1820. Waba isimbo sakhe, ukuzoba bakhuthazwa iincwadi, ubume bendalo, ubugcisa kunye nembali.

Yiloo nto yamenza a yothando kangangoko kwiZwekazi kunokuba kunjalo kunezinye oko. Phakathi iingoma zakhe engqungqa yomlando GEMS okwenyaniso. Ngokomzekelo, ingoma "ngamaphiko Ingoma", nâzo encwadini amazwi Heine.

Mendelssohn-instrumentalist

Njengoko i instrumentalist-umqambi umsebenzi wakhe lwaqalisa symphony ukuze umtya okhestra kwi indlela classicism Viennese. Phakathi kwezi imisebenzi ezibalaseleyo 'Scottish "kunye" Italian ". Okokuqala Symphony omkhulu ngakumbi kwaye osisityebi ezingafani.

Isakhono Mendelssohn wabonisa ngokucacileyo ngendlela elula ezintle ngexesha elifanayo imveliso "Ingoma Ngaphandle Words". Olu ngcelele amaqhosha nepiyano. Bafana idayari ombambazelayo kaFeliks.

Personal Mendelssohn impilo

Nditsho ebutsheni bakhe Mendelssohn wadibana intombazana egama Sesil Zhanreno. Usuka kwintsapho osisityebi of Huguenot. Kungekudala, baza benza. UCécile waba intombazana entle kakhulu nesimilo kunye umlinganiswa ukuzola. umtshato wabo wayonwabile kwaye womelele. UCécile Felix wazala abantwana abahlanu. Oku waphefumlela Mendelssohn nangoku yonke uthotho imisebenzi emitsha.

March ngu Mendelssohn: imbali kwendalo kunye bathandwe

Ukudala "Wedding Matshi" yi Mendelssohn kwakungekho umbhalo oqhelekileyo enye imveliso. Yena ibali eyahlukileyo. Qala ithatha kunye ibika ukuba 'Phupha A nehlobo Night kaThixo. " Xa yokuqala wabonisa "Wedding Matshi" yi Mendelssohn? Emva kokuba ibika kokuba umculo esibhaliweyo ngemise- edlalwa kaShakespeare. Kwaba lelo xesha ke, ngo-1843, i "Wedding Matshi" bevuthela okokuqala. Kodwa ukuthandwa wazuza ngokuthe ngcembe. Umdlalo ayizange ngokubanzi kwaziwa.

Xa yokuqala wabonisa "Wedding Matshi" yi Mendelssohn kumtshato? Okokuqala Ndakhetha lo msebenzi ngenxa zomculo we sibini lomtshato yakhe eTiverton, Tom Daniel kunye Doroti Kerri. Umtshato senzeka 1847. Kodwa hambo kwaye ngoko wazuza udumo ngokubanzi. kwiminyaka engama-50 kuphela emva kumtshato UTom uDorothy, waba, ekugqibeleni, imisebenzi Yaduma Mendelssohn, okuhlala njalo unanamhla.

Mendelssohn biography iqulethe ukusahlula sibonga ayo ibali ukukhula kuthandwa kwi "Wedding Matshi." Le igama amenza umtshato lobukumkani. E London, nto yayiza kuqhutyelwa kumtshato Princess Victoria Adelaide British Crown Prince Frederick uWilliam Prussia. Kuba wedding kuyimfuneko ukuba bakhethe ezazibonisa mzuzu endilisekileyo umculo.

Victoria Adelaide uye Connoisseur yayo. Kwaye ukhethe umculo for umtshato akamvumelanga mntu. Wangenela lo mba ngokobuqu. Emva kokuphulaphula imisebenzi emininzi abaqambi ezahlukeneyo, inkosazana ime Wagner opera "Lohengrin" yaye "Wedding Matshi" yi Mendelssohn.

Okokuqala Victoria Adelaide uye ukhethe ixesha xa kuza kukhokelela esibingelelweni. emva kufezwe komtshato kunye "Wedding Matshi" yi Mendelssohn weza, ngoxa uphuma ibandla. Umtshato senzeka ngomhla wesihlanu-amabini ngoJanuwari 1858 kule mini "Wedding Matshi" yakhunjulwa yaye usoloko weza vogue njenge umculo yomtshato mandatory kumtshato.

Kunyaka wokugqibela wobomi

Mendelssohn biography iphela kunyaka ophelileyo yobomi bakhe. Ngowe-1847, impilo Mendelssohn iye simbi. Ngelo xesha yena eLondon. Ugqirha wakhe wacebisa Felix ukuba ayeke enza umsebenzi. Ngelo xesha linye ukufa udade wakhe amthandayo Fanny, ngubani wayemdala wayeneminyaka nje-4 ubudala. inkumbulo yakhe wanikezela piercingly umsebenzi ebuhlungu - umtya abacula f-Moll.

ukufa udade yaba yintlungu enkulu kuye. Wayengenako awuzukuphila kuyo. Dade ukuba kwakubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ahambe wabaleka waphuma amandla. Njengokuba ezininzi ezintlanu iinyanga emva kokufa kwakhe, wazama ukulwa ukuphelelwa lithemba likhula yaye ukudinwa, kodwa watsho phantsi.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, uYesu waba zikwimeko semi-abazi. Yonke imibuzo ukuba impendulo kuphela "hayi" okanye "ewe." Felix Mendelssohn wafa Leipzig yesine ngoNovemba 1847 ukusuka istroke. Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-38 kuphela ubudala.