U-Argon ukunyuka kwe-aluminium: ziziphi iingxaki

Umbuzo weendlela ezifikeleleke kakhulu zeemveliso ze-welding ezisuka e-aluminium kwifomu ecocekileyo kunye ne-alloys zayo ezifanelekileyo zichanekile malunga nokusebenza kwazo ezibanzi. Ukukhweliswa kwe-algon ye-aluminium kuthathwa njengenye yezobuchwepheshe obuqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-aluminium e-aluminium engeyiyo i-aluminium engabonakaliyo, equka i- aluminium yobuchwepheshe (amanani AD, AD1), ama-alloys esekelwe kwi-aluminium kunye ne-manganese (AMZ), i-aluminium kunye ne-magnesium (AMg). Iinqonga ezinjalo, ngokukodwa, kunzima ukulukhupha. Ngoko ke, zisetyenziswe ukuba unyango lwentshaba lunokwenzeka kwisakhiwo.

I-aluminium oxide yakha ifilimu engabonakaliyo phezu kwengxenye yecandelo (Tmol Al ₂ O ₃ = 2050 ° C), enesisindo esiphezulu kunesinyithi ngokwaso. Xa ifilimu ye-oxide iyitshabalaliswa, iinqununu zayo zihlambulula uhlambe oludibeneyo, luyinkimbinkimbi yokudibanisa imida. Ngako oko, ukukhwelisa i- argon ukukhwelisa kukhethwa emva kokususwa komatshini we-oxide okanye i-orching ye-base kunye ne-filler yensimbi. Iingxaki ezongezelelweyo zibangelwa ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo phakathi kwamanqaku e-Melting (Tm = 660 ° C) kunye ne-oxide yayo.

Xa i- argon ukukhwelisa i- aluminium kunye ne-electrode engekho-consumable evela kwi-tungsten eyenziwa, ukutshintshana kwamanje kusetyenziswa. Kule meko, ifilimu ye-oxide iyahlahla kwixesha eli-half-polarity, xa i-70% ye-arc yitshisa i-arc kunye ne-30% kwimveliso (i-cathode sputtering occur).

Amandla esinyithi ayancitshiswe ngokukhawuleza kumaqondo aphezulu aphezulu, angabangela ukutshabalalisa inxalenye engenakuphikiswa kwemigangatho phantsi kobunzima bokuhlambela. Ukunyuka kwe-Alidt ekwenzeni ukwanda kwamanzi kwandisa amathuba okuphuma kwawo kwiingcambu ze- weld. Ukuthintela ukutshisa kunye nokuhluleka okuhlangeneyo, ukuba ukukhweliswa kwe-argon kwenziwa, iteknoloji inokubonelela ngokusetyenziswa kwe-ceramic (graphite, iron). Oku kwenziwa nge-welding enye yocingo okanye izalathisi zokuqala ze-weld multi-pass.

Ukwenyuka kwama-aluminium alloys ukuya kwiphepha lokulwa ne-warpage kunganqotshwa ngokunyuka kwiimeko zokushisa eziphezulu kunye nokutshisa iindawo ezixhunyiwe. Ukubonakala kwe-porosity ye-hydrogen yomthunzi, obonakalayo ngokukodwa kwi-alloys nge-magnesium, iyancitshiswa ngokufudumala kwi-T = 150-250 ° C kwangaphambili nangethuba lokususa, kunye nokucoca ngokucokisekileyo umgca kunye ne-wire welded. Ukuze ugweme ukutshatyalaliswa okutshisayo, ama-seams akufanele abekwe kufuphi. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukongeza iinguqu ezizodwa zokuguqula isinyithi.

Ukukhwelisa kwe-Argon ye-aluminium kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela kwi-gesi ye-inert ye-argon, ehambisa umoya emoyeni kwindawo yokuhlamba kunye ne-plasma arc. Ar ingasetyenziswa (phezulu okanye ibanga lokuqala). Olunye ukhetho luyi-helium, umxube we-helium kunye ne-argon, kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yokukhusela kukunyuka kancinci.

Ububanzi be- tungsten electrode (ngaphandle kwecocekileyo, isetyenzisiweyo okanye i-yttrium) ekhethiweyo kuxhomekeka ngokuxhomekeka komkhiqizo. Njengempahla yokugcwalisa yintambo yokuxhaswa yemveliso eyahlukeneyo, exhomekeke ekubunjweni kwemveliso ephambili kunye nobukhulu beemida. Ukuxhaswa kwe-argon ngokufanelekileyo ngezandla zomntu kungenziwa kwindlela ekhoyo yokufakelwa (ukufakwa kohlobo lwe-UDG) kunye nokugcinwa kweemfuno eziyimfuneko ezikhethwe ngumlondolozi onamava. Abaqalayo kufuneka baqale bazifundele ngemithombo yeencwadi, ezibonisa iimodi kunye nemibala ye-aluminium welding.