The degree of igcwala-nitrogen - deal ukufunda

Nitrogen - mhlawumbi element yemichiza zixhaphakileyo kwi Solar System. Ukuze ube ngakumbi ngqo, i-nitrogen ibekwe 4th kakhulu. Nitrogen kwindalo - igesi egalelwe.

Le igesi Akukho imibala, akukho ivumba, kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukunyibilika emanzini. Noko ke, nitrate, iityuwa badla ukuphendula kakuhle kakhulu ngamanzi. Nitrogen onokuxinana eliphantsi.

Nitrogen - element Akumangalisi. Kukho ukuqashisela ukuba ufumene igama layo ulwimi zamandulo zamaGrike, nto leyo ethetha ukuba lithetha ukuba "ezingaphiliyo, baphanga." Kutheni a esinjalo sengqondo esibi ukuba nitrogen? Ngapha koko, siyazi ukuba yinxalenye kwiproteni, kwaye ukuphefumla ngaphandle kuba nzima. Nitrogen ludlala indima ebalulekileyo yendalo. Kodwa le gas umoya egalelwe. Ukuba kunjalo ukuthatha oku kuba yintoni na uhlobo yayo yokuqala, inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi. Ixhoba unokude afe of ukutsarhwa. Ngapha koko, ngenxa yokuba i-nitrogen ibizwa lifile ukuba ayenzi ukuxhasa yokutsha okanye nokuphefumla.

Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, le gas Lize kuphela lithium ngokwakhiwa compound ezifana lithium ephuculweyo Li3N. Njengoko sele sibonile, iqondo igcwala-nitrogen kwiimeko ezimbaxa enjalo 3. Kunye nabanye izinyithi kunye initrogen, Kakade ke, nayo ngayo, kodwa kuphela ngokufudumeza okanye ngokusebenzisa ehlanganisa ezahlukeneyo. Ngendlela ukuthetha -3 - iqondo esezantsi igcwala-nitrogen ukususela electron ezintathu kuphela efunekayo ukugcwalisa ngokupheleleyo amanqanaba amandla engaphandle.

Esi salathisi uba ezahlukeneyo neentsingiselo. degree ngalunye igcwala nitrogen na layo elibona. iikhompawundi ezifana zingcono ukukhumbula nje.

Ngenxa yoko, inani igcwala ka -3 lube nitrides. The degree of igcwala ye nitrogen ammonia lingana kwakhona ku -3, ngokungathi ngathi ngamazwi kungenzeka. Ammonia yigesi ezingenambala kunye ivumba elitsarhayo kakhulu. Khumbula ammonia. isakhiwo Its nayo iquka ammonia NH3. Khulula iziyobisi ngisho ammonia. Ngokusisiseko, ziboniswa niphele, isiyezi, kakhulu ukunxila okanye utywala. ivumba elitsarhayo ngokukhawuleza kukhokelela iimvakalelo kwi kwixhoba. Sekunjalo, emva kokuba zonke ukulungele ukwenza nantoni na kuye ukususa le 'iqaqa'.

Kunqabile ke loo isidanga initrojeni igcwala yi -1, no -2. Esokuqala sifumaneka ebizwa ngokuba yi-pernitridah, phakathi apho kubalulekile ukuphawula N2H2. Iqondo lokugqibela igcwala yenzeka uqhagamshelo NH2OH. Loo ezimbaxa nezintsonkothileyo inobutshijolo ezingazinzanga kakhulu buthathaka. Busetyenziswa kakhulu organic yokuqaphela.

Makhe nisinga izidanga eziphezulu igcwala we nitrogen, apho kukho abambalwa kakhulu. The degree of igcwala nitrogen kwenzeka kwenye ezimbaxa ezifana oxide (N2O). Xa imali encinci yalerhasi ngokubonakalayo anayenza naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Lidla isetyenziswa ngeedosi ezincinane zomzimba. Noko ke, ukuba ixesha inhalation yale berhasi elide ngokwaneleyo, ngoko angakwazi nokufa ukutsarhwa.

The degree of igcwala ka NO 2 ezifumaneka ezimbaxa. Igcwala 3 - kule N2O3 oxide. The degree of igcwala ka +4 - oxide ku NO2. Le igesi umbala obomvu-brown kunye nevumba ivuza. Kuyinto i oxide asidi.

5 - degree ephezulu igcwala kwi-nitrogen. Senzeka ngo -nitric acid , nabo bonke ityuwa, nitrate.