Imbali bonke baseArabhi, Iraq

France uzama yokuzilungiselela impembelelo yayo e Oman ukufumana isiseko zaselwandle zorhwebo kunye yombutho emnyango nePersian Gulf, ndakuqononondisa icandelo Oman. ungquzulwano Anglo-French kwaphela nemvumelwano ilahle ngo1862 eNgilani kunye France wayibona "geqe" lwe Muscat kunye Zanzibar. Ngenxa yoko, France manixolelaniswe necandelo Oman kaThixo; England iye yavunywa ngomhla amazwi 'geqe "lakhe ukuze okunene aphazamise kwangoko naye. Kuba phantse iminyaka eyishumi (1862-1871 gg.) Oman, wayifulela yi mvukelo ethandwayo nxamnye iphaphethi British Sultan Suveyni (1856-1866 gg.). Ezi ukuvukela zaxhaswa Wahhabi Najd, ufuna ukubuyisela amandla alo yangaphambili e Oman. Ngokwahlukileyo isivumelwano ngo-1862 eNgilani ekuhleni wangenelela kwimeko Omani. Ilungiselelwe Suveyni imipu kunye neenqanawa ukulwa nabantu, ebezihamba iidolophu labavukeli kunye needolophana, wayalela imchewule kuyo izikhulu ukugcina uTimoti zabo. Abalawuli British of Muscat banceda ekunciphiseni a kwimvukelo ethandwayo.

Ngowe-1861, iBritani wabeka Protectorate umnqophiso Sheikh of Bahrain Island. Esi sivumelwano zazithe nxamnye Turkey namaPersi, nganye ithathwa Bahrain ilifa layo. Ngowe-1865, ngexesha le mvukelo e Oman, umhlali IsiNgesi kwi Gulf wangena ikomkhulu Wahhabi ka-al-Riyadh waza wafumana isivumelwano sokuba ngumlawuli Wahhabi lathembisa ukuba banike uncedo bavukeli Omani. In ukubuya, iBritani ngaphandle kokuba Najd ahlawule irhafu rhoqo evela Oman. Kule 50 amaBritane zifakwe kwi kunxweme olusemazantsi baseArabhi, isiqithi Perim siqithi-Muriyya curiae. Imbali bonke baseArabhi, Iraq.

Ukomelezwa isikhundla kweBritani Iraq, apho-imi- 60 yenkampani British kusekwa Lynch umlambo yokukhangela kwi kweTigris - phakathi eBaghdad Basra. Kwelinye icala, Basra iye yahlanganiswa rhoqo "uhambo IsiNgesi elwandle, ndiyise kuloo amazibuko nePersian Gulf kunye India, kwaye emva kokuba kuvulwe Suez Canal kunye namazibuko of Europe. Kwangaxesha nye, amaBritane olwenziwe nge Iraq umgca East Indian Telegraph. Onke la manyathelo zibe negalelo kuphuhliso yorhwebo British ne-Iraq namaPersi (ethunyelwayo nge Iraq). Abarhwebi IsiNgesi sokumpompa Iraq ingqolowa, uboya, imihla. Yokufika impahla aseBritani kwakhokelela ilishwa ngamachule ale ngingqi.

Ngowe-1869, Baghdad wamiswa Midhat Pasha, umbhali elizayo-siseko Turkish. Phantsi kolawulo Midhat Pasha ingcinezelo Turkish uye ifomu ezinzima kakhulu. Midhat ihlawuliswa izizwe amadlelo kunye semi-ephila Arab kunye irhafu aphezulu wawufuna nasemoyeni iintlawulo zabo, imipu izizwe kwanyanzeleka ukuba fellahin kunye esenjalo ukuba ukukhonza emkhosini kumkhosi Turkish. Ezi "ezintsha" wabiza 1869 i mvukelo enkulu zezizwe Arabhu, leyo ibimiswe zicinezelwa ufekethe yi Midhat. Imbali bonke baseArabhi, Iraq.