Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography, ubomi yakho

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna nguye umhleli kunye emafini na imisebenzi epheleleyo (imiqulu 30), ebhalwe indoda yakhe edumileyo, ukuba aye ukususela ngo-2007. She - sekuhleni Russian, ilungu leBhodi yaBaphathiswa yeNgxowa-mali, "ityala Free" kwaye iBhodi yeTrasti imvuselelo Solovetsky monastery. Akukho ngcaciso imfutshane ukuba ehleli, nto uphumle phezu umxakatho zempumelelo nomyeni wakhe futhi usaqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna. Solzhenitsyn Fund ayikho ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka yayo engundoqo yasekwa ngowe-1974 e Zurich, ngowe-1992, watshintshelwa eMoscow. Ngayo, sinokuthi oku umfazi omhle kakhulu, elingcwele, kwaye nzima esebenza eyaba umncedisi kunye nombhali ophikisana ngesandla sokunene Aleksandra Isaevicha.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography

Svetlov igama lakhe intombi, yena wazalwa ngoJulayi 22, 1939 eMoscow. uyise Dmitri Ivanovich Velikogorodny (1904-1941 g). Yena waba oyinzalelwane aseStavropol nabalimi belizwe kwaye wazalelwa kwilali Malaya Dzhalga. Emva koko wayefunda le Moscow Institute of Red ngooNjingalwazi isebe zoncwadi yesifundo izidanga. Ngowe-1941 unyamalele kufuphi ESmolensk. Unina Solzhenitsyn yaba Catherine Ferdinandovna Svetlov (1919-2008 g), yena wazalwa eMoscow iziqu Moscow Aviation Institute.

Umkhulu Natali Dmitrievny Svetlov uFerdinand Yurevich (1884-1943 g) ukuba ilungu le-Socialist Revolutionary Party, waza wasebenza kwiphephandaba "Izvestia". Ngokuba kwisiqingatha sonyaka ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, waye wabanjwa kwaye kamva wafela kwi Gulag.

Utata D. K. Zhak (1903-1973 g) ukususela ngo-1949 kuye kwi-manani imfundo Economist, waba yimbangi amanqaku kwi-accounting manani. umninawa wakhe - Imbongi Russian kwaye Soviet Veniamin Zhak.

Education and umsebenzi

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna baphumelela Moscow State University, Mechanics kunye neMathematika Faculty. Emva iziqu wahlala ukusebenza elabhoratri kwamanani zezibalo.

mayingabi nako indoda yakhe yokuqala Andrei Nikolaevich Tyurin, sezibalo odumileyo eSoviet kwaye Russian, naye Natali Dmitrievny wazala unyana Dmitri (1962-1994 g) kuwo ngoku ikhula umzukulwana.

Ukudibana ne Solzhenitsyn

Ngo-Agasti 1968, uNatalia uhlangene Solzhenitsyn. Kwaye ukususela waba unobhala wakhe, umhleli kunye nomncedisi kuyo yonke imicimbi yakhe, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - unina woonyana bakhe abathathu ezimangalisayo Ermolai (1970), uIgnatius (1972), Stepan (1973). umtshato esemthethweni aye kukhutshwa 1973.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna bahambe nabantwana abane ukusuka USSR ukuya West emva kokuba umyeni wakhe. Ngowe-1976 intsapho yabo, ndayihluthwa ngabemi waseUSSR, apho inokubuyiselwa kwaba kukhona kamva - ngo-1990. kweminyaka 4 Kuphela kamva, kanye ngakumbi ngo-1994, yena, kunye Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym kunye nabantwana wabuyela eRashiya.

Ngo-2000, September 20, endlwini yin'we Lykovo Solzhenitsyn wadibana uMongameli Putin kunye nomfazi wakhe Lyudmila.

Ngo-2009, Putin V. V., xa kwisikhundla sokuba inkulumbuso, wavakalisa umnqweno ukuthetha kunye nosapho Solzhenitsyn. Isihloko engundoqo Ingxoxo yabo isifundo yelifa Solzhenitsyn kaThixo kwizikolo Russian.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Ukukhangela le ngobomi Natali Dmitrievny, asinakukwazi kuhlala umyeni wakhe Alexander Solzhenitsyn, owazalelwa Kislovodsk ngo-1918, ngomhla we-11 kuDisemba. Ngeli xesha, uyise wakhe ufile, yaye ngowe-1924 intsapho waya Rostov-on-Don. Apho, ngo-1941, wafumana imfundo yaseyunivesithi, akuba wafunda isebe physics nakwimathematika. Kodwa kungekudala waqalisa imfazwe, ukuba bazilungiselela Solzhenitsyn, kwaye emva kokuba isikolo igosa koko wathunyelwa imfazwe. Phambi Ukoyisa Great Solzhenitsyn wabanjwa nokutshekishwa anti-kaStalin ezincwadini zakhe ukuba wabhalela umhlobo wakhe N. Vitkevich. Alexander Solzhenitsyn ebehleli Lyubyanskoy kunye Butyrka entolongweni, wagwetywa iminyaka 8 kule nkampu. Biography of Solzhenitsyn kaThixo nje akunakwenzeka ukuba bashwankathele kumagama ambalwa, yaba ubuntu interenaya kakhulu - Dostoevsky yethu mihla, apho abaninzi sengqondo ingacaci njengoko wonqanyulwa, inyaniso okungenanto ngqo emehlweni.

indlela creative

Ukuvela kwinkampu kwi iYerusalem Entsha, yaye ngoko ke umsebenzi amabanjwa eMoscow sisiseko umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala "The Republic of Labor" (1954). Ngehlobo lowe-1947 watshintshelwa Marfinskaya "sharashka", apho ke kamva wayeza ukuchaza ubomi bakhe inoveli yakhe "I-Circle Lokuqala". Ngowe-1950, Solzhenitsyn ukho kwinkampu Ekibastuz yaye kamva recreates iziganeko ebalini "Ngenye imini Ivana Denisovicha." Ngowe-1952, azibonayo wayenomhlaza, kwaye lidlulise umsebenzi lowo ukuba asikhulule. Ukususela ngo-1953, Solzhenitsyn phezu ekuthinjweni ngokusisigxina ku Kazakhstan, kummandla Zhambyl, kwidolophana Kok-Terek.

Ngowe-1956 yena kwisimo, wabuyela eRashiya kwaye isebenza ngutitshala esemaphandleni Ryazan. Ubomi uchaza kumsebenzi "Matryona". Emva nobudlelwane Khrushchev kaThixo nxamnye Solzhenitsyn ekhulayo lomzabalazo kwakhona. Ithuba ukusebenza ize iprintwe phantse apho, ngeli xesha wayeza ukubhala umsebenzi kuphela "Zakhar-Kalita". Triumph ukuxoxa inoveli yakhe "Umhlaza Ward" (1968) engazisi oko akufunayo, uprinte kwaye musa ukuvumela.

Ngowe-1968 yena akugqiba umsebenzi wakhe ekuphenduleni "I Gulag Archipelago", yaye emva kokuba umqulu yokuqala ngo-1974 Aleksandra Isaevicha wabanjwa, anqunyulwe ubumi kunye wagxothelwa eJamani. Ukusuka apho, safudukela eSwitzerland, ukuze Zurich. Ngowe-1975 e Stockholm uAleksandr Isaevich wafumana ibhaso le-Nobel, yaye ngowe-1976, bakhonza US, Vermont. Umsebenzi wakhe uphambili iba ukubhalwa lo amaqhawe "Red Isondo".

Emva kokuba ngokuwa USSR ngowe-1994, wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe. Emva kokuphumelela lonke ilizwe, ukusuka eMoscow ukuya eMpuma Ekude, yena inxaxheba idityaniswe kubomi eRashiya.

Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn wafa ngoAgasti 3, 2008 Emnye-nezaphetha. Umzimba wayo wangcwatywa necropolis ka Donskoy Monastery eMoscow.

Ngowe-1992, Solzhenitsyn nentsapho yakhe wadutyulwa elimangalisayo umboniso kwiindawo ezimbini osihloko sithi "Alexander Solzhenitsyn" eliyi Govorukhin, abo batyelela kuye Vermont.

ignat

Umntu akufuneki silibale ngayo abantwana esi sibini emangalisayo. Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna Septemba 23, 1972 eMoscow wazala unyana, ignat Solzhenitsyn. Namhlanje yena - sele kakuhle-eyaziwa yano American kwaye Russian, umbhexeshi oyintloko Philadelphia Chamber Orchestra (ukususela ngo-1998).

Umbono wokuqala kwaye inamandla wenza phezu kwakhe symphony 5 winky kaThixo, weva xa wayengekho kunye-10 iminyaka. Emva koko, ndaziva ndikufuna ngamandla ukuba kuthathwe inxaxheba umculo kakhulu weklasiki. Waqalisa ukufunda phantsi kolwalathiso Rudolf Serkin. Kamva ke wafunda ipiyano eLondon kunye Marii Kurcho kunye uGary Graffmana.

Namhlanje uhlala eNew York kwaye sithatha inxaxheba kwimigidi umculo eziliqela ezibalulekileyo, kuquka i "ngoDisemba ebusuku" yaye "Mstislav Rostropovich". Ignat bawongwa "UAvery Fisher."

Malunga ubomi bentsapho Solzhenitsyn iyaqhutywa enye movie emangalisayo ebizwa ngokuba "Solzhenitsyn. Kwindibano Reach wokugqibela ", apho ubona, zombini kwiholo ekhonsathini" Meymandi "umculo onjengokaMozart Brahms, iokhestra idlala phantsi kobunkokheli ignat Solzhenitsyn.

Ermolai

Unyana omdala ka Natalia Ermolai wazalwa ngo-1970. Yena waphumelela Harvard, wafunda kwi yasePrinceton isidanga kwaye ngoku osebenza Consulting kwinkampani iMcKinsey, ngo-1998 - kushishino lwezimbiwa kwi EMEA (eYurophu, ico, eAfrika Middle East). Ermolai nayo inkokeli yeqela oontanga zehlabathi amandla izinto zifakiwe kwi qela ingcali ukuba kwempahla neenkonzo kunye nezibonelelo zothutho. Solzhenitsyn Igxininisa iiprojekthi ze-oyile negesi, ezothutho, isakhiwo umatshini, ezemigodi kunye namashishini metallurgical, kwaye uthatha indima ebonakalayo kuphuhliso lwezibonelelo iinkqubo lweedolophu nemimandla yonke.

Stepan

Namhlanje iminyaka eli-12, Stepan Solzhenitsyn ohlala eRashiya. Yaye ngaphezu kwako konke, ngathi yonke into Solzhenitsyn uziva Russian.

Stepan, kakhulu, ezifana umzalwana wakhe Ermolai, waphumelela Harvard yezifundiswa esikolweni namhlanje intloko ye-ofisi eMoscow of iMcKinsey Consulting siqinile. Asingatha ngayo yonke icandelo amandla eRashiya, kuquka esweni umsebenzi "Rosatom", ngokuba le nkampani ukwakhiwa izityalo senyukliya Finland "Hanhikivi".

isiphelo

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna emva kokufa kwendoda yakhe ngemisebenzi yakhe loncwadi kunye ukuxhasa ubulungisa yabantu inceda bonke abo basinda amaxesha ezimbi ngamaxesha anzima kwaye nabadinga uncedo kunye nenkxaso.