Sijonga ukuba zininzi izitshixo zepiyano kunye kwaye ngoku

Kukho imibuzo enomdla kakhulu kwimfundiso yomculo, iimpendulo apho ngezinye izihlandlo kunye neemvumi ngokwabo abazi. Ngokomzekelo, bambalwa kakhulu abantu bacinga malunga nokuba zininzi izitshixo zepiyano, kwaye kutheni kwenzeka ukuba esinye isixhobo sinomlinganiselo omkhulu kunomnye. Yingakho ngoku siza kuzama ukuqonda oku kwaye ngokukhawuleza sikhumbule, kwintoni na inani elifanayo lamanqaku okufuneka silidlale kwaye kutheni.

Ubude bezinga kunye nobudala besixhobo

I-Pianoforte iyisimboli esinomculo webhobhobhodi enabaninzi abandulele ngaphambili. Phakathi kwabo ungabiza igama elidumileyo-i-clavichord ne-harpsichord. Babonakala kwiplanethi malunga nekhulu le-13, kwaye ubude bezinga labo lincinci kuneli-analog yesimanje. Xa kufutshane nekhulu le-18, uluntu lwadala ipiyano yokuqala enkulu, iiparitha zayo kunye neempawu ezivakalayo zininzi kakhulu. Iitshixo zepiyano ziye zaba zikhulu, kwaye isakhiwo ngasinye se-octave sitshintshile. Kwakukho izandi ezintsha, ii-halftones ezitsha, ngokubonga apho umculo waqala ukuvakala ukugcwala. Uphendule umbuzo malunga nokuba zininzi izitshixo zepiyano ezinjalo kule minyaka, sinokuthi inani labo lilingana no-85.

Unokubala njani iitshixo zepiyano enkulu?

Njengoko kuyaziwa kubo bonke abaculi, naliphi na intsimbi yesigxina esakhiweyo kwi-octaves, oko kukuthi, isixa saso sihlukaniswe ngokuqhelekileyo sibe ngamacandelo, ngasinye ngasinye sinezandi ezisixhenxe. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kweli phepha kuphela loo manqaku ahambelana nezicwangciso ezimhlophe zifakwe kumanqaku, ngelixa abamnyama behlala befuna ukudala i-harmonic and melodic frets. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokuqwalasela inani le-octaves kwaye ukwandisa le nombolo nge sixhenxe, sifunde ukuba zininzi izitshixo ezimhlophe ipiyano. Ewe, masibale: ngokupheleleyo nasiphi na isitsha kukho kontraktava, enkulu, encinci, yokuqala, yesibini, yesithathu nowesine. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo sifumana amanqaku angeziwe apha ngasezantsi (3-4) kunye nephezulu kwinqanaba. Iphelele, inani linama-49 +/- 6, oko kukuthi, malunga namaqhosha amhlophe angama-55.

Sidlulela ekubaleni abamnyama

Ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo umbuzo: zingaphi izitshixo zepiyano, omnye kufuneka abale inani labamnyama, kwaye ungeze izalathisi ezimbini. Senza oku ngendlela efanayo, sigxile kwinani le-octaves. Kule meko, kuya kubakho izandi ezinhlanu ezimnyama kuzo nganye, oko kukuthi, isiqingatha se-35, kwaye +/- 2 okanye amanqaku amathathu anama-37. + 55 + 37 iya kuba yi-92. Nangona kunjalo, sikhumbula ukuba le nombolo iphantse kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, izitshixo zepiyano zenza i-octave epheleleyo yesihlanu (ephezulu), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha phantse kwiphepha elingaphantsi "ukuya" liza kuthungelwano. Ngokufanayo, zikhona izixhobo apho kungenjalo i-octave yesine kunye ne-kontraktava zenziwe ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko inani lezitshixo kwi piyano linokuvela kwi-85 kuya kwi-88 izandi.

Inani lezandi lichaphazela umdlalo womculo?

Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, inani lamanqaku epilano lingahluke ngokupheleleyo. Izikali zifikelela ezi zikhundla eziphezulu, kunye neyona ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, oku akunakuchukumisa naluphi na uhlobo umgangatho kunye nobuhle bomculo owenziweyo. Inyaniso kukuba kwiintsuku zakudala bonke abameli be-keyboard (oko kuthiwa yi- keyboard-string instruments) banomlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu, kwaye abaqambi ababhala ubugcisa babo bebengakwazi ukuhamba ngaphaya kweengqungquthela ezikhoyo. Ngako oko, namhlanje, ukudlala i-sonatas kunye neengcamango zeMozart, i-Chopin, Handel kunye nezinye iiklasi, awunakufumana "ukungabi" kwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye elingaphantsi kwepiyano. Iminye imisebenzi ingabhalwa ngabaqambi bexesha langoku. Nangona kunjalo, kaninzi kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe kwi-synthesizer, apho ukutshintsha kwezandi kutshintsha ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

Uhambo olutshanje kwi piyano

Abo banomdla kumculo, kuya kuba mnandi ukwazi. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba isitshixo ngokwawo ngumthombo wesandi kwisixhobo. Enyanisweni, isixhobo sawo nawuphi na upiyano luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule nxaxheba yenza kuphela indima ye-lever. Ngaphambi kwebhodi eliphambili kulowo nalowo lenziwe inyundo, ephindaphindiweyo, ibetha malunga neetambo ezintathu. Iintambo zintathu nganye zijoliswe kwisandi esinye, esenza siphelele kwaye sigcwaliswe. Ukwahluka kwesandi phakathi kwezi zilandelayo zintathu zilingana ne-semitone. Oko kukuthi, zihambelaniswe kwimiyalelo enye, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ibetha isitshixo esimnyama okanye imhlophe, eqinisweni, eyenza ipiyano ngendlela esicinga ngayo.

Ingaba ubude bezinga luchaphazela ukuzaliswa kwesandi?

Nangona siyazi ukuba zininzi izitshixo zepiyano kunye nendlela ehlelwe ngayo, umbuzo uhlala nokuba wenza nawuphi na umahluko ukuba ngumbuzo wokulila nokulila. Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokuphela kuphela-ayi. Ubungakanani kunye namandla ophilileyo kuthonywa ubude kunye nobukhulu beemingcane ezolulelwe ngaphakathi kwesixhobo, ubunzima bezintambo kunye nobuqili ababethelela kule mizila, kunye nesakhiwo sesixhobo. Ngokuqinisekileyo uqaphele ukuba ii-pianos zisetyenziselwa kwiikonkethi (zikho iindidi ezolulelwe ngokufanayo kumhlaba womhlaba kwaye zide kakhulu), kwaye ekhaya nasezikolweni zomculo sidlala ipilano, apho intambo nganye iqhutywe khona. Oku kunika okanye kunciphise amandla esandi, kodwa kungekhona inani lezitshixo.