Yintoni entsha entsha yomculo? I-Tritons i-solfeggio. Ithenda, i-semitone kumculo

Igama elithi "newt" linentsingiselo ezininzi. Le yilwanyana engaqhelekanga, kunye ne-Ancient Greek Greek, kunye nexesha lomculo. NgeMinyaka Ephakathi, le ngqamaniso yayinqatshelwe ngokuthe ngqo. Wayebizwa ngokuba "ngumculo kaSathana." Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lidlulile, isingqino sobomi saguqukile.

Kwimisebenzi yabaqambi baseRussia, umntu unokugcina ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokubanzi. Ukudibaniswa kwee-new melodi kunye ne-harmonic ezintsha zivakala ngokungavamile kunye nokucacisa.

Intsingiselo yegama elithi "newt". Ziziphi i-Tritons kuMculo?

I-Triton ngokwemvelo ibizwa ngokuba yi-amphibian ukusuka kwintsapho yama-amphibians. Le yenye yezilwanyana ezingabonakaliyo emhlabeni, onokukwazi ukuvuselela izilwanyana kunye nomsila olahlekileyo.

Ngokutsho kwimbali yamandulo yamaGrike, uTriton unkulunkulu. Kwiintsuku ezindala wayebonakaliswa njengomntu onomsila wehlengethwa kwaye ubeka ihashe.

I-Triton ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-satellite yesiplanethi yesibhozo ukusuka elangeni.

Yintoni entsha entsha yomculo? Ezi zikhethi zilingana neetoni ezintathu okanye ii-semitones ezintandathu. Ingaba yinto ephakamileyo kunye neyesihlanu.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-IV.4 yithuba elibonisa amanyathelo amane kwaye liqule iitoni ezintathu. Kwinqanaba le-diaton liyingqayizivele, kuba zonke iikota zibe neetoni ezimbini kunye nesiqingatha kwaye zicocekile. Ngaphandle kwexesha le-chromatic, IV.4 yinto ehlukile. Zonke zilingana ne-diatonic, kwaye ikota ekhulisiweyo ilingana ne-quinte eyancitshisiwe.

Ingqondo 5 yithuba elithatha amanyathelo amahlanu kwaye liqule iitoni ezintathu. Le ncwadana iyasebenza. Ngoko ke, konke oku ngasentla kusebenza kweli xesha.

I-Tritons kumculo ayichithekanga kwisandi. Ziyinxalenye yeD7. Zakhiwe kwiimodem zendalo kunye nama-harmonic. Akukho kuphela ukwandiswa nokunciphisa. Baphinde babambe amagama e-subdominant kunye nokubaluleka, xa kwakhiwa ngamanyathelo afanelekileyo.

I-Tritons yintlangano edibanisi yemisindo emibili yomculo

Akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba kwi-Middle Ages, phantsi kokunqandwa ngokukhawuleza kwakusetyenziswa izandi ezimbini eziqulethe iitoni ezintathu. Icawa yamaKatolika yayikholelwa ukuba izinto ezintsha ezithandwayo kumculo - oku akunjalo nento evumelekileyo. Lowo owasebenzisayo kwiingoma zakhe, uyathonywa ngumtyholi okanye uyamnqula. Leli xesha alivumelekanga ukuba lisetyenziswe ngokukodwa okanye kwisandi esifanayo. Ukuba umntu waphula imithetho ebekwa yile ngqungquthela, unokungena emasangweni e-Inquisition. Eyona nto ihamba phambili, incoko kwaye iyacacisa incoko kunye naye. Kukho uluvo lokuba kungekhona nje isandi sale nqanaba "sinqumla" iindlebe kubachasi. I-Triton iqukethe ama-halftones ayisithandathu, kwaye nombolo ngokwayo ibangele ukwesaba kunye nentukuthelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha ngabaqambi baseRashiya

I-Tritons kumculo zixesha elinomdla kakhulu. Zasetyenziswa kakhulu ngabaqambi baseRashiya. Ngoko, umzekelo, u-Nikolai Andreevich uRimsky-Korsakov uwasebenzisa "kwi-Pskovite" ngaphambi kwesiteji veche. Oku kunika isandi esesabekayo kwisibizo sokukhala. I-Opera yakhe eyaziwayo "Ubusuku Ngaphambi Krisimesi" iphinda isebenzise eli xesha. Iprogram yonxibelelwano yonxibelelwano Umgca ugxininiswe ne-newt. Siyabulela oku, umfanekiso wakhe ukhanya kakhulu kwaye uphawu. U-Alexander Borodin usebenzise i-triton ngokubanzi kumculo we-opera "Prince Igor". Kuyamangalisa ukuba zifakwe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokucinga. Kwanele ukuwaqwalasela usebenzisa umzekelo wezinto ze Konchak. Xa lo mdlali ugxotha kwimemori yokulwa, umqambi usebenzisa ii-tritone shift shift in the move marquise. Ikota ekhulisiweyo kunye ne-5 encinci ihamba kunye neConchak ephindaphinda, eyakha uluhlu olucacileyo ngamazwi akhe. Zibonakala zibonakalisa intsingiselo engezantsi.

Ukudibanisa kwee-triton ze-melodi kunye ne-harmonic

UBoris Asafiev waphawula ngokugqithiseleyo indima ebalulekileyo kunayo entsha. Ubonisa ukuba kwimimandla yaseRashiya ithuba likhetha ukulungelelaniswa kwekhonkco kunye neendlela ezihambelanayo. Ulwazi malunga nale nto lunokufumaneka kwi-Glinka ngumbhali waseSoviet. Uqwalasela "uMatshi weChernomor" kwesi sicwangciso kunye neminye imizekelo evela kwi-opera "Ruslan noLyudmila." Ukuvumelana kobudlelwane be-triton kungafumaneka kwingqungquthela yama-elegy ephezulu yeRakhmaninov.

Ukuphindaphinda kaninzi kwe-nonaccord kwi- la lidibaniswa kunye neyonto efanayo kwi- E flat . Siyabulela kule nto yokugqibela yecandelo lokuqala lihlaselwa ngumsindo. Umlinganiselo ofihliweyo weetoni eziphambili kwixesha elitsha le-newt liyabonwa kwisingeniso kwisenzo sesine se-opera Umtshakazi kaTsar ngu-NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Iziqalo zokuqala, kunye ne-tone-tone kunye nezihlako ze- chromatic zehla , zenza uvakalelo lwe "premonition". Ubuhlobo obusondeleyo bobudlelwane beTriton ngokuvisisana kunye nokuchithwa kweengoma (ingqungquthela ye-melodic-harmonic umfanekiso wesicatshulwa) inokufumaneka kwi-Rimsky-Korsakov ye-Snow Maiden.

Ikota yokunyuka kunye neQuinta eNcitshiswayo kwiMisebenzi yabaQulunqi bamhla

I-Tritons kumculo wabalweli bekhulu lama-20 neye-21 iqhelekile. Kwi-V. uLutoslavsky's Funeral Music, ebhaliweyo kwi-orchestra yomtya, isandi sabo esingaqhelekanga "sithatha" ingqalelo yomphulaphuli kwaye sikhiqize umphumo omangalisayo. Ingqiqo eqinileyo yokuxhatshazwa kunye nosizi kudala ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana kwama-harmonic kunye namagama amasha. Zizo zikhetho ezinika umculo ingxolo engavamile kwaye iyamangalisa kakhulu. Ukuqhubela phambili, ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi zintsholongwane zikhawuleza kakhulu. Iipropati zabo ezicacileyo zihlobene ngokusondeleyo kwingxaki yokuqalisa nokuchithwa kwe-chromaticity.

Ithenda, i-semitone kumculo

I-octave ibandakanya iinqanaba eziyisixhenxe eziphambili zezinga. Ngezantsi ikhefu yepayano.

Ukususela kwisandi "c" kuya ku- "h" kuya kubakho iisitshixo eziyisixhenxe ezimhlophe, oku kufike kwi-re, mi, fa, ityuwa, la, i-si . Olu luhlu lubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho wendalo. Phakathi kwezwi elithi "ef" nelithi "hc", umgama omfutshane ufumaneka. Yiloo nto i-semitone. Ukuba ubala izixhobo ezimnyama, ufumana izandi ezilishumi elinambini (amanqaku). Yisistim somculo esicuthayo. Kuyo nayiphi na indawo kwizinga liya kuba semitone. Itheyibhile yonke iqukethe i-halftones ezimbini. Umzekelo, amanqaku "fis" kunye "gis". Ukuba ukhangele ikhibhodi, kuyacaca ukuba kuya kuba soloko ikhona iqhosha eliphakathi kwabo. Kule meko isandi "g".

Iimpawu ze-Diatonic kunye ne-chromatic kunye ne-semitones

Ingqungquthela yesithandathu, njengetoni yomculo, yakhiwe kwinkqubo yemvelo kunye neyobuhlungu. I-semitone ye-diaton ifunyenwe phakathi kwezigaba ezikufutshane zesilinganiso: "ef", "hc". Okanye yenziwe phakathi kwamanyathelo aphezulu kunye namanqaku athathweyo. Ngoko, umzekelo: "c-des", "es-fes", "e-dis", njl njl. I-chromatic ifumaneka ekuxhumeni kwinqanaba eliphambili kunye nokunciphisa kwayo okanye, ngokukodwa, ukwanda. Ngoko, umzekelo: "a-njenge", "f-fis". Kwenzeka ukuba yenziwa phakathi kokunyuka (ukwehla) kwinqanaba eliphambili kunye nokunyuka kwayo kabini (kunciphisa). Umzekelo: "f-fisis", "b-bes".

Itheyithoni ye-diaton (epheleleyo) ifumaneka ngenxa yokuxhamla kwamanyathelo amabini aphezulu asekuhlaleni.

Ezi zi: "cd", "de", "fg", "ga", "ah". Kwakhiwa kwakhona phakathi kwesigaba esinqununu kunye nesiphumo: "e-fis". Inokufumaneka kwakhona phakathi kweemveliso ezimbini: "des-es". Itheyiphu ye-chromatic ifumaneka kwinqanaba leqonga eliphambili kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukunyuka okuphindwe kabini, kunye naphakathi kwezinto ezimbini ezivela kwisigaba esifanayo.

Ngaloo ndlela, kumculo kukho amathoni kunye nama-semitones, ngaphandle kokungabikho ukwakhiwa okwenzekayo. Ziyi-diatonic kunye ne-chromatic kwaye zenziwe kwindlela yendalo kunye neyobuhlungu. Izikhathi ezinomdla kakhulu ezisetyenziswe ngabaqambi baseRashiya nabangaphandle zii-triton. USolfeggio ngumyalelo apho bafundelwa khona, bakha baze bahlabe.